Astronomy User's Library

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Last modified: Thu Dec 21 21:14:28 2000.

List of Routines


Routine Descriptions

ABSCAL

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 NAME:
       ABSCAL
 PURPOSE:
       Apply the FITS BZERO and BSCALE keyword values to a data array

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       RESULT = ABSCAL( Value, Header, /DEBUG)

 INPUTS:
       VALUE -  Any scalar, vector, or array (usually an integer type giving a
               relative intensity).
       HEADER - A FITS  header array containing the absolute calibration
               keyword BSCALE, and optionally BZERO and BUNIT.

 OUTPUT:
       RESULT = BSCALE*VALUE + BZERO, where the BSCALE and BZERO scalars
               are taken from the FITS header.  
               If the absolute calibration keywords do not exist, then
               RESULT = VALUE, and !ERR = -1.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
       /DEBUG - If DEBUG is set, then ABSCAL will print the
               calibration units given by the BUNIT keyword.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written W. Landsman, STX Corporation     January 1987
       Use DEBUG keyword instead of !DEBUG      September 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/abscal.pro)


AD2XY

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 NAME:
     AD2XY
 PURPOSE:
     Compute X and Y from  RA and DEC and a FITS  astrometry structure
 EXPLANATION:
     A tangent (gnomonic) projection is computed directly; other projections 
     are computed using WCSXY2SPH.     AD2XY is meant to be used internal to 
     other procedures.   For interactive purposes, use ADXY.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     AD2XY, a ,d, astr, x, y   

 INPUTS:
     A -     R.A. in DEGREES, scalar or vector
     D -     Dec. in DEGREES, scalar or vector
     ASTR - astrometry structure, output from EXTAST procedure containing:
        .CD   -  2 x 2 array containing the astrometry parameters CD1_1 CD1_2
               in DEGREES/PIXEL                                   CD2_1 CD2_2
        .CDELT - 2 element vector giving increment at reference point in
               DEGREES/PIXEL
        .CRPIX - 2 element vector giving X and Y coordinates of reference pixel
               (def = NAXIS/2) in FITS convention (first pixel is 1,1)
        .CRVAL - 2 element vector giving R.A. and DEC of reference pixel 
               in DEGREES
        .CTYPE - 2 element vector giving projection types 

 OUTPUTS:
     X     - row position in pixels, scalar or vector
     Y     - column position in pixels, scalar or vector

     X,Y will be in the standard IDL convention (first pixel is 0), and
     *not* the FITS convention (first pixel is 1)         
 REVISION HISTORY:
     Converted to IDL by B. Boothman, SASC Tech, 4/21/86
     Use astrometry structure,  W. Landsman      Jan. 1994   
     Do computation correctly in degrees  W. Landsman       Dec. 1994
     Only pass 2 CRVAL values to WCSSPH2XY   W. Landsman      June 1995
     Don't subscript CTYPE      W. Landsman       August 1995        
     Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
     Understand reversed X,Y (X-Dec, Y-RA) axes,   W. Landsman  October 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ad2xy.pro)


ADSTRING

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 NAME:
       ADSTRING
 PURPOSE:
       Return RA and Dec as character string in sexigesimal format.
 EXPLANATION:
       RA and Dec may be entered as either a 2 element vector or as
       two separate vectors (or scalars).  One can also specify the precision 
       of the declination in digits after the decimal point.

 CALLING SEQUENCE
       result = ADSTRING( ra_dec, precision )           
               or
       result = ADSTRING( ra,dec,[ precision ] )

 INPUTS:
       RA_DEC - 2 element vector giving the Right Ascension and declination
               in decimal degrees.
                     or
       RA     - Right ascension in decimal degrees, numeric scalar or vector
       DEC    - Declination in decimal degrees, numeric scalar or vector

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
       PRECISION  - Integer scalar (0-4) giving the number of digits after the 
               decimal of DEClination.   The RA is automatically 1 digit more.
               This parameter may either be the third parameter after RA,DEC 
               or the second parameter after [RA,DEC].  It is not available 
               for just DEC.   If no PRECISION parameter is passed, a 
               precision of 1 for both RA and DEC is returned to maintain 
               compatibility with past ADSTRING functions.    Values of 
               precision larger than 4 will be truncated to 4.    If
               PRECISION is 3 or 4, then RA and Dec should be input as 
               double precision.

 OUTPUT:
       RESULT - Character string containing HR,MIN,SEC,DEC,MIN,SEC formatted
               as ( 2I3,F5.(p+1),2I3,F4.p ) where p is the PRECISION 
               parameter.    If only a single scalar is supplied it is 
               converted to a sexigesimal string (2I3,F5.1).

 EXAMPLE:
       (1) Display CRVAL coordinates in a FITS header, H

       IDL> crval = sxpar(h,'CRVAL*')  ;Extract 2 element CRVAL vector (degs)
       IDL> print, adstring(crval)     ;Print CRVAL vector sexigesimal format

       (2)  print,adstring(30.42,-1.23,1)  ==>  ' 02 01 40.80  -01 13 48.0'
            print,adstring(30.42,+0.23)    ==>  ' 02 01 40.8   +00 13 48.0'    
            print,adstring(+0.23)          ==>  '+00 13 48.0'

       (3) The first two calls in (2) can be combined in a single call using
           vector input
              print,adstring([30.42,30.42],[-1.23,0.23], 1)
 PROCEDURES CALLED:
       FSTRING(), RADEC, SIXTY()

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written   W. Landsman                      June 1988
       Addition of variable precision and DEC seconds precision fix. 
       ver.  Aug. 1990 [E. Deutsch]
       Output formatting spiffed up       October 1991 [W. Landsman]
       Remove ZPARCHECK call, accept 1 element vector  April 1992 [W. Landsman]
       Call ROUND() instead of NINT()    February 1996  [W. Landsman]
       Check roundoff past 60s           October 1997   [W. Landsman]
       Work for Precision =4             November 1997  [W. Landsman]
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 24-Nov-1997
       Major rewrite to allow vector inputs   W. Landsman  February 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/adstring.pro)


ADXY

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 NAME:
	ADXY
 PURPOSE:
	Use a FITS header to convert celestial (RA,Dec) to pixel coordinates
 EXPLANATION:
	Use an image header to compute X and Y positions, given the
	RA and Dec in decimal degrees.  

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ADXY, HDR		;Prompt for Ra and DEC 
	ADXY, hdr, a, d, x, y, [ /PRINT ]

 INPUTS:
	HDR - FITS Image header containing astrometry parameters

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	A - Right ascension in decimal DEGREES, scalar or vector
	D - Declination in decimal DEGREES, scalar or vector        

	If A and D are not supplied, user will be prompted to supply
	them in either decimal degrees or HR,MIN,SEC,DEG,MN,SC format.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
	X     - row position in pixels, same number of elements as A and D
	Y     - column position in pixels

       X and Y will be in standard IDL convention (first pixel is 0) and not
       the FITS convention (first pixel is 1).
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
	/PRINT - If this keyword is set and non-zero, then results are displayed
		at the terminal.

 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	If less than 5 parameters are supplied, or if the /PRINT keyword is
	set, then then the X and Y positions are displayed at the terminal.

	If the procedure is to be used repeatedly with the same header,
 	then it would be faster to use AD2XY.

 PROCEDURES CALLED:
	AD2XY, ADSTRING(), EXTAST, GETOPT()

 REVISION HISTORY:
	W. Landsman                 HSTX          January, 1988
	Use astrometry structure   W. Landsman   January, 1994	
	Changed default ADSTRING format   W. Landsman    September, 1995
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/adxy.pro)


AFHREAD

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 NAME:
      AFhread
 PURPOSE:
      Subroutine of WFPCREAD to read a GEIS header from an HST STSDAS image.
 EXPLANATION:
       This procedure reads a GEIS header from an HST image.   It then looks
       if a .SHH file is present for FOC images to calculate better 
       astrometry by getting the current PSANGLV3 from this file.   Called by
        WFPCREAD.PRO

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       AFhread, HdrFile, hdr

 INPUTS:
       HdrFile - scalar string giving name of STSDAS header for an FOC image   

 OUTPUTS:
       hdr - string array, FITS header for the FOC image.    The position
               angle of the V3 axis of HST (PSANGLV3) is added, if it could 
               be found in the .SHH file       
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       STRN(), SXADDPAR, SXHREAD, SXPAR()
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written         Eric W. Deutsch  (U. of Washington)    June, 1994
       Documentation update   W. Landsman  (HSTX)             July, 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Removed call to EXIST() function   W. Landsman        April 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/afhread.pro)


AIRTOVAC

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 NAME:
       AIRTOVAC
 PURPOSE:
       Convert air wavelengths to vacuum wavelengths 
 EXPLANATION:
       Wavelengths are corrected for the index of refraction of air under 
       standard conditions.  Wavelength values below 2000 A will not be 
       altered.  Uses the IAU standard for conversion given in Morton 
       (1991 Ap.J. Suppl. 77, 119)

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       AIRTOVAC, WAVE

 INPUT/OUTPUT:
       WAVE - Wavelength in Angstroms, scalar or vector
               WAVE should be input as air wavelength(s), it will be
               returned as vacuum wavelength(s).  WAVE is always converted to
               double precision upon return.

 EXAMPLE:
       If the air wavelength is  W = 6056.125 (a Krypton line), then 
       AIRTOVAC, W yields an vacuum wavelength of W = 6057.8019

 METHOD:
       See Morton (Ap. J. Suppl. 77, 119) for the formula used

 REVISION HISTORY
       Written W. Landsman                November 1991
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/airtovac.pro)


AITOFF

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 NAME:
       AITOFF
 PURPOSE:
       Convert Right Ascension, Declination to X,Y using an AITOFF projection.
 EXPLANATION:
       This procedure can be used to create an all-sky map in Galactic 
       coordinates with an equal-area Aitoff projection.  Output map 
       coordinates are zero longitude centered.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       AITOFF, L, B, X, Y 

 INPUTS:
       L - longitude - scalar or vector, in degrees
       B - latitude - same number of elements as L, in degrees

 OUTPUTS:
       X - X coordinate, same number of elements as L.   X is normalized to
               be between -180 and 180
       Y - Y coordinate, same number of elements as L.  Y is normalized to
               be between -90 and 90.

 NOTES:
       See AIPS memo No. 46, page 4, for details of the algorithm.  This
       version of AITOFF assumes the projection is centered at b=0 degrees.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written  W.B. Landsman  STX          December 1989
       Modified for Unix:
               J. Bloch        LANL SST-9      5/16/91 1.1
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/aitoff.pro)


AITOFF_GRID

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 NAME:
       AITOFF_GRID

 PURPOSE:
       Produce an overlay of latitude and longitude lines over a plot or image
 EXPLANATION:
       The grid is plotted on the current graphics device. AITOFF_GRID 
       assumes that the ouput plot coordinates span the x-range of 
       -180 to 180 and the y-range goes from -90 to 90.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:

       AITOFF_GRID [,DLONG,DLAT,[LINESTYLE=N, LABEL =, /NEW ]

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:

       DLONG   = Optional input longitude line spacing in degrees. If left
                 out, defaults to 30.
       DLAT    = Optional input lattitude line spacing in degrees. If left
                 out, defaults to 30.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:

       LINESTYLE       = Optional input integer specifying the linestyle to
                         use for drawing the grid lines.
       LABEL           = Optional keyword specifying that the lattitude and
                         longitude lines on the prime meridian and the
                         equator should be labeled in degrees. If LABELS is
                         given a value of 2, i.e. LABELS=2, then the longitude
                         labels will be in hours and minutes instead of
                         degrees.
       /NEW          =   If this keyword is set, then AITOFF_GRID will create
                         a new plot grid, rather than overlay an existing plot.

 OUTPUTS:
       Draws grid lines on current graphics device.

 EXAMPLE:
       Create a labeled Aitoff grid of the Galaxy, and overlay stars at 
       specified Galactic longitudes, glong and latitudes, glat

       IDL> aitoff_grid,/label,/new        ;Create labeled grid
       IDL> aitoff, glong, glat, x,y      ;Convert to X,Y coordinates
       IDL> plots,x,y,psym=2              ;Overlay "star" positions

 AUTHOR AND MODIFICATIONS:

       J. Bloch        1.2     6/2/91
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Create default plotting coords, if needed   W. Landsman  August 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/aitoff_grid.pro)


APER

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 NAME:
      APER
 PURPOSE:
      Compute concentric aperture photometry (adapted from DAOPHOT) 
 EXPLANATION:
     APER can compute photometry in several user-specified aperture radii.  
     A separate sky value is computed for each source using specified inner 
     and outer sky radii.   

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     APER, image, xc, yc, [ mags, errap, sky, skyerr, phpadu, apr, skyrad, 
                       badpix, /EXACT, /FLUX, PRINT = , /SILENT, SETSKYVAL = ]
 INPUTS:
     IMAGE -  input image array
     XC     - vector of x coordinates. 
     YC     - vector of y coordinates

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
     PHPADU - Photons per Analog Digital Units, numeric scalar.  Converts
               the data numbers in IMAGE to photon units.  (APER assumes
               Poisson statistics.)  
     APR    - Vector of up to 12 REAL photometry aperture radii.
     SKYRAD - Two element vector giving the inner and outer radii
               to be used for the sky annulus
     BADPIX - Two element vector giving the minimum and maximum value
               of a good pix (Default [-32765,32767])

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
     /EXACT -  By default, APER counts subpixels, but uses a polygon 
             approximation for the intersection of a circular aperture with
             a square pixel (and normalize the total area of the sum of the
             pixels to exactly match the circular area).   If the /EXACT 
             keyword, then the intersection of the circular aperture with a
             square pixel is computed exactly.    The /EXACT keyword is much
             slower and is only needed when small (~2 pixels) apertures are
             used with very undersampled data.    
     /FLUX - By default, APER uses a magnitude system where a magnitude of
               25 corresponds to 1 flux unit.   If set, then APER will keep
              results in flux units instead of magnitudes.
     PRINT - if set and non-zero then APER will also write its results to
               a file aper.prt.   One can specify the output file name by
               setting PRINT = 'filename'.
     /SILENT -  If supplied and non-zero then no output is displayed to the
               terminal.
     SETSKYVAL - Use this keyword to force the sky to a specified value 
               rather than have APER compute a sky value.    SETSKYVAL 
               can either be a scalar specifying the sky value to use for 
               all sources, or a 3 element vector specifying the sky value, 
               the sigma of the sky value, and the number of elements used 
               to compute a sky value.   The 3 element form of SETSKYVAL
               is needed for accurate error budgeting.

 OUTPUTS:
     MAGS   -  NAPER by NSTAR array giving the magnitude for each star in
               each aperture.  (NAPER is the number of apertures, and NSTAR
               is the number of stars).   A flux of 1 digital unit is assigned
               a zero point magnitude of 25.
     ERRAP  -  NAPER by NSTAR array giving error in magnitude
               for each star.  If a magnitude could not be deter-
               mined then ERRAP = 9.99.
     SKY  -    NSTAR element vector giving sky value for each star
     SKYERR -  NSTAR element vector giving error in sky values

 PROCEDURES USED:
       DATATYPE(), GETOPT, MMM, PIXWT(), STRN(), STRNUMBER()
 NOTES:
       Reasons that a valid magnitude cannot be computed include the following:
      (1) Star position is too close (within 0.5 pixels) to edge of the frame
      (2) Less than 20 valid pixels available for computing sky
      (3) Modal value of sky could not be computed by the procedure MMM
      (4) *Any* pixel within the aperture radius is a "bad" pixel

       APER was modified in June 2000 in two ways: (1) the /EXACT keyword was
       added (2) the approximation of the intersection of a circular aperture
       with square pixels was improved (i.e. when /EXACT is not used) 
 REVISON HISTORY:
       Adapted to IDL from DAOPHOT June, 1989   B. Pfarr, STX
       Adapted for IDL Version 2,               J. Isensee, July, 1990
       Code, documentation spiffed up           W. Landsman   August 1991
       TEXTOUT may be a string                  W. Landsman September 1995
       FLUX keyword added                       J. E. Hollis, February, 1996
       SETSKYVAL keyword, increase maxsky       W. Landsman, May 1997
       Work for more than 32767 stars           W. Landsman, August 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0                    W. Landsman   September 1997
       Don't abort for insufficient sky pixels  W. Landsman  May 2000
       Added /EXACT keyword                     W. Landsman  June 2000       

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/aper.pro)


ARCBAR

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 NAME:
       ARCBAR
 PURPOSE:
       Draw an arc bar on an image showing the astronomical plate scale

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       ARCBAR, hdr, arclen,[  COLOR= , /DATA, LABEL= , /NORMAL, POSITION =, 
                              /SECONDS, SIZE=, THICK= ]

 INPUTS:
       hdr - image FITS header with astrometry, string array
       arclen - numeric scalar giving length of bar in arcminutes (default)
               or arcseconds (if /SECONDS is set) 

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
       COLOR - integer scalar specifying the color to draw the arcbar (using
               PLOTS), default = !P.COLOR
       /DATA - if set and non-zero, then the POSITION keyword is given in data
              units
       LABEL - string giving user defined label for bar.  Default label is size
               of bar in arcminutes
       /NORMAL - if this keyword is set and non-zero, then POSITION is given in
               normalized units
       POSITION - 2 element vector giving the (X,Y) position in device units 
               (or normalized units if /NORMAL is set, or data units if /DATA
               is set) at which to place the  scale bar.   If not supplied, 
               then the user will be prompted to place the cursor at the 
               desired position
       SIZE  - scalar specifying character size of label, default = 1.0
       THICK -  Character thickness of the label, default = !P.THICK

 EXAMPLE:
       Place a 3' arc minute scale bar, at position 300,200 of the current
       image window, (which is associated with a FITS header, HDR)

       IDL> arcbar, HDR, 3, pos = [300,200]

 RESTRICTIONS:
       When using using a device with scalable pixels (e.g. postscript)
       the data coordinate system must be established before calling ARCBAR.
       If data coordinates are not set, then ARCBAR assumes that the displayed
       image size is given by the NAXIS1 keyword in the FITS header.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       AD2XY, EXTAST, GSSSADXY, SXPAR()
 REVISON HISTORY:
       written by L. Taylor (STX) from ARCBOX (Boothman)
       modified for Version 2 IDL,                     B. Pfarr, STX, 4/91
       New ASTROMETRY structures               W.Landsman,  HSTX, Jan 94
       Recognize a GSSS header                 W. Landsman June 94
       Added /NORMAL keyword                   W. Landsman Feb. 96
       Use NAXIS1 for postscript if data coords not set,  W. Landsman Aug 96
       Fixed typo for postscript W. Landsman   Oct. 96
       Account for zeropoint offset in postscript  W. Landsman   Apr 97
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added /DATA, /SECONDS keywords   W. Landsman    July 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/arcbar.pro)


ARROWS

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 NAME:
      ARROWS
 PURPOSE:
      To display "weathervane" directional arrows on an astronomical image 
 EXPLANATION:
      Overlays a graphic showing orientation of North and East.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      ARROWS,h, [ xcen, ycen, ARROWLEN= , CHARSIZE=  COLOR= , /DATA
                              FONT=, /NORMAL, /NOTVERTEX, THICK=  ]

 INPUTS:
       h - FITS or STSDAS header array, must include astrometry

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
       xcen,ycen - numeric scalars, specifying the center position of
		arrows.   Position in device units unless the /NORMALIZED 
		keyword is specified.   If not supplied, then ARROWS
		will prompt for xcen and ycen

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
       arrowlen  - length of arrows in terms of normal Y size of vector-drawn
                     character,  default  = 3.5, floating point scalar
       charsize  - character size, default = 2.0, floating point scalar
       color     - color that the arrows and NE letters should be.  Default
                    value is !P.COLOR
       Data - if this keyword is set and nonzero, the input center (xcen,
                 ycen) is understood to be in data coordinates
       font - IDL vector font number (1-20) to use to display NE letters.
                 For example, set font=13 to use complex italic font.
       NotVertex - Normally (historically) the specified xcen,ycen indicated
                   the position of the vertex of the figure.  If this
                   keyword is set, the xcen,ycen coordinates refer to a sort
                   of 'center of mass' of the figure.  This allows the
                   figure to always appear with the area irregardless of
                   the rotation angle.
       Normal - if this keyword is set and nonzero, the input center 
                (xcen,ycen) is taken to be in normalized coordinates.   The
                default is device coordinates.
       thick     - line thickness, default = 2.0, floating point scalar
 OUTPUTS:
       none
 EXAMPLE:
       Draw a weathervane at (400,100) on the currently active window, 
       showing the orientation of the image associated with a FITS header, hdr

       IDL> arrows, hdr, 400, 100

 METHOD:
       Uses EXTAST to EXTract ASTrometry from the FITS header.   The 
       directions of North and East are computed and the procedure
       ONE_ARROW called to create the "weathervane".

 PROCEDURES USED:
       EXTAST - Extract astrometry structure from FITS header
       ONE_ARROW - Draw a labeled arrow	
       ZPARCHECK
 REVISON HISTORY:
       written by B. Boothman 2/5/86 
       Recoded with new procedures ONE_ARROW, ONE_RAY.  R.S.Hill,HSTX,5/20/92
       Added separate determination for N and E arrow to properly display
         arrows irregardless of handedness or other peculiarities and added
         /NotVertex keyword to improve positioning of figure. E.Deutsch 1/10/93
       Added /DATA and /NORMAL keywords W. Landsman      July 1993
       Recognize GSSS header    W. Landsman       June 1993
       Added /FONT keyword W. Landsman           April 1995
       Modified to work correctly for COLOR=0  J.Wm.Parker, HITC   1995 May 25
       Work correctly for negative CDELT values   W. Landsman   Feb. 1996
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/arrows.pro)


ASTDISP

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 NAME:
	ASTDISP

 PURPOSE:
	Print astronomical and pixel coordinates in a standard format
 EXPLANATION:
	This procedure (ASTrometry DISPlay) prints the astronomical and
	pixel coordinates in a standard format.  X,Y must be supplied.  RA,DEC
	may also be supplied, and a data number (DN) may also be 
	supplied.   With use of the Coords= keyword, a string containing the 
	formatted data can be returned in addition or instead (with /silent) 
	of printing.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ASTDISP, x, y, [Ra, Dec, DN, COORD = , /SILENT ]

 INPUT:
	X  - The X pixel coordinate(s), scalar or vector
	Y  - The Y pixel coordinate(s), scalar or vector

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	RA -  Right Ascention in *degrees*, scalar or vector
	DEC - DEClination in *degrees*, scalar or vector (if RA is supplied, DEC must also be supplied)
	DN -  Data Number or Flux values

	Each of the inputs X,Y, RA, DEC, DN should have the same number of 
		elements
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	SILENT    Prevents printing.  Only useful when used with Coords=
 OUTPUT:
	Printed positions in both degrees and sexigesimal format
	All passed variables remain unchanged
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD OUTPUT:
	COORDS    Returns the formatted coordinates in a string
 PROCEDURES CALLED:
	ADSTRING - used to format the RA and Dec
 HISTORY:
	10-AUG-90 Version 1 written by Eric W. Deutsch
	20-AUG-91 Converted to standard header.  Vectorized Code.  E. Deutsch
	20-NOV-92 Added Coords= and /silent.  E.Deutsch
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/astdisp.pro)


ASTRMFIX

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 NAME:
	ASTRMFIX
 PURPOSE:
	Calculate a rough HST WFPC or FOC astrometry solution
 EXPLANATION:
	This program will calculate a rough HST WFPC or FOC astrometry solution
	using the keyword PSANGLEV3 which gives the angle of the V3 axis of
	HST.    Called by WFPCREAD.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	AstrmFix, hdr, chip

 INPUT - OUTPUT:
	hdr - FITS header (string array) from either WFPC or FOC.   Header will
		be updated with rough astrometry 

 INPUT:	
	chip - Scalar (typically 0-3) giving the WFPC chip to read.

 HISTORY:
	??-???-???? Written by Eric W. Deutsch
	22-OCT-1992 Changed all calculations to double precision. (E. Deutsch)
	22-OCT-1992 Updated PC Pixel size of 0.04389 from WFPC IDT OV/SV manual(EWD)
	22-OCT-1992 Updated WF Pixel size of 0.1016 from WFPC IDT OV/SV manual(EWD)
	11-JAN-1993 Added warning message and changed CD001001... to CD1_1... (EWD)
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/astrmfix.pro)


ASTRO

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 NAME:
     ASTRO
 PURPOSE:
     Interactive utility for precession and coordinate conversion.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     ASTRO, [ selection, EQUINOX =, /FK4]

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
      SELECTION - Scalar Integer (0-6) giving the the particular astronomical
              utility to be used.  (0) Precession, (1) RA, Dec (2000) to Galactic 
              coordinates, (2) Galactic to RA,Dec (2000) (3) RA,Dec (2000) to 
              Ecliptic, (4) Ecliptic to RA, Dec, (5) Ecliptic to Galactic, (6) Galactic
              to Ecliptic.   Program will prompt for SELECTION if this 
              parameter is omitted.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
       EQUINOX - numeric scalar specifying the equinox to use when converting 
               between celestial and other coordinates.    If not supplied, 
               then the RA and Dec will be assumed to be in EQUINOX J2000.   
               This keyword is ignored by the precession utility.   For 
               example, to convert from RA and DEC (J1975) to Galactic 
               coordinates:

               IDL> astro, 1, E=1975
       /FK4 - If this keyword is set and nonzero, then calculations are done
              in the FK4 system.    For example, to convert from RA and Dec
              (B1975) to Galactic coordinates

               IDL> astro,1, E=1975,/FK4 
 METHOD:
      ASTRO uses PRECESS to compute precession, and EULER to compute
      coordinate conversions.   The procedure GET_COORDS is used to
      read the coordinates, and ADSTRING to format the RA,Dec output.

 NOTES:
      (1) ASTRO temporarily sets !QUIET to suppress compilation messages and
      keep a pretty screen display.   

      (2) ASTRO was changed in December 1998 to use J2000 as the default 
      equinox, **and may be incompatible with earlier calls.***
      
      (3) A nice online page for coordinate conversions is available at
       http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/Tools/convcoord/convcoord.pl   
 PROCEDURES USED:
      Procedures: GET_COORDS, EULER       Function: ADSTRING
 REVISION HISTORY
      Written, W. Landsman November 1987
      Code cleaned up       W. Landsman   October 1991
      Added Equinox keyword, call to GET_COORDS, W. Landsman   April, 1992
      Allow floating point equinox input J. Parker/W. Landsman  July 1996
      Make FK5 the default, add FK4 keyword

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/astro.pro)


ASTROLIB

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 NAME:
       ASTROLIB
 PURPOSE:
       Add the non-standard system variables used by the IDL Astronomy Library
 EXPLANATION: 
       Also defines the environment variable or VMS 
       logical ASTRO_DATA pointing to the directory containing data files 
       associated with the IDL Astronomy library (system dependent).

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       ASTROLIB

 INPUTS:
       None.

 OUTPUTS:
       None.

 METHOD:
       The non-standard system variables !PRIV, !DEBUG, !TEXTUNIT, and 
       !TEXTOUT are added using DEFSYSV.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written, Wayne Landsman, July 1986.
       Use DEFSYSV instead of ADDSYSVAR           December 1990
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/astrolib.pro)


AVG

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 NAME:
       AVG
 PURPOSE:
       Return the average value of an array, or 1 dimension of an array
 EXPLANATION:
       Calculate the average value of an array, or calculate the average
       value over one dimension of an array as a function of all the other
       dimensions.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       RESULT = AVG( ARRAY, [ DIMENSION, /NAN, /DOUBLE ] )

 INPUTS:
       ARRAY = Input array.  May be any type except string.

 OPTIONAL INPUT PARAMETERS:
       DIMENSION = Optional dimension to do average over, scalar

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
      /NAN - Set this keyword to cause the routine to check for occurrences of
            the IEEE floating-point value NaN in the input data.  Elements with
            the value NaN are treated as missing data.
      /DOUBLE - By default, if the input Array is double-precision, complex, 
                or double complex, the result is of the same type;  otherwise,
                the  result is floating-point.   Use of the /DOUBLE keyword 
                forces a double precision output -- this is equivalent to (but
                faster than) first converting the input array to double.
 OUTPUTS:
       The average value of the array when called with one parameter.

       If DIMENSION is passed, then the result is an array with all the
       dimensions of the input array except for the dimension specified,
       each element of which is the average of the corresponding vector
       in the input array.

       For example, if A is an array with dimensions of (3,4,5), then the
       command B = AVG(A,1) is equivalent to

                       B = FLTARR(3,5)
                       FOR J = 0,4 DO BEGIN
                               FOR I = 0,2 DO BEGIN
                                       B(I,J) = TOTAL( A(I,*,J) ) / 4.
                               ENDFOR
                       ENDFOR

 RESTRICTIONS:
       Dimension specified must be valid for the array passed; otherwise the
       input array is returned as the output array.
 PROCEDURE:
       AVG(ARRAY) = TOTAL(ARRAY)/N_ELEMENTS(ARRAY) when called with one
       parameter.
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       William Thompson        Applied Research Corporation
       July, 1986              8201 Corporate Drive
                               Landover, MD  20785
       Converted to Version 2      July, 1990
       Replace SUM call with TOTAL    W. Landsman    May, 1992
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added /NAN keyword   W. Landsman      July 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/avg.pro)


A_B

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 NAME:
     A_b
 PURPOSE:
     Compute B band interstellar extinction according to the RC2.
 EXPLANATION:
     The predicted B band extinction is computed as a function of  
     Galactic position  using the 21 parameter function given by
     deVaucouleurs in the 2nd Reference Catalog of Galaxies (RC2).   Note 
     that this formula is no longer used in the RC3 and that reddenings
     are instead obtained from the Burstein-Heiles 21 cm maps.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     result = A_b( l2, b2)

 INPUT PARAMETERS
     l2 = Galactic longitude (degrees), scalar or vector
     b2 = Galactic latitude  (degrees), scalar or vector

 OUTPUT PARAMETERS
     RESULT - Interstellar extinction Ab in magnitudes, same number of 
             elements as input l2 and b2 parameters

 NOTES:
     The controversial aspect of the deVaucouleurs reddening curve
     is that it predicts an extinction of about 0.2 at the poles 

     The parameters used here differ from the ones printed in the RC2
     but are the ones actually used for entries in the catalog
     (see Rowan-Robinson 1985) 

     This procedure is mainly of historical interest only, and reddening
     is now better determined using dust maps, such as those available at
     http://astro.berkeley.edu/davis/dust/index.html
 REVISION HISTORY
     Written by R. Cornett and W. Landsman, STX October 1987
     Vectorized code      W. Landsman   STX    December 1992
     Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/a_b.pro)


BARYVEL

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 NAME:
       BARYVEL
 PURPOSE:
       Calculates heliocentric and barycentric velocity components of Earth.

 EXPLANATION:
       BARYVEL takes into account the Earth-Moon motion, and is useful for 
       radial velocity work to an accuracy of  ~1 m/s.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       BARYVEL, dje, deq, dvelh, dvelb

 INPUTS:
       DJE - (scalar) Julian ephemeris date.
       DEQ - (scalar) epoch of mean equinox of dvelh and dvelb. If deq=0
               then deq is assumed to be equal to dje.
 OUTPUTS: 
       DVELH: (vector(3)) heliocentric velocity component. in km/s 
       DVELB: (vector(3)) barycentric velocity component. in km/s

       The 3-vectors DVELH and DVELB are given in a right-handed coordinate 
       system with the +X axis toward the Vernal Equinox, and +Z axis 
       toward the celestial pole.      

 PROCEDURE CALLED:
       Function PREMAT() -- computes precession matrix

 NOTES:
       Algorithm taken from FORTRAN program of Stumpff (1980, A&A Suppl, 41,1)
       Stumpf claimed an accuracy of 42 cm/s for the velocity.    A 
       comparison with the JPL FORTRAN planetary ephemeris program PLEPH
       found agreement to within about 65 cm/s between 1986 and 1994

 EXAMPLE:
       Compute the radial velocity of the Earth toward Altair on 15-Feb-1994

       IDL> jdcnv, 1994, 2, 15, 0, jd          ;==> JD = 2449398.5
       IDL> baryvel, jd, 2000, vh, vb          
               ==> vh = [-17.07809, -22.80063, -9.885281]  ;Heliocentric km/s
               ==> vb = [-17.08083, -22.80471, -9.886582]  ;Barycentric km/s

       IDL> ra = ten(19,50,46.77)*15/!RADEG    ;RA  in radians
       IDL> dec = ten(08,52,3.5)/!RADEG        ;Dec in radians
       IDL> v = vb(0)*cos(dec)*cos(ra) + $   ;Project velocity toward star
               vb(1)*cos(dec)*sin(ra) + vb(2)*sin(dec) 

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Jeff Valenti,  U.C. Berkeley    Translated BARVEL.FOR to IDL.
       W. Landsman, Cleaned up program sent by Chris McCarthy (SfSU) June 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/baryvel.pro)


BLINK

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 NAME:
	BLINK
 PURPOSE:
	To allow the user to alternatively examine two or more windows within
	a single window.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	BLINK, Wndw [, T]

 INPUTS:
	Wndw  A vector containing the indices of the windows to blink.
	T     The time to wait, in seconds, between blinks.  This is optional
	      and set to 1 if not present.  

 OUTPUTS:
	None.

 PROCEDURE:
	The images contained in the windows given are written to a pixmap.
	The contents of the the windows are copied to a display window, in 
	order, until a key is struck.

 EXAMPLE:
	Blink windows 0 and 2 with a wait time of 3 seconds

	IDL> blink, [0,2], 3 

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	Written by Michael R. Greason, STX, 2 May 1990.
	Allow different size windows   Wayne Landsman    August, 1991
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/blink.pro)


BOOST_ARRAY

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 NAME:
	BOOST_ARRAY
 PURPOSE:
	Append one array onto a destination array
 EXPLANATION:
	Add array APPEND to array DESTINATION, allowing the dimensions of
	DESTINATION to adjust to accomodate it.  If both input arrays have the
	same number of dimensions, then the output array will have one
	additional dimension.  Otherwise, the last dimension of DESTINATION
	will be incremented by one.
 CATEGOBY:
	Utility
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	BOOST_ARRAY, DESTINATION, APPEND
 INPUT:
	DESTINATION	= Array to be expanded.
	APPEND		= Array to append to DESTINATION.
 OUTPUTS:
	DESTINATION	= Expanded output array.
 RESTRICTIONS:
	DESTINATION and APPEND have to be either both of type string or both of
	numerical types.

	APPEND cannot have more dimensions than DESTINATION.

 MODIFICATION HISTOBY:
	Written Aug'88 (DMZ, ARC)
	Modified Sep'89 to handle byte arrays (DMZ)
	Modifed to version 2, Paul Hick (ARC), Feb 1991
	Removed restriction to 2D arrays, William Thompson (ARC), Feb 1992.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/boost_array.pro)


BOXAVE

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 NAME:
	BOXAVE
 PURPOSE:
	Box-average a 1 or 2 dimensional array.   This procedure differs from
	the intrinsic REBIN function in the follow 2 ways: 

	(1) the box size parameter is specified rather than the output 
		array size
	(2) for INTEGER arrays, BOXAVE computes intermediate steps using REAL*4 
		arithmetic.   This is considerably slower than REBIN but avoids 
		integer truncation

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	result = BOXAVE( Array, Xsize,[ Ysize ] )     

 INPUTS:
	ARRAY - Two dimensional input Array to be box-averaged.  Array may be 
		one or 2 dimensions and of any type except character.   

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	XSIZE - Size of box in the X direction, over which the array is to
		be averaged.  If omitted, program will prompt for this 
		parameter.  
	YSIZE - For 2 dimensional arrays, the box size in the Y direction.
		If omitted, then the box size in the X and Y directions are 
		assumed to be equal

 OUTPUT:
	RESULT - Output array after box averaging.  If the input array has 
		dimensions XDIM by YDIM, then RESULT has dimensions
		XDIM/NBOX by YDIM/NBOX.  The type of RESULT is the same as
		the input array.  However, the averaging is always computed
		using REAL arithmetic, so that the calculation should be exact.
		If the box size did not exactly divide the input array, then
		then not all of the input array will be boxaveraged.

 PROCEDURE:
	BOXAVE boxaverages all points simultaneously using vector subscripting

 NOTES:
	If im_int is a 512 x 512 integer array, then the two statements

		IDL> im = fix(round(rebin(float(im_int), 128, 128)))
	        IDL> im  = boxave( im_int,4)

	give equivalent results.   The use of REBIN is faster, but BOXAVE is
	is less demanding on virtual memory, since one does not need to make
	a floating point copy of the entire array.	

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written, W. Landsman, October 1986
	Call REBIN for REAL*4 and REAL*8 input arrays, W. Landsman Jan, 1992
	Removed /NOZERO in output array definition     W. Landsman 1995
	Fixed occasional integer overflow problem      W. Landsman Sep. 1995
       Allow unsigned data types                      W. Landsman Jan. 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/boxave.pro)


BPRECESS

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 NAME:
       BPRECESS
 PURPOSE:
       Precess positions from J2000.0 (FK5) to B1950.0 (FK4)
 EXPLANATION:
       Calculates the mean place of a star at B1950.0 on the FK4 system from
       the mean place at J2000.0 on the FK5 system.    

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       bprecess, ra, dec, ra_1950, dec_1950, [ MU_RADEC = , PARALLAX = 
                                       RAD_VEL =, EPOCH =   ]

 INPUTS:
       RA,DEC - Input J2000 right ascension and declination in *degrees*.
               Scalar or N element vector

 OUTPUTS:
       RA_1950, DEC_1950 - The corresponding B1950 right ascension and 
               declination in *degrees*.    Same number of elements as
               RA,DEC but always double precision.

 OPTIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT KEYWORDS
       MU_RADEC - 2xN element double precision vector containing the proper 
                  motion in seconds of arc per tropical *century* in right 
                  ascension and declination.
       PARALLAX - N_element vector giving stellar parallax (seconds of arc)
       RAD_VEL  - N_element vector giving radial velocity in km/s

       The values of MU_RADEC, PARALLAX, and RADVEL will all be modified
       upon output to contain the values of these quantities in the
       B1950 system.  The parallax and radial velocity will have a very 
       minor influence on the B1950 position.   

       EPOCH - scalar giving epoch of original observations, default 2000.0d
           This keyword value is only used if the MU_RADEC keyword is not set.
 NOTES:
       The algorithm is taken from the Explanatory Supplement to the 
       Astronomical Almanac 1992, page 186.
       Also see Aoki et al (1983), A&A, 128,263

       BPRECESS distinguishes between the following two cases:
       (1) The proper motion is known and non-zero
       (2) the proper motion is unknown or known to be exactly zero (i.e.
               extragalactic radio sources).   In this case, the reverse of 
               the algorithm in Appendix 2 of Aoki et al. (1983) is used to 
               ensure that the output proper motion is  exactly zero. Better 
               precision can be achieved in this case by inputting the EPOCH 
               of the original observations.

       The error in using the IDL procedure PRECESS for converting between
       B1950 and J1950 can be up to 1.5", mainly in right ascension.   If
       better accuracy than this is needed then BPRECESS should be used.

       An unsystematic comparison of BPRECESS with the IPAC precession 
       routine available at ned.ipac.caltech.edu always gives differences 
       less than 0.15".
 EXAMPLE:
       The SAO2000 catalogue gives the J2000 position and proper motion for
       the star HD 119288.   Find the B1950 position. 

       RA(2000) = 13h 42m 12.740s      Dec(2000) = 8d 23' 17.69''  
       Mu(RA) = -.0257 s/yr      Mu(Dec) = -.090 ''/yr

       IDL> mu_radec = 100D* [ -15D*.0257, -0.090 ]
       IDL> ra = ten(13, 42, 12.740)*15.D 
       IDL> dec = ten(8, 23, 17.69)
       IDL> bprecess, ra, dec, ra1950, dec1950, mu_radec = mu_radec
       IDL> print, adstring(ra1950, dec1950,2)
               ===> 13h 39m 44.526s    +08d 38' 28.63"

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written,    W. Landsman                October, 1992
       Vectorized, W. Landsman                February, 1994
       Treat case where proper motion not known or exactly zero  November 1994
       Handling of arrays larger than 32767   Lars L. Christensen, march, 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Fixed bug where A term not initialized for vector input 
            W. Landsman        February 2000
       

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/bprecess.pro)


BREAK_PATH()

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 NAME: 
    BREAK_PATH()

 PURPOSE: 
     Breaks up a path string into its component directories.

 CALLING SEQUENCE: 
     Result = BREAK_PATH( PATHS [ /NoCurrent])

 INPUTS: 
     PATHS   = A string containing one or more directory paths.  The
               individual paths are separated by commas, although in UNIX, 
               colons can also be used.  In other words, PATHS has the same 
               format as !PATH, except that commas can be used as a separator 
               regardless of operating system.

               A leading $ can be used in any path to signal that what follows 
               is an environmental variable, but the $ is not necessary.  (In 
               VMS the $ can either be part of the path, or can signal logical
               names for compatibility with Unix.)  Environmental variables
               can themselves contain multiple paths.

 OUTPUT: 
      The result of the function is a string array of directories.
      Unless the NOCURRENT keyword is set, the first element of the array is 
      always the null string, representing the current directory.  All the 
      other directories will end in the correct separator character for the 
      current operating system.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
      /NOCURRENT = If set, then the current directory (represented by
               the null string) will not automatically be prepended to the
               output.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
      Functions:  DATATYPE(), STR_SEP()

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 6 May 1993.
               Added IDL for Windows compatibility.
       Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 16 May 1995
               Added keyword NOCURRENT
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 29 August 1995
               Modified to use OS_FAMILY
       Version 4, Zarro, GSFC, 4 August 1997
               Added trim to input
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 25-Nov-1997
       Fix directory character on Macintosh system   A. Ferro   February 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/break_path.pro)


BSORT

[Previous Routine] [Next Routine] [List of Routines]
 NAME:
       BSORT
 PURPOSE:
       Function to sort data into ascending order, like a simple bubble sort.
 EXPLANATION:
       Original subscript order is maintained when values are equal (FIFO).
       (This differs from the IDL SORT routine alone, which may rearrange 
       order for equal values)

 CALLING SEQUENCE:  
       result = bsort( array, [ asort, /INFO, /REVERSE ] )

 INPUT:
       Array - array to be sorted

 OUTPUT:
       result - sort subscripts are returned as function value

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       Asort - sorted array

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
       /REVERSE - if this keyword is set, and non-zero, then data is sorted
                 in descending order instead of ascending order.
       /INFO = optional keyword to cause brief message about # equal values.

 HISTORY
       written by F. Varosi Oct.90:
       uses WHERE to find equal clumps, instead of looping with IF ( EQ ).
       compatible with string arrays, test for degenerate array 
       20-MAY-1991     JKF/ACC via T AKE- return indexes if the array to 
                       be sorted has all equal values.
       Aug - 91  Added  REVERSE keyword   W. Landsman      
       Always return type LONG    W. Landsman     August 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/bsort.pro)


CCM_UNRED

[Previous Routine] [Next Routine] [List of Routines]
 NAME:
     CCM_UNRED
 PURPOSE:
     Deredden a flux vector using the CCM 1989 parameterization 
 EXPLANATION:
     The reddening curve is that of Cardelli, Clayton, and Mathis (1989 ApJ.
     345, 245), including the update for the near-UV given by O'Donnell 
     (1994, ApJ, 422, 158).   Parameterization is valid from the IR to the 
     far-UV (3.5 microns to 0.1 microns).    

     Users might wish to consider using the alternate procedure FM_UNRED
     which uses the extinction curve of Fitzpatrick (1999).
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     CCM_UNRED, wave, flux, ebv, funred, [ R_V = ]      
             or 
     CCM_UNRED, wave, flux, ebv, [ R_V = ]      
 INPUT:
     WAVE - wavelength vector (Angstroms)
     FLUX - calibrated flux vector, same number of elements as WAVE
             If only 3 parameters are supplied, then this vector will
             updated on output to contain the dereddened flux.
     EBV  - color excess E(B-V), scalar.  If a negative EBV is supplied,
             then fluxes will be reddened rather than deredenned.

 OUTPUT:
     FUNRED - unreddened flux vector, same units and number of elements
             as FLUX

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD
     R_V - scalar specifying the ratio of total selective extinction
             R(V) = A(V) / E(B - V).    If not specified, then R_V = 3.1
             Extreme values of R(V) range from 2.75 to 5.3

 EXAMPLE:
     Determine how a flat spectrum (in wavelength) between 1200 A and 3200 A
     is altered by a reddening of E(B-V) = 0.1.   Assume an "average"
     reddening for the diffuse interstellar medium (R(V) = 3.1)

       IDL> w = 1200 + findgen(40)*50      ;Create a wavelength vector
       IDL> f = w*0 + 1                    ;Create a "flat" flux vector
       IDL> ccm_unred, w, f, -0.1, fnew  ;Redden (negative E(B-V)) flux vector
       IDL> plot,w,fnew                   

 NOTES:
     (1) The CCM curve shows good agreement with the Savage & Mathis (1979)
             ultraviolet curve shortward of 1400 A, but is probably
             preferable between 1200 and 1400 A.
     (2)  Many sightlines with peculiar ultraviolet interstellar extinction 
             can be represented with a CCM curve, if the proper value of 
             R(V) is supplied.
     (3)  Curve is extrapolated between 912 and 1000 A as suggested by
             Longo et al. (1989, ApJ, 339,474)
     (4) Use the 4 parameter calling sequence if you wish to save the 
               original flux vector.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written   W. Landsman        Hughes/STX   January, 1992
       Extrapolate curve for wavelengths between 900 and 1000 A   Dec. 1993
       Use updated coefficients for near-UV from O'Donnell   Feb 1994
       Allow 3 parameter calling sequence      April 1998
       Converted to IDLV5.0                    April 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ccm_unred.pro)


CHECK_FITS

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 NAME:
       CHECK_FITS
 PURPOSE:
       Check that keywords in a FITS header array match the associated data  
 EXPLANATION:
       Given a FITS array IM, and a associated FITS or STSDAS header HDR, this
       procedure will check that
               (1) HDR is a string array, and IM is defined and numeric   
               (2) The NAXISi values in HDR are appropriate to the dimensions 
                   of IM
               (3) The BITPIX value in HDR is appropriate to the datatype of IM
       If HDR contains a DATATYPE keyword (as in STSDAS headers), then this is 
       also checked against the datatype of of IM
       If the /UPDATE keyword is present, then FITS header will be modified, if
       necessary, to force agreement with the image array

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       check_FITS, im, hdr, [ dimen, idltype, /UPDATE, /NOTYPE, /SDAS, /SILENT
                              ERRMSG = ]'

 INPUT PARAMETERS:
       IM -  FITS (or STSDAS) array, e.g. as read by READFITS
       HDR - FITS (or STSDAS) header (string array) associated with IM

 OPTIONAL OUTPUTS:
       dimen - vector containing actual array dimensions
       idltype- data type of the FITS array as specified in the IDL SIZE
               function (1 for BYTE, 2 for INTEGER*2, 3 for INTEGER*4, etc.)

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
       /NOTYPE - If this keyword is set, then only agreement of the array
               dimensions with the FITS header are checked, and not the 
               data type.
       /UPDATE - If this keyword is set then the BITPIX, NAXIS and DATATYPE
               FITS keywords will be updated to agree with the array
       /SDAS - If this keyword is set then the header is assumed to be from
               an SDAS (.hhh) file.    CHECK_FITS will then ensure that (1)
               a DATATYPE keyword is included in the header and (2) BITPIX
               is always written with positive values.
       /FITS -  If this keyword is present then CHECK_FITS assumes that it is
               dealing with a FITS header and not an SDAS header, see notes
               below.
       /SILENT - If keyword is set and nonzero, the informational messages 
               will not be printed
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD OUTPUT:
       ERRMSG	= If this keyword is present, then any error messages will be
                 returned to the user in this parameter rather than
                 depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
                 encountered, then a null string is returned.  

 SYSTEM VARIABLE:
       For consistency with previous versions, CHECK_FITS sets the obsolete
       !ERR keyword, although its use is discouraged in favor of the ERRMSG
       keyword.   If there is a fatal problem with the FITS array or header 
       then !ERR is set to -1.   ( If the UPDATE keyword was supplied, and the
       header could be fixed, then !ERR = 0.)    

 PROCEDURE:
       Program checks the NAXIS1 and NAXIS2 parameters in the header to
       see if they match the image array dimensions.

 NOTES:
       An important distinction between an STSDAS header and a FITS header
       is that the BITPIX value in an STSDAS header is always positive, 
       e.g. BITPIX=32 for REAL*4 data.    Users should use either the /SDAS 
       or the /FITS keyword if it is important whether the STSDAS or FITS 
       convention for REAL*4 data is used.     Otherwise, CHECK_FITS assumes 
       that if a DATATYPE keyword is present then it is dealing with an 
       STSDAS header.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       STRN(),FXADDPAR, fxpar() 
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written, December 1991  W. Landsman Hughes/STX to replace CHKIMHD
       No error returned if NAXIS=0 and IM is a scalar   W. Landsman  Feb 93
       Fixed bug for REAL*8 STSDAS data W. Landsman July 93
       Make sure NAXIS agrees with NAXISi  W. Landsman  October 93
        Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Allow unsigned data types   W. Landsman December 1999
       Allow BZERO = 0 for unsigned data types   W. Landsman January 2000
       Added ERRMSG keyword, W. Landsman February 2000
       Use FXADDPAR to put NAXISi in proper order   W. Landsman August 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/check_fits.pro)


CHECK_TAPE_DRV

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 NAME        :	
	CHECK_TAPE_DRV
 PURPOSE     :	
	Associates tape drive numbers with device files.  *Unix only*
 EXPLANATION :	
	This is an internal routine to the CDS/SERTS Unix tape handling
	utilities.  It converts tape drive numbers to actual device
	names, and checks to make sure that the device file is open.

		**Unix only**

 CALLING SEQUENCE:         :	
	CHECK_TAPE_DRV, UNIT, LOGICAL_DRIVE, DRIVE, LUN

 INPUTS      
	UNIT = Tape unit number.  Tape drives are selected via the UNIX
		       environment variables "MT1", "MT2", etc.  The desired
		       tape drive is thus specified by numbers, as in VMS.
		       Must be from 0 to 9.

 OUTPUTS     :	
	LOGICAL_DRIVE = Name of environment variable pointing to tape
				drive device file, e.g. "MT0".
	DRIVE	      = Name of device file, e.g. '/dev/nrst0'.
	LUN	      = Logical unit number used for reads and writes.

 COMMON      :	
	CHCK_TAPE_DRVS contains array TAPE_LUN, containing logical unit
		numbers for each tape device, and TAPE_OPEN, which tells
		whether each device is open or not.

 RESTRICTIONS:	
	The environment variable "MTn", where n corresponds to the
		variable UNIT, must be defined.  E.g.,

			setenv MT0 /dev/nrst0

		Requires IDL v3.0 or later.

 SIDE EFFECTS:	
	If the device file is not yet open, then the tape is rewound,
		and a file unit is opened to it.

 Category    :	Utilities, I/O, Tape.

 Prev. Hist. :	William Thompson, Apr 1991.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, April 1991.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 December 1993.
			Added keyword /NOSTDIO to OPEN statement.
			Incorporated into CDS library.
		Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 22 December 1993.
			Added spawn to "mt rewind".
		Version 3, W. Landsman GSFC 10-Apr-1996
			Open for Readonly, if Update access is unavailable

 Version     :	Version 3, 10-Apr-1996.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/check_tape_drv.pro)


CIC

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 NAME:
       CIC

 PURPOSE:
       Interpolate an irregularly sampled field using Cloud in Cell method

 EXPLANATION:
       This function interpolates an irregularly sampled field to a
       regular grid using Cloud In Cell (nearest grid point gets
       weight 1-dngp, point on other side gets weight dngp, where
       dngp is the distance to the nearest grid point in units of the
       cell size).

 CATEGORY:
       Mathematical functions, Interpolation

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       Result = CIC, VALUE, POSX, NX[, POSY, NY, POSZ, NZ, 
                     AVERAGE = average, WRAPAROUND =  wraparound,
                     ISOLATED = isolated, NO_MESSAGE = no_message]

 INPUTS:
       VALUE: Array of sample weights (field values). For e.g. a
              temperature field this would be the temperature and the
              keyword AVERAGE should be set. For e.g. a density field
              this could be either the particle mass (AVERAGE should
              not be set) or the density (AVERAGE should be set).
       POSX:  Array of X coordinates of field samples, unit indices: [0,NX>.
       NX:    Desired number of grid points in X-direction.
       
 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
      POSY: Array of Y coordinates of field samples, unit indices: [0,NY>.
      NY:   Desired number of grid points in Y-direction.
      POSZ: Array of Z coordinates of field samples, unit indices: [0,NZ>.
      NZ:   Desired number of grid points in Z-direction.

 KEYWORD PARAMETERS:
       AVERAGE:    Set this keyword if the nodes contain field samples
                   (e.g. a temperature field). The value at each grid
                   point will then be the weighted average of all the
                   samples allocated to it. If this keyword is not
                   set, the value at each grid point will be the
                   weighted sum of all the nodes allocated to it
                   (e.g. for a density field from a distribution of
                   particles). (D=0). 
       WRAPAROUND: Set this keyword if you want the first grid point
                   to contain samples of both sides of the volume
                   (see below).
       ISOLATED:   Set this keyword if the data is isolated, i.e. not
                   periodic. In that case total `mass' is not conserved.
                   This keyword cannot be used in combination with the
                   keyword WRAPAROUND.
       NO_MESSAGE: Suppress informational messages.

 Example of default allocation of nearest grid points: n0=4, *=gridpoint.

     0   1   2   3     Index of gridpoints
     *   *   *   *     Grid points
   |---|---|---|---|   Range allocated to gridpoints ([0.0,1.0> --> 0, etc.)
   0   1   2   3   4   posx

 Example of ngp allocation for WRAPAROUND: n0=4, *=gridpoint.

   0   1   2   3         Index of gridpoints
   *   *   *   *         Grid points
 |---|---|---|---|--     Range allocated to gridpoints ([0.5,1.5> --> 1, etc.)
   0   1   2   3   4=0   posx


 OUTPUTS:
       Prints that a CIC interpolation is being performed of x
       samples to y grid points, unless NO_MESSAGE is set. 

 RESTRICTIONS:
       Field data is assumed to be periodic with the sampled volume
       the basic cell, unless ISOLATED is set.
       All input arrays must have the same dimensions.
       Postition coordinates should be in `index units' of the
       desired grid: POSX=[0,NX>, etc.
       Keywords ISOLATED and WRAPAROUND cannot both be set.

 PROCEDURE:
       Nearest grid point is determined for each sample.
       CIC weights are computed for each sample.
       Samples are interpolated to the grid.
       Grid point values are computed (sum or average of samples).
 NOTES:
       Use tsc.pro for a higher-order interpolation scheme, ngp.pro for a lower
       order interpolation scheme.    A standard reference for these 
       interpolation methods is:   R.W. Hockney and J.W. Eastwood, Computer 
       Simulations Using Particles (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981).
 EXAMPLE:
       nx=20
       ny=10
       posx=randomu(s,1000)
       posy=randomu(s,1000)
       value=posx^2+posy^2
       field=cic(value,posx*nx,nx,posy*ny,ny,/average)
       surface,field,/lego

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written by Joop Schaye, Feb 1999.
       Avoid integer overflow for large dimensions P.Riley/W.Landsman Dec. 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cic.pro)


CIRRANGE

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 NAME:
       CIRRANGE
 PURPOSE:
       To force an angle into the range 0 <= ang < 360.
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       CIRRANGE, ang, [/RADIANS]

 INPUTS/OUTPUT:
       ang     - The angle to modify, in degrees.  This parameter is
                 changed by this procedure.  Can be a scalar or vector.
                 The type of ANG is always converted to double precision
                 on output.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       /RADIANS - If present and non-zero, the angle is specified in
                 radians rather than degrees.  It is forced into the range
                 0 <= ang < 2 PI.
 PROCEDURE:
       The angle is transformed between -360 and 360 using the MOD operator.   
       Negative values (if any) are then transformed between 0 and 360
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written by Michael R. Greason, Hughes STX, 10 February 1994.
       Get rid of WHILE loop, W. Landsman, Hughex STX, May 1996
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cirrange.pro)


CLEANPLOT

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 NAME:
       CLEANPLOT
 PURPOSE:
       Reset all plotting system variables (!P,!X,!Y,!Z) to their default values
 EXPLANATION:
       Reset all system variables (!P,!X,!Y,!Z) which are set by the user
       and which affect plotting to their default values.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       Cleanplot, [ /Silent]

 INPUTS:       
       None

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
       /SILENT - If set, then CLEANPLOT will not display a message giving the 
                 the system variables tags being reset.
 OUTPUTS:      
       None

 SIDE EFFECTS: 
       The system variables that concern plotting are reset
       to their default values.  A message is output for each
       variable changed.   The CRANGE, S, WINDOW, and REGION fields of the
       !X, !Y, and !Z system variables are not checked since these are
       set by the graphics device and not by the user.   

 PROCEDURE:
       This does NOT reset the plotting device.
       This does not change any system variables that don't control plotting.

 RESTRICTIONS:
       If user default values for !P, !X, !Y and !Z are different from
       the defaults adopted below, user should change P_old etc accordingly

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written IDL Version 2.3.0  W. Landsman & K. Venkatakrishna May '92
       Handle new system variables in V3.0.0     W. Landsman   Dec 92
       Assume user has at least V3.0.0           W. Landsman   August 95
       V5.0 has 60 instead of 30 TICKV values    W. Landsman   Sep. 97
       Change !D.N_COLORS to !D.TABLE_SIZE for 24 bit displays
               W. Landsman  April 1998
       Added silent keyword to supress output & modified X_old to
       handle the new !X and !Y tags in IDL 5.4   S. Penton     July 2000
       Test for visual depth if > V5.1   W. Landsman     July 2000
       

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cleanplot.pro)


CNTRD

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  NAME: 
       CNTRD
  PURPOSE:
       Compute the centroid coordinates of a stellar object 
       using the algorithm in the DAOPHOT FIND subroutine.

  CALLING SEQUENCE: 
       CNTRD, img, x, y, xcen, ycen, [ fwhm , /SILENT, /DEBUG]

  INPUTS:     
       IMG - Two dimensional image array
       X,Y - Scalar or vector integers giving approximate stellar center

  OPTIONAL INPUT:
       FWHM - floating scalar; Centroid is computed using a box of half
               width equal to 1.5 sigma = 0.637* FWHM.  CNTRD will prompt
               for FWHM if not supplied

  OUTPUTS:   
       XCEN - the computed X centroid position, same number of points as X
       YCEN - computed Y centroid position, same number of points as Y

       Values for XCEN and YCEN will not be computed if the computed
       centroid falls outside of the box, or if the computed derivatives
       are non-decreasing.   If the centroid cannot be computed, then a 
       message is displayed and XCEN and YCEN are set to -1.

  OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORDS:
       /SILENT - Normally CNTRD prints an error message if it is unable
               to compute the centroid.   Set /SILENT to suppress this.
       /DEBUG - If this keyword is set, then CNTRD will display the subarray
               it is using to compute the centroid.

  PROCEDURE: 
       Maximum pixel within distance from input pixel X, Y  determined 
       from FHWM is found and used as the center of a square, within 
       which the centroid is computed as the value (XCEN,YCEN) at which 
       the derivatives of the partial sums of the input image over (y,x)
       with respect to (x,y) = 0.

  MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written 2/25/86, by J. K. Hill, S.A.S.C., following
       algorithm used by P. Stetson in DAOPHOT.
       Allowed input vectors        G. Hennessy       April,  1992
       Fixed to prevent wrong answer if floating pt. X & Y supplied
               W. Landsman        March, 1993
       Convert byte, integer subimages to float  W. Landsman  May 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Better checking of edge of frame David Hogg October 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cntrd.pro)


COMPARE_STRUCT

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 NAME:
	COMPARE_STRUCT  
 PURPOSE:
	Compare all matching tag names and return differences
 EXPLANATION:
 	Compare all matching Tags names (except for "except_Tags")
	between two structure arrays (may be different struct.defs.),
	and return a structured List of fields found different.
 CATEGORY:
			Structures
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	diff_List = compare_struct( struct_A, struct_B )
 INPUTS:
	struct_A, struct_B : the two structure arrays to compare.
	Struct_Name : for internal recursion use only.
 KeyWords:
		EXCEPT = string array of Tag names to ignore (NOT to compare).
		/BRIEF = number of differences found for each matching field
						of two structures is printed.
		/FULL = option to print even if zero differences found.
		/RECUR_A = option to search for Tag names
				in sub-structures of struct_A,
				and then call compare_struct recursively
				for those nested sub-structures.
		/RECUR_B = search for sub-structures of struct_B,
				and then call compare_struct recursively
				for those nested sub-structures.
	Note:
		compare_struct is automatically called recursively
		for those nested sub-structures in both	struct_A and struct_B
		(otherwise cannot take difference)
 OUTPUT:
	Returns a structure array describing differences found,
	which can be examined using print,diff_List or help,/st,diff_List.
 PROCEDURE:
	Match Tag names and then use where function on tags.
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	written 1990 Frank Varosi STX @ NASA/GSFC (using copy_struct)
	modif Aug.90 by F.V. to check and compare same # of elements only.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/compare_struct.pro)


CONCAT_DIR

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 NAME:   
       CONCAT_DIR
               
 PURPOSE:     
       To concatenate directory and file names for current OS.
 EXPLANATION:
       The given file name is appended to the given directory name with the 
       format appropriate to the current operating system.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:               
       result = concat_dir( directory, file) 

 INPUTS:
       directory  - the directory path (string)
       file       - the basic file name and extension (string)
                                   can be an array of filenames.

 OUTPUTS:     
       The function returns the concatenated string.  If the file input
       is a string array then the output will be a string array also.
               
 EXAMPLES:         
       IDL> pixfile = concat_dir('$DIR_GIS_MODEL','pixels.dat')

       IDL> file = ['f1.dat','f2.dat','f3.dat']
       IDL> dir = '$DIR_NIS_CAL'
       IDL> f = concat_dir(dir,file)

 RESTRICTIONS: 
       Assumes Unix type format if os is not vms, MacOS or Windows.
               
       The version of CONCAT_DIR available at 
       http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/solarsoft/gen/idl/system/concat_dir.pro
       includes additional VMS-specific keywords.

 CATEGORY    
        Utilities, Strings
               
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Prev Hist. : Yohkoh routine by M. Morrison
       Written     : CDS version by C D Pike, RAL, 19/3/93
       Version     : Version 1  19/3/93
       Documentation modified Nov-94   W. Landsman 
       Add V4.0 support for Windows    W. Landsman   Aug 95
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Changed loops to long integer   W. Landsman   December 1998
       Added Mac support, translate Windows environment variables, 
       & treat case where dirname ends in '/' W. Landsman  Feb. 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/concat_dir.pro)


CONS_DEC

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 NAME:
       CONS_DEC
 PURPOSE:
       Obtain the X and Y coordinates of a line of constant declination
 EXPLANATION:
       Returns a set of Y pixels values, given an image with tangent projection
       astrometry, and either
       (1)  A set of X pixel values, and a scalar declination value, or
       (2)  A set of declination values, and a scalar X value

       Form (1) can be used to find the (X,Y) values of a line of constant
       declination.  Form (2) can be used to find the Y positions of a set
       declinations, along a line of constant X.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       Y = CONS_DEC( DEC, X, CD, ASTR, [ ALPHA ])

 INPUTS:
       DEC - Declination value(s) in DEGREES (-!PI/2 < DEC < !PI/2).  
               If X is a vector, then DEC must be a scalar.
       X -   Specified X pixel value(s) for line of constant declination 
               If DEC is a vector, then X must be a scalar.
       ASTR - Astrometry structure, as extracted from a FITS header by the
               procedure EXTAST
 OUTPUT:
       Y   - Computed set of Y pixel values.  The number of Y values is the
               same as either DEC or X, whichever is greater.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       ALPHA - the right ascensions (DEGREES) associated with the (X,Y) points

 RESTRICTIONS:
       Implemented only for the TANgent and SIN projections

 NOTES:
       The algorithm (and notation) is based on AIPS Memo 27 by Eric Greisen,
       with modifications for a coordinate description (CD) matrix as 
       described in Paper II of Greisen & Calabretta (2000, A&A, in press).
       These documents are available from 
       http://fits.cv.nrao.edu/documents/wcs/wcs.html

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written, Wayne Landsman  STX Co.                          April 1988
       Use new astrometry structure,     W. Landsman    HSTX     Jan. 1994
       Use CD matrix, add SIN projection   W. Landsman  HSTX     April, 1996
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Fix case where DEC is scalar, X is vector   W. Landsman RITSS Feb. 2000
       Fix possible sign error introduced Jan. 2000   W. Landsman  May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cons_dec.pro)


CONS_RA

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 NAME:
       CONS_RA
 PURPOSE:
       Obtain the X and Y coordinates of a line of constant right ascension
 EXPLANATION:
       Return a set of X pixel values given an image with astrometry, 
       and either
       (1) a set of Y pixel values, and a scalar right ascension, or
       (2) a set of right ascension values, and a scalar Y value.

       In usage (1), CONS_RA can be used to determine the (X,Y) values
       of a line of constant right ascension.  In usage (2), CONS_RA can
       used to determine the X positions of specified RA values, along a
       line of constant Y.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       X = CONS_RA( RA, Y, ASTR, [ DEC] )

 INPUTS:         
       RA -  Right Ascension value in DEGREES (0 < RA < 360.).  If Y is a
               vector, then RA must be a scalar
       Y -   Specified Y pixel value(s) for line of constant right ascension
               If RA is a vector, then Y must be a scalar
       ASTR - Astrometry structure as extracted from a FITS header by the 
               procedure EXTAST
 OUTPUTS
       X   - Computed set of X pixel values.   The number of elements of X
               is the maximum of the number of elements of RA and Y.
 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       DEC - Computed set of declinations (in DEGREES) for X,Y, coordinates
 NOTES:
       The algorithm (and notation) is based on AIPS Memo 27 by Eric Greisen,
       with modifications for a coordinate description (CD) matrix as 
       described in Paper II of Greisen & Calabretta (2000, A&A, in press).
       These documents are available from 
       http://fits.cv.nrao.edu/documents/wcs/wcs.html

 RESTRICTIONS:
       Implemented only for the TANgent and SIN projections 

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written, Wayne Landsman  STX Co.        April, 1988
       Algorithm adapted from AIPS memo No. 27 by Eric Griessen
       New astrometry structure
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added SIN projection    W. Landsman   January 2000
       Fix possible sign error introduced Jan. 2000   W. Landsman  May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cons_ra.pro)


CONVOLVE

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 NAME:
	CONVOLVE
 PURPOSE:
	Convolution of an image with a Point Spread Function (PSF)
 EXPLANATION:
	The default is to compute the convolution using a product of 
	Fourier transforms (for speed).

 CALLING SEQUENCE:

	imconv = convolve( image1, psf, FT_PSF = psf_FT )
  or:
	correl = convolve( image1, image2, /CORREL )
  or:
	correl = convolve( image, /AUTO )

 INPUTS:
	image = 2-D array (matrix) to be convolved with psf
	psf = the Point Spread Function, (size < or = to size of image).

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:

	FT_PSF = passes out/in the Fourier transform of the PSF,
		(so that it can be re-used the next time function is called).
	FT_IMAGE = passes out/in the Fourier transform of image.

	/CORRELATE uses the conjugate of the Fourier transform of PSF,
		to compute the cross-correlation of image and PSF,
		(equivalent to IDL function convol() with NO rotation of PSF)

	/AUTO_CORR computes the auto-correlation function of image using FFT.

	/NO_FT overrides the use of FFT, using IDL function convol() instead.
		(then PSF is rotated by 180 degrees to give same result)
 METHOD:
	When using FFT, PSF is centered & expanded to size of image.
 HISTORY:
	written, Frank Varosi, NASA/GSFC 1992.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/convolve.pro)


CONV_STSDAS

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 NAME:
	CONV_STSDAS
 PURPOSE:
	Convert internal format of an STSDAS image to host machine architecture
 EXPLANATION:
	Converts the internal format of an STSDAS image (.hhh and .hhd file)
	to the host machine architecture.     Useful for copying STSDAS files
	between different machines.     If the host is not a VMS machine, then
	by default CONV_STSDAS assumes the image originated on VMS.   If the
	host is VMS, then CONV_STSDAS assumes that the image originated on
	an IEEE machine (e.g. SparcStation).

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	CONV_STSDAS, sdas_name, [ /FROM_IEEE]

 INPUTS:
	sdas_name - scalar string giving name of the STSDAS image
		CONV_STSDAS assumes a default header extension of .hhh -- 
		otherwise the header extension should be included in sdas_name.
		The internal format of the file will be modified by CONV_STSDAS.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
	/FROM_IEEE - On little endian machines (OSF, windows) this keyword
		indicates that the STSDAS file originated on an IEEE machine
		(e.g SparcStation) rather than a VMS machine

 EXAMPLE:
	Suppose files test.hhd and test.hhh have been copied with FTP from
	a Vax to a Sparcstation.   Convert these files to the SparcStation
	internal format.

	IDL> conv_stsdas, 'test'

 METHOD:
	CONV_STSDAS reads each group image and parameter block and uses 
	IEEE_TO_HOST or CONV_VAX_UNIX to convert the internal format.   The
	converted images and parameter blocks are written back to the orginal
	file.

 PROCEDURE CALLS
	sxopen, fdecomp, datatype(), sxgpar(), ieee_to_host, conv_vax_unix()

 NOTES:
	(1)  When copying STSDAS files to VMS, be sure the .hhh file is 
		formatted as fixed block 80 byte.
	(2)  CONV_STSDAS has no way of knowing if a file really came from
		a different machine architecture.    If it is applied to a file
		that already has the correct internal format, then CONV_STSDAS
		will "convert" this file and corrupt the internal format.
	(3)  Note that CONV_STSDAS currently does not support conversion *from*
		a little-endian machine (OSF, windows)		

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written   W. Landsman                     January, 1993
	Don't require .hhh extension		April, 1993
	Increase speed by calling SXGINFO	May, 1993
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/conv_stsdas.pro)


CONV_UNIX_VAX

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 NAME:
      CONV_UNIX_VAX
 PURPOSE:
      To convert Unix IDL data types to Vax IDL data types. 
 EXPLANATION:
      CONV_UNIX_VAX assumes the Unix IDL data type is IEEE standard in either
      big-endian or little-endian format.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      CONV_UNIX_VAX, variable, [ SOURCE_ARCH = ]

 PARAMETERS:
      variable - The data variable to be converted.  This may be a scalar
            or an array.  Valid datatypes are integer, longword,
            floating point, and double precision. The result of the 
            conversion is passed back in the original variable.
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:  
      SOURCE_ARCH = name (string) of source architecture
            if using this function on a VAX, otherwise
            !VERSION.ARCH is used to determine the conversion.
            **If run on a VAX, the default is to assume the source to be
            a little-endian machine with IEEE floating point
            (e.g. MIPSEL or Alpha***).
 RESTRICTIONS:
      Requires that data be from IEEE standard Unix machines
      (e.g. SUN, MIPSEL, or Alpha).
 EXAMPLE:
      Read a 100 by 100 matrix of floating point numbers from a data
      file created on a Sun.  Then convert the matrix values into
      VAX format.

      IDL> openr,1,'vax_float.dat
      IDL> data = fltarr(100,100)
      IDL> forrd,1,data
      IDL> CONV_UNIX_VAX,data,SOURCE_ARCH='sparc'

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
      Version 1      By John Hoegy            13-Jun-88
      04-May-90 - WTT:  Created CONV_UNIX_VAX from VAX2SUN,
                         reversing floating point procedure.
       Modified  P. Keegstra             September 1994
           Implemented MIPSEL and ALPHA architecture,
           distinguishing VMS and OSF
       Modified  P. Keegstra             February 1995
           Added 386 PC based architectures
       If since V5.1 then VMS is always little endian    June 1998
       Convert to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman                 June 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/conv_unix_vax.pro)


CONV_VAX_UNIX

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 NAME:
      CONV_VAX_UNIX     
 PURPOSE:
      To convert VAX IDL data types to UNIX (Sun,MIPS,etc.) IDL data types.
 EXPLANTION:
      Generally used on non-Vax machines to parse data created on Vaxes.
      The architecture is obtained from IDL sys.var. !VERSION.ARCH.   

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      var_unix = conv_vax_unix( var_vax, [TARGET_ARCH = ] )

 INPUT PARAMETER:
      var_vax - The data variable to be converted.  This may be a scalar
            or an array.  All IDL datatypes are valid (including 
            structures).   The result of the conversion is returned by the
            function.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:  
      TARGET_ARCH = name (string) of desired target architecture
            (e.g. 'sparc' or 'mipsel').    If not supplied, then 
            !VERSION.ARCH is used to determine the target architecture.
            Note that CONV_VAX_UNIX will leave variables unchanged on a
            VMS machine, unless the TARGET_ARCH keyword is set.
            
 EXAMPLE:
      Read a 100 by 100 matrix of floating point numbers from a data
      file created on a VAX.  Then convert the matrix values into Sun format.

      IDL> openr,1,'vax_float.dat'
      IDL> data = fltarr(100,100)
      IDL> readu,1,data
      IDL> data = conv_vax_unix( data )
 NOTE:
       Prior to IDL V5.1, the architecture "alpha" was ambiguous, since VMS 
       alpha IDL used VAX D-float while OSF/1 alpha IDL uses little-endian 
       IEEE.    The program uses !VERSION.OS to do the right thing when
       converting to a representation appropriate for the current
       platform.  To convert to a representation appropriate for
       an OSF/1 alpha on a VAX or (pre V5.1) VMS alpha, please specify
       the "mipsel" (or "i386") architecture.      

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written   F. Varosi               August 1990
       Modified  P. Keegstra             April 1992
           Implemented MIPSEL architecture
       Modified  P. Keegstra             July 1994
           Implemented ALPHA architecture, distinguishing VMS and OSF
       Modified  P. Keegstra             February 1995
           Added 386 PC based architectures
       Modified  P. Keegstra             March 1995
           Added note, restored and fixed old specifiers 
           for 386 PC based architectures
      Modified W. Landsman for VAX problems in V4.0        August 1995
      Work for double complex variables                    August 1995
      Remove informational messages under VMS              August 1997
      Since V5.1, IDL VMS uses little endian IEEE          June 1998
      Convert to IDL V5.0                                  June 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/conv_vax_unix.pro)


COPY_STRUCT

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 NAME:
	COPY_STRUCT
 PURPOSE:
 	Copy all fields with matching tag names from one structure to another
 EXPLANATION
	Fields with matching tag names are copied from one structure array to 
	another structure array of different type.
	This allows copying of tag values when equating the structures of
	different types is not allowed, or when not all tags are to be copied.
	Can also recursively copy from/to structures nested within structures.
	Note that the number of elements in the output structure array
	is automatically adjusted to equal the length of input structure array.
	If this not desired then use pro copy_struct_inx which allows
	specifying via subscripts which elements are copied where in the arrays.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:

	copy_struct, struct_From, struct_To, NT_copied
	copy_struct, struct_From, struct_To, EXCEPT=["image","misc"]
	copy_struct, struct_From, struct_To, /RECUR_TANDEM

 INPUTS:
	struct_From = structure array to copy from.
	struct_To = structure array to copy values to.

 KEYWORDS:

	EXCEPT_TAGS = string array of tag names to ignore (to NOT copy).
		Used at all levels of recursion.

	SELECT_TAGS = tag names to copy (takes priority over EXCEPT).
		This keyword is not passed to recursive calls in order
		to avoid the confusion of not copying tags in sub-structures.

	/RECUR_FROM = search for sub-structures in struct_From, and then
		call copy_struct recursively for those nested structures.

	/RECUR_TO = search for sub-structures of struct_To, and then
		call copy_struct recursively for those nested structures.

	/RECUR_TANDEM = call copy_struct recursively for the sub-structures
		with matching Tag names in struct_From and struct_To
		(for use when Tag names match but sub-structure types differ).

 OUTPUTS:
	struct_To = structure array to which new tag values are copied.
	NT_copied = incremented by total # of tags copied (optional)

 INTERNAL:
	Recur_Level = # of times copy_struct calls itself.
		This argument is for internal recursive execution only.
		The user call is 1, subsequent recursive calls increment it,
		and the counter is decremented before returning.
		The counter is used just to find out if argument checking
		should be performed, and to set NT_copied = 0 first call.
 EXTERNAL CALLS:
	pro match	(when keyword SELECT_TAGS is specified)
 PROCEDURE:
	Match Tag names and then use corresponding Tag numbers.
 HISTORY:
	written 1989 Frank Varosi STX @ NASA/GSFC
 	mod Jul.90 by F.V. added option to copy sub-structures RECURSIVELY.
	mod Aug.90 by F.V. adjust # elements in TO (output) to equal
			# elements in FROM (input) & count # of fields copied.
	mod Jan.91 by F.V. added Recur_Level as internal argument so that
			argument checking done just once, to avoid confusion.
			Checked against Except_Tags in RECUR_FROM option.
	mod Oct.91 by F.V. added option SELECT_TAGS= selected field names.
	mod Aug.95 by W. Landsman to fix match of a single selected tag.
	mod Mar.97 by F.V. do not pass the SELECT_TAGS keyword in recursion.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/copy_struct.pro)


COPY_STRUCT_INX

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 NAME:
	COPY_STRUCT_INX
 PURPOSE:
	Copy matching tags & specified indices from one structure to another
 EXPLANATION:
 	Copy all fields with matching tag names (except for "except_Tags")
	from one structure array to another structure array of different type.
	This allows copying of tag values when equating the structures of
	different types is not allowed, or when not all tags are to be copied.
	Can also recursively copy from/to structures nested within structures.
	This procedure is same as copy_struct with option to
	specify indices (subscripts) of which array elements to copy from/to.
 CALLING SEQUENCE:

	copy_struct_inx, struct_From, struct_To, NT_copied, INDEX_FROM=subf

	copy_struct_inx, struct_From, struct_To, INDEX_FROM=subf, INDEX_TO=subto

 INPUTS:
	struct_From = structure array to copy from.
	struct_To = structure array to copy values to.

 KEYWORDS:

	INDEX_FROM = indices (subscripts) of which elements of array to copy.
		(default is all elements of input structure array)

	INDEX_TO = indices (subscripts) of which elements to copy to.
		(default is all elements of output structure array)

	EXCEPT_TAGS = string array of Tag names to ignore (to NOT copy).
		Used at all levels of recursion.

	SELECT_TAGS = Tag names to copy (takes priority over EXCEPT).
		This keyword is not passed to recursive calls in order
		to avoid the confusion of not copying tags in sub-structures.

	/RECUR_FROM = search for sub-structures in struct_From, and then
		call copy_struct recursively for those nested structures.

	/RECUR_TO = search for sub-structures of struct_To, and then
		call copy_struct recursively for those nested structures.

	/RECUR_TANDEM = call copy_struct recursively for the sub-structures
		with matching Tag names in struct_From and struct_To
		(for use when Tag names match but sub-structure types differ).

 OUTPUTS:
	struct_To = structure array to which new tag values are copied.
	NT_copied = incremented by total # of tags copied (optional)

 INTERNAL:
	Recur_Level = # of times copy_struct_inx calls itself.
		This argument is for internal recursive execution only.
		The user call is 1, subsequent recursive calls increment it,
		and the counter is decremented before returning.
		The counter is used just to find out if argument checking
		should be performed, and to set NT_copied = 0 first call.
 EXTERNAL CALLS:
	pro match	(when keyword SELECT_TAGS is specified)
 PROCEDURE:
	Match Tag names and then use corresponding Tag numbers,
	apply the sub-indices during = and recursion.
 HISTORY:
	adapted from copy_struct: 1991 Frank Varosi STX @ NASA/GSFC
	mod Aug.95 by F.V. to fix match of a single selected tag.
	mod Mar.97 by F.V. do not pass the SELECT_TAGS keyword in recursion,
		and check validity of INDEX_FROM and INDEX_TO in more detail.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/copy_struct_inx.pro)


CORREL_IMAGES

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 NAME:
	CORREL_IMAGES
 PURPOSE:
       Compute the 2-D cross-correlation function of two images
 EXPLANATION:
       Computes the 2-D cross-correlation function of two images for
       a range of (x,y) shifting by pixels of one image relative to the other.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       Result = CORREL_IMAGES( image_A, image_B, 
                        [XSHIFT=, YSHIFT=, XOFFSET_B=, YOFFSET_B=, REDUCTION=, 
                        MAGNIFICATION=, /NUMPIX, /MONITOR  )

 INPUTS:
       image_A, image_B = the two images of interest.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       XSHIFT = the + & - shift to be applied in X direction, default=7.
       YSHIFT = the Y direction + & - shifting, default=7.

       XOFFSET_B = initial X pixel offset of image_B relative to image_A.
       YOFFSET_B = Y pixel offset, defaults are (0,0).

       REDUCTION = optional reduction factor causes computation of
                       Low resolution correlation of bin averaged images,
                       thus faster. Can be used to get approximate optimal
                       (x,y) offset of images, and then called for successive
                       lower reductions in conjunction with CorrMat_Analyze
                       until REDUCTION=1, getting offset up to single pixel.

       MAGNIFICATION = option causes computation of high resolution correlation
                       of magnified images, thus much slower.
                       Shifting distance is automatically = 2 + Magnification,
                       and optimal pixel offset should be known and specified.
                       Optimal offset can then be found to fractional pixels
                       using CorrMat_Analyze( correl_images( ) ).

       /NUMPIX - if set, causes the number of pixels for each correlation
                       to be saved in a second image, concatenated to the
                       correlation image, so Result is fltarr( Nx, Ny, 2 ).
       /MONITOR causes the progress of computation to be briefly printed.

 OUTPUTS:
       Result is the cross-correlation function, given as a matrix.

 PROCEDURE:
       Loop over all possible (x,y) shifts, compute overlap and correlation
       for each shift. Correlation set to zero when there is no overlap.

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written, July,1991, Frank Varosi, STX @ NASA/GSFC
       Use ROUND instead of NINT, June 1995, Wayne Landsman HSTX
       Avoid divide by zero errors, W. Landsman HSTX April 1996
	Remove use of !DEBUG    W. Landsman   June 1997
       Subtract mean of entire image before computing correlation, not just 
          mean of overlap region   H. Ebeling/W. Landsman   June 1998
       

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/correl_images.pro)


CORREL_OPTIMIZE

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 NAME:
	CORREL_OPTIMIZE

 PURPOSE:
	Find the optimal (x,y) pixel offset of image_B relative to image_A
 EXPLANATION"
	Optimal offset is computed by means of maximizing the correlation 
	function of the two images.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	CORREL_OPTIMIZE, image_A, image_B, xoffset_optimum, yoffset_optimum 
		[ XOFF_INIT=, YOFF_INIT=, MAGNIFICATION=, /PRINT, /NUMPIX, 
		  /MONITOR, PLATEAU_THRESH=  ]

 INPUTS:
	image_A, image_B = the two images of interest.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	XOFF_INIT = initial X pixel offset of image_B relative to image_A,
	YOFF_INIT = Y pixel offset, (default offsets are 0 and 0).
	MAGNIFICATION = option to determine offsets up to fractional pixels,
			(example: MAG=2 means 1/2 pixel accuracy, default=1).
	/NUMPIX: sqrt( sqrt( # pixels )) used as correlation weighting factor.
	/MONITOR causes the progress of computation to be briefly printed.
	/PRINT causes the results of analysis to be printed.
	PLATEAU_THRESH = threshold used for detecting plateaus in 
		the cross-correlation matrix near maximum, (default=0.01),
		used only if MAGNIFICATION > 1.    Decrease this value for
		high signal-to-noise data

 OUTPUTS:
	xoffset_optimum = optimal X pixel offset of image_B relative to image_A.
	yoffset_optimum = optimal Y pixel offset.

 CALLS:
	function  correl_images( image_A, image_B )
	pro  corrmat_analyze

 PROCEDURE:
	The combination of function correl_images( image_A, image_B ) and
	corrmat_analyze of the result is used to obtain the (x,y) offset
	yielding maximal correlation. The combination is first executed at
	large REDUCTION factors to speed up computation, then zooming in 
	recursively on the optimal (x,y) offset by factors of 2.
	Finally, the MAGNIFICATION option (if specified)
	is executed to determine the (x,y) offset up to fractional pixels.
	
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	Written, July,1991, Frank Varosi, STX @ NASA/GSFC
	Added PLATEAU_THRESH keyword  June 1997,  Wayne Landsman  STX   
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/correl_optimize.pro)


CORRMAT_ANALYZE

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 NAME:
	CORRMAT_ANALYZE 
 PURPOSE:
	Find the optimal (x,y) offset to maximize correlation of 2 images
 EXPLANATION:
	Analyzes the 2-D cross-correlation function of two images
	and finds the optimal(x,y) pixel offsets.
	Intended for use with function CORREL_IMAGES.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	corrmat_analyze, correl_mat, xoffset_optimum, yoffset_optimum, 
		max_corr, edge, plateau, [XOFF_INIT=, YOFF_INIT=, REDUCTION=, 
		MAGNIFICATION=, PLATEAU_THRESH=, /PRINT]

 INPUTS:
	correl_mat = the cross-correlation matrix of 2 images.
			(as computed by function CORREL_IMAGES( imA, imB ) ).

 NOTE:
	If correl_mat(*,*,1) is the number of pixels for each correlation,
	(the case when /NUMPIX was specified in call to CORREL_IMAGES)
	then sqrt( sqrt( # pixels )) is used as correlation weighting factor.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	XOFF_INIT = initial X pixel offset of image_B relative to image_A.
	YOFF_INIT = Y pixel offset, (both as specified to correl_images).
	REDUCTION = reduction factor used in call to CORREL_IMAGES.
	MAGNIFICATION = magnification factor used in call to CORREL_IMAGES,
		this allows determination of offsets up to fractions of a pixel.
	PLATEAU_THRESH = threshold used for detecting plateaus in 
		the cross-correlation matrix near maximum, (default=0.01),
		used only if MAGNIFICATION > 1
	/PRINT causes the result of analysis to be printed.

 OUTPUTS:
	xoffset_optimum = optimal X pixel offset of image_B relative to image_A.
	yoffset_optimum = optimal Y pixel offset.
	max_corr = the maximal correlation corresponding to optimal offset.
	edge = 1 if maximum is at edge of correlation domain, otherwise=0.
	plateau = 1 if maximum is in a plateua of correlation function, else=0.

 PROCEDURE:
	Find point of maximum cross-correlation and calc. corresponding offsets.
	If MAGNIFICATION > 1:
	the  correl_mat is checked for plateau near maximum, and if found,
	the center of plateau is taken as point of maximum cross-correlation.

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	Written, July-1991, Frank Varosi, STX @ NASA/GSFC
	Use ROUND instead of NINT, June 1995 Wayne Landsman HSTX
	Remove use of non-standard !DEBUG system variable   W.L. HSTX 
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/corrmat_analyze.pro)


COSMO_PARAM

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 NAME:
     COSMO_PARAM
 PURPOSE:
     Derive full set of cosmological density parameters from a partial set
 EXPLANATION:
     This procedure is called by LUMDIST and GALAGE to allow the user a choice
     in defining any two of four cosmological density parameters.

     Given any two of the four input parameters -- (1) the normalized matter 
     density Omega_m (2) the normalized cosmolgical constant, Omega_lambda (2) the normalized 
     curvature term, Omega_k and (4) the deceleration parameter q0 --  this 
     program will derive the remaining two.     Here "normalized" means divided by the closure
     density so that Omega_m + Omega_lambda + Omega_k = 1.    For a more
     precise definition see Caroll, Press, & Turner (1992, ArAA, 30, 499).     

     If less than two parameters are defined, this procedure sets default 
     values of Omega_k=0 (flat space), Omega_lambda = 0.7, Omega_m = 0.3
     and q0 = -0.5
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       COSMO_PARAM, Omega_m, Omega_lambda, Omega_k, q0

 INPUT-OUTPUTS:
     Omega_M - normalized matter energy density, non-negative numeric scalar
     Omega_Lambda - Normalized cosmological constant, numeric scalar
     Omega_k - normalized curvature parmeter, numeric scalar.   This is zero
               for a flat universe
     q0 - Deceleration parameter, numeric scalar = -R*(R'')/(R')^2
          = 0.5*Omega_m - Omega_lambda
 NOTES:
     If more than two parameters are defined upon input (overspecification), 
     then the first two defined parameters in the ordered list Omega_m, 
     Omega_lambda, Omega_k, q0 are used to define the cosmology.
 EXAMPLE:
     Suppose one has Omega_m = 0.3, and Omega_k = 0.5 then to determine
     Omega_lambda and q0
    
       IDL> cosmo_param, 0.3, omega_lambda, 0.5, q0
   
       which will return omega_lambda = 0.2 and q0 = -2.45
 REVISION HISTORY:
       W. Landsman         Raytheon ITSS         April 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cosmo_param.pro)


CREATE_STRUCT

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 NAME:
       CREATE_STRUCT
 PURPOSE:
       Create an IDL structure from a list of tag names and dimensions
 EXPLANATION:
       Dynamically create an IDL structure variable from list of tag names 
       and data types of arbitrary dimensions.   Useful when the type of
       structure needed is not known until run time.

       Unlike the intrinsic function CREATE_STRUCT(), this procedure does not
       require the user to know the number of tags before run time.   (Note
       there is no name conflict since the intrinsic CREATE_STRUCT is a 
       function, and this file contains a procedure.)
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       CREATE_STRUCT, STRUCT, strname, tagnames, tag_descript, 
                             [ DIMEN = , /CHATTER, /NODELETE ]

 INPUTS:
       STRNAME -   name to be associated with structure (string)
               Must be unique for each structure created.   Set
               STRNAME = '' to create an anonymous structure

       TAGNAMES -  tag names for structure elements
               (string or string array)

       TAG_DESCRIPT -  String descriptor for the structure, containing the
               tag type and dimensions.  For example, 'A(2),F(3),I', would
               be the descriptor for a structure with 3 tags, strarr(2), 
               fltarr(3) and Integer scalar, respectively.
               Allowed types are 'A' for strings, 'B' or 'L' for unsigned byte 
               integers, 'I' for integers, 'J' for longword integers, 
               'F' or 'E' for floating point, 'D' for double precision
               'C' for complex, and 'M' for double complex
               Uninterpretable characters in a format field are ignored.

               For vectors, the tag description can also be specified by
               a repeat count.  For example, '16E,2J' would specify a 
               structure with two tags, fltarr(16), and lonarr(2)

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
       DIMEN -    number of dimensions of structure array (default is 1)

       CHATTER -  If /CHATTER is set, then CREATE_STRUCT will display
                  the dimensions of the structure to be created, and prompt
                  the user whether to continue.  Default is no prompt.

       NODELETE - If /NODELETE is set, then the temporary file created
                  CREATE_STRUCT will not be deleted upon exiting.   See below

 OUTPUTS:
       STRUCT -   IDL structure, created according to specifications 

 EXAMPLES: 

       IDL> create_struct, new, 'name',['tag1','tag2','tag3'], 'D(2),F,A(1)'

       will create a structure variable new, with structure name NAME

       To see the structure of new:

       IDL> help,new,/struc
       ** Structure NAME, 3 tags, 20 length:
          TAG1            DOUBLE         Array(2)
          TAG2            FLOAT          0.0
          TAG3            STRING         Array(1)

 PROCEDURE:
       Generates a temporary procedure file using input information with
       the desired structure data types and dimensions hard-coded.
       This file is then executed with CALL_PROCEDURE.

 NOTES:
       If CREATE_STRUCT cannot write a temporary .pro file in the current 
       directory, then it will write the temporary file in the getenv('HOME')
       directory.

       At present, can fail if a tag_name cannot be used as a proper
       structure component definition, e.g., '0.10' will not
       work, but a typical string like 'RA' or 'DEC' will.
       A partial workaround checks for characters '\' and '/'
       and '.' and converts them to '_'. in a tag_name.

       Note that 'L' now specifies a LOGICAL (byte) data type and not a
       a LONG data type for consistency with FITS binary tables

 RESTRICTIONS:
       The name of the structure must be unique, for each structure created.
       Otherwise, the new variable will have the same structure as the 
       previous definition (because the temporary procedure will not be
       recompiled).  ** No error message will be generated  ***

 SUBROUTINES CALLED:
       FDECOMP, GETTOK(), REPCHR() 

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Version 1.0 RAS January 1992
       Modified 26 Feb 1992 for Rosat IDL Library (GAR)
       Modified Jun 1992 to accept arrays for tag elements -- KLV, Hughes STX
       Accept anonymous structures W. Landsman  HSTX    Sep. 92
       Accept 'E' and 'J' format specifications   W. Landsman Jan 93
       'L' format now stands for logical and not long array
       Accept repeat format for vectors        W. Landsman Feb 93
       Accept complex and double complex (for V4.0)   W. Landsman Jul 95
       Work for long structure definitions  W. Landsman Aug 97
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Write temporary file in HOME directory if necessary  W. Landsman Jul 98
       Use OPENR,/DELETE for OS-independent file removal W. Landsman Jan 99

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/create_struct.pro)


CR_REJECT

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 NAME:
     CR_REJECT

 PURPOSE:
     General, iterative cosmic ray rejection using two or more input images.

 EXPLANATION:
     Uses a noise model input by the user, rather than
     determining noise empirically from the images themselves.

     The image returned has the combined exposure time of all the input
     images, unless the bias flag is set, in which case the mean is
     returned.  This image is computed by summation (or taking mean)
     regardless of loop and initialization options (see below).

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     cr_reject, input_cube, rd_noise_dn, dark_dn, gain, mult_noise, $
        combined_image, combined_npix, combined_noise

 MODIFIED ARGUMENT:
     input_cube - Cube in which each plane is an input image.
                  If the noise model is used (rd_noise_dn, dark_dn,
                  gain), then input_cube must be in units of DN.
                  If an input noise cube is supplied (rd_noise_dn
                  <0), then the units of input_cube and noise_cube
                  merely need to be consistent.  

                  This array is used as a buffer and its contents 
                  are not guaranteed on output (although for now, 
                  weighting=0 with /restore_sky should give you back 
                  your input unaltered).

 INPUT ARGUMENTS:
     rd_noise_dn - Read noise per pixel.  Units are DN.
                   If negative, then the user supplies an error cube
                   via the keyword noise_cube.  In the latter case,
                   mult_noise still applies, since it is basically a fudge.
     dark_dn     - Dark rate in DN per pixel per s.  This can be a scalar,
                   or it can be a dark image divided by the exposure
                   time.
     gain        - Electrons per DN.
     mult_noise  - Coefficient for multiplicative noise term -- helps
                   account for differing PSFs or subpixel image shifts.

 INPUT KEYWORDS:
     exptime    - If the images have different exposure times, pass
                  them in a vector.  You can leave this off for 
                  frames with the same exposure time, but dark counts
                  won't be treated correctly.
     verbose    - If set, lots of output.
     nsig       - Rejection limit in units of pixel-to-pixel noise
                  (sigma) on each input image.  Can be specified as
                  an array, in which case the dimension gives the
                  maximum number of iterations to run.  (Default = 
                  [8, 6, 4]
     dilation   - With dfactor, provides functionality similar to the
                  expansion of the CR with pfactor and radius in STSDAS 
                  crrej.  Dilate gives the size of the border to be
                  tested around each initially detected CR pixel.
                  E.g., dilate=1 searches a 9 X 9 area centered on the
                  original pixel.  If dfactor is set, the default is 1.
     dfactor    - See dilation.  This parameter is equivalent to pfactor
                  in STSDAS crrej.  The current threshold for rejection
                  is multiplied by this factor when doing the search
                  with the dilated mask.  If dilation is set, the default
                  for this parameter is 0.5.
     bias       - Set if combining biases (divides through by number
                  of images at end, since exposure time is 0).
     tracking_set - Subscripts of pixels to be followed through the 
                    computation.
     noskyadjust  - Sky not to be subtracted before rejection tests.  Default
                  is to do the subtraction.
     xmedsky    - Flag.  If set, the sky is computed as a 1-d array
                  which is a column-by-column median.  This is intended
                  for STIS slitless spectra.  If sky adjustment is
                  disabled, this keyword has no effect.
     input_mask - Mask cube input by the user.  Should be byte data
                  because it's boolean.  1 means use the pixel,
                  and 0 means reject the pixel - these rejections
                  are in addition to those done by the CR rejection
                  algorithm as such.

     The following keywords control how the current guess at a CR-free
     "check image" is recomputed on each iteration:

     median_loop  - If set, the check image for each iteration is
                    the pixel-by-pixel median. THE MEAN IS
                    RETURNED in combined_image even if you set
                    this option.  (Default is mean_loop.)
     minimum_loop - If set, the check image for each iteration is
                    the pixel-by-pixel minimum. THE MEAN IS
                    RETURNED in combined_image even if you set
                    this option.  (Default is mean_loop.)
     mean_loop    - If set, the check image for each iteration is
                    the pixel-by-pixel mean.  (Same as the default.)
     noclearmask  - By default, the mask of CR flags is reset before
                    every iteration, and a pixel that has been
                    rejected has a chance to get back in the game
                    if the average migrates toward its value.  If this
                    keyword is set, then any rejected pixel stays 
                    rejected in subsequent iterations.  Note that what 
                    stsdas.hst_calib.wfpc.crrej does is the same
                    as the default.  For this procedure, the default
                    was NOT to clear the flags, until 20 Oct. 1997.
     restore_sky  - Flag.  If set, the routine adds the sky back into
                    input_cube before returning.  Works only if
                    weighting=0.
     null_value   - Value to be used for output pixels to which no
                    input pixels contribute.  Default=0
     weighting    - Selects weighting scheme in final image
                    combination:
                     0 (default) - Poissonian weighting - co-add
                         detected DN from non-CR pixels.  (Pixel-by-
                         pixel scaling up to total exposure time,
                         for pixels in stack where some rejected.)
                         Equivalent to exptime weighting of rates.
                     1 or more - Sky and read noise weighting of rates.
                         Computed as weighted average of DN rates,
                         with total exp time multiplied back in
                         afterward.

                    In all cases, the image is returned as a sum in
                    DN with the total exposure time of the image 
                    stack, and with total sky added back in.

     The following keywords allow the initial guess at a CR-free "check
     image" to be of a different kind from the iterative guesses:

     init_med  - If set, the initial check image is
                 the pixel-by-pixel median.  (Not permitted if
                 input_cube has fewer than 3 planes; default is minimum.)
     init_mean - If set, the initial check image is
                 the pixel-by-pixel mean.  (Default is minimum.)    
     init_min  - If set, the initial check image is
                 the pixel-by-pixel minimum.  (Same as the default.)    
  
 OUTPUT ARGUMENTS::
     combined_image - Mean image with CRs removed.
     combined_npix  - Byte (or integer) image of same dimensions as
                      combined_image, with each element containing
                      the number of non-CR stacked pixels that
                      went into the  result.
     combined_noise - Noise in combined image according to noise model
                      or supplied noise cube.

 OUTPUT KEYWORDS:
     mask_cube      - CR masks for each input image.  1 means
                      good pixel; 0 means CR pixel.
     skyvals        - Sky value array.  For an image cube with N planes,
                      this array is fltarr(N) if the sky is a scalar per
                      image plane, and fltarr(XDIM, N), is the XMEDSKY
                      is set.

 INPUT/OUTPUT KEYWORD:
     noise_cube     - Estimated noise in each pixel of input_cube as
                      returned (if rd_noise_dn ge 0), or input noise
                      per pixel of image_cube (if rd_noise_dn lt 0).
     skybox         - X0, X1, Y0, Y1 bounds of image section used
                      to compute sky.  If supplied by user, this 
                      region is used.  If not supplied, the
                      image bounds are returned.  This parameter might
                      be used (for instance) if the imaging area
                      doesn't include the whole chip.

 COMMON BLOCKS:  none

 SIDE EFFECTS:  none

 METHOD: 
     
     COMPARISON WITH STSDAS

     Cr_reject emulates the crrej routine in stsdas.hst_calib.wfpc.
     The two routines have been verified to give identical results
     (except for some pixels along the edge of the image) under the 
     following conditions:

          no sky adjustment
          no dilation of CRs
          initialization of trial image with minimum
          taking mean for each trial image after first (no choice
             in crrej)
     
     Dilation introduces a difference between crrej and this routine
     around the very edge of the image, because the IDL mask
     manipulation routines don't handle the edge the same way as crrej
     does.  Away from the edge, crrej and cr_reject are the same with
     respect to dilation.

     The main difference between crrej and cr_reject is in the sky
     computation.  Cr_reject does a DAOPHOT I sky computation on a 
     subset of pixels grabbed from the image, whereas crrej searches
     for a histogram mode.

     REMARKS ON USAGE

     The default is that the initial guess at a CR-free image is the
     pixel-by-pixel minimum of all the input images.  The pixels
     cut from each component image are the ones more than nsig(0) sigma
     from this minimum image.  The next iteration is based on the
     mean of the cleaned-up component images, and the cut is taken
     at nsig(1) sigma.  The next iteration is also based on the mean with
     the cut taken at nsig(2) sigma.

     The user can specify an arbitrary sequence of sigma cuts, e.g.,
     nsig=[6,2] or nsig=[10,9,8,7].  The user can also specify that
     the initial guess is the median (/init_med) rather than the
     minimum, or even the mean.  The iterated cleaned_up images after
     the first guess can be computed as the mean or the median
     (/mean_loop or /median_loop).  The minimum_loop option is also
     specified, but this is a trivial case, and you wouldn't want
     to use it except perhaps for testing.

     The routine takes into account exposure time if you want it to, 
     i.e., if the pieces of the CR-split aren't exactly the same.
     For bias frames (exposure time 0), set /bias to return the mean
     rather than the total of the cleaned-up component images.

     The crrej pfactor and radius to propagate the detected CRs
     outward from their initial locations have been implemented
     in slightly different form using the IDL DILATE function.

     It is possible to end up with output pixels to which no valid
     input pixels contribute.  These end up with the value
     NULL_VALUE, and the corresponding pixels of combined_npix are
     also returned as 0.  This result can occur when the pixel is
     very noisy across the whole image stack, i.e., if all the
     values are, at any step of the process, far from the stack
     average at that position even after rejecting the real
     outliers.  Because  pixels are flagged symmetrically N sigma
     above and below the  current combined image (see code), all
     the pixels at a given  position can end up getting flagged.
     (At least, that's how I think it happens.)

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
      5 Mar. 1997 - Written.  R. S. Hill
     14 Mar. 1997 - Changed to masking approach to keep better
                    statistics and return CR-affected pixels to user.
                    Option to track subset of pixels added.
                    Dilation of initially detected CRs added.
                    Other small changes.  RSH
     17 Mar. 1997 - Arglist and treatment of exposure times fiddled
                    to mesh better with stis_cr.  RSH
     25 Mar. 1997 - Fixed bug if dilation finds nothing.  RSH
      4 Apr. 1997 - Changed name to cr_reject.  RSH
     15 Apr. 1997 - Restyled with emacs, nothing else done.  RSH
     18 Jun. 1997 - Input noise cube allowed.  RSH
     19 Jun. 1997 - Multiplicative noise deleted from final error.  RSH
     20 Jun. 1997 - Fixed error in using input noise cube.  RSH
     12 July 1997 - Sky adjustment option.  RSH
     27 Aug. 1997 - Dilation kernel made round, not square, and
                    floating-point radius allowed.  RSH
     16 Sep. 1997 - Clearmask added.  Intermediate as well as final
                    mean is exptime weighted.  RSH
     17 Sep. 1997 - Redundant zeroes around dilation kernel trimmed.  RSH
      1 Oct. 1997 - Bugfix in preceding.  RSH
     21 Oct. 1997 - Clearmask changed to noclearmask.  Bug in robust
                    array division fixed (misplaced parens).  Sky as
                    a function of X (option).  RSH
     30 Jan. 1998 - Restore_sky keyword added.  RSH
      5 Feb. 1998 - Quick help corrected and updated.  RSH
      6 Feb. 1998 - Fixed bug in execution sequence for tracking_set 
                    option.  RSH
     18 Mar. 1998 - Eliminated confusing maxiter spec.  Added
                    null_value keyword.  RSH
     15 May  1998 - Input_mask keyword.  RSH
     27 May  1998 - Initialization of minimum image corrected. NRC, RSH
      9 June 1998 - Input mask cube processing corrected.  RSH
     21 Sep. 1998 - Weighting keyword added.  RSH
      7 Oct. 1998 - Fixed bug in input_mask processing (introduced
                    in preceding update).  Input_mask passed to
                    skyadj_cube.  RSH
      5 Mar. 1999 - Force init_min for 2 planes.  RSH
      1 Oct. 1999 - Make sure weighting=1 not given with noise cube.  RSH
      1 Dec. 1999 - Corrections to doc; restore_sky needs weighting=0.  RSH
     17 Mar. 2000 - SKYBOX added.  RSH

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cr_reject.pro)


CSPLINE

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 NAME:
      CSPLINE

 PURPOSE:
      Function to evaluate a natural cubic spline at specified data points
 EXPLANATION:
      Combines the Numerical Recipes functions SPL_INIT and SPL_INTERP

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      result = cspline( x, y, t, [ DERIV = ])

 INPUTS:
      x - vector of spline node positions, must be monotonic increasing or
          decreasing
      y - vector of node values
      t - x-positions at which to evaluate the spline, scalar or vector

 INPUT-OUTPUT KEYWORD:
      DERIV - values of the second derivatives of the interpolating function 
               at the node points.   This is an intermediate step in the 
               computation of the natural spline that requires only the X and 
               Y vectors.    If repeated interpolation is to be applied to 
               the same (X,Y) pair, then some computation time can be saved 
               by supplying the DERIV keyword on each call.   On the first call
               DERIV will be computed and returned on output.    

 OUTPUT:
       the values for positions t are returned as the function value
       If any of the input variables are double precision, then the output will
       also be double precision; otherwise the output is floating point.

 EXAMPLE:                               
       The following uses the example vectors from the SPL_INTERP documentation

       IDL> x = (findgen(21)/20.0)*2.0*!PI ;X vector
       IDL> y = sin(x)                     ;Y vector
       IDL> t = (findgen(11)/11.0)*!PI     ;Values at which to interpolate 
       IDL> plot,x,y,psym=1                ;Plot original grid
       IDL> oplot, t,cspline(x,y,t),psym=2 ;Overplot interpolated values

 METHOD:
      The "Numerical Recipes" implementation of the natural cubic spline is 
      used, by calling the intrinsic IDL functions SPL_INIT and SPL_INTERP.

 HISTORY:
      version 1  D. Lindler  May, 1989
      version 2  W. Landsman April, 1997
      Rewrite using the intrinsic SPL_INIT & SPL_INTERP functions
      Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
      Work for monotonic decreasing X vector    W. Landsman   February 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/cspline.pro)


CT2LST

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 NAME:
     CT2LST
 PURPOSE:
     To convert from Local Civil Time to Local Mean Sidereal Time.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     CT2LST, Lst, Lng, Tz, Time, [Day, Mon, Year] 
                       or
     CT2LST, Lst, Lng, dummy, JD

 INPUTS:
     Lng  - The longitude in degrees (east of Greenwich) of the place for 
            which the local sidereal time is desired, scalar.   The Greenwich 
            mean sidereal time (GMST) can be found by setting Lng = 0.
     Tz  - The time zone of the site in hours.  Use this to easily account 
            for Daylight Savings time (e.g. 4=EDT, 5 = EST/CDT), scalar
            This parameter is not needed (and ignored) if Julian date is 
            supplied.
     Time or JD  - If more than four parameters are specified, then this is 
               the time of day of the specified date in decimal hours.  If 
               exactly four parameters are specified, then this is the 
               Julian date of time in question, scalar or vector

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
      Day -  The day of the month (1-31),integer scalar or vector
      Mon -  The month, in numerical format (1-12), integer scalar or 
      Year - The year (e.g. 1987)

 OUTPUTS:
       Lst   The Local Sidereal Time for the date/time specified in hours.

 RESTRICTIONS:
       If specified, the date should be in numerical form.  The year should
       appear as yyyy.

 PROCEDURE:
       The Julian date of the day and time is question is used to determine
       the number of days to have passed since 0 Jan 2000.  This is used
       in conjunction with the GST of that date to extrapolate to the current
       GST; this is then used to get the LST.    See Astronomical Algorithms
       by Jean Meeus, p. 84 (Eq. 11-4) for the constants used.

 EXAMPLE:
       Find the Greenwich mean sidereal time (GMST) on 1987 April 10, 19h21m UT

       For GMST, we set lng=0, and for UT we set Tz = 0

       IDL> CT2LST, lst, 0, 0,ten(19,21), 10, 4, 1987

               ==> lst =  8.5825249 hours  (= 8h 34m 57.0896s)

       The Web site  http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/sidereal.html contains more
       info on sidereal time, as well as an interactive calculator.
 PROCEDURES USED:
       jdcnv - Convert from year, month, day, hour to julian date

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
     Adapted from the FORTRAN program GETSD by Michael R. Greason, STX, 
               27 October 1988.
     Use IAU 1984 constants Wayne Landsman, HSTX, April 1995, results 
               differ by about 0.1 seconds  
     Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
     Longitudes measured *east* of Greenwich   W. Landsman    December 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ct2lst.pro)


CURS

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 NAME:
	CURS
 PURPOSE:
	Selects an X windows cursor shape
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	curs		;Interactively select a cursor shape.
	curs, sel   	;Make the given CURSOR_STANDARD value the cursor
                        shape.
 OPTIONAL INPUT:
	sel  -  Either an integer giving the CURSOR_STANDARD value (usually an 
		even value between 0 and 152) indicating the cursor shape, or 
		a string from the following menu
	a -- Up arrow              
	b -- Left-angled arrow
	c -- Right-angled arrow
	d -- Crosshair
	e -- Finger pointing left 
	f -- Finger pointing right
	g -- Narrow crosshair
	h -- Cycle through all possible standard cursor shapes
 OUTPUTS:
	None.
 RESTRICTIONS:
	Uses the CURSOR_STANDARD keyword of the DEVICE procedure.  Although 
	this keyword is available under Macintosh and Windows IDL, the values
	used by this procedure are specific to the X windows device.

 PROCEDURE:
	If the user supplies a valid cursor shape value, it is set.  Otherwise,
	an interactive command loop is entered; it will continue until a valid
	value is given.
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	Converted to VAX 3100 workstations / IDL V2.  M. Greason, STX, May 1990.
	Avoid bad cursor parameter values  W. Landsman   February, 1991
	Don't change value of input param        W. Landsman   August 1995
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/curs.pro)


CURVAL

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 NAME:
       CURVAL
 PURPOSE:   
       Cursor controlled display of image intensities and astronomical coords
 EXPLANATION
       CURVAL displays different information depending whether the user 
       supplied an image array, and/or a FITS header array

 CALLING SEQUENCE(S):
       curval          ;Display x,y and byte intensity (inten)
       
       curval, im   ;Display x,y,inten, and also pixel value (from image array)
       
       curval, hdr, [ im, OFFSET = , ZOOM =, FILEIMAGE =]        

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
       Hdr  = FITS Header array
       Im  = Array containing values that are displayed.  Any type.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
      OFFSET - 2 element vector giving the location of the image pixel (0,0) 
               on the window display.   OFFSET can be positive (e.g if the 
               image is centered in a larger window) or negative (e.g. if the
               only the central region of an image much larger than the window
               is being displayed. 
               Default value is [0,0], or no offset.
       ZOOM - Scalar specifying the magnification of the window with respect
               to the image variable.    Use, for example, if image has been
               REBINed before display.
       FILENAME  = name of file to where CURVAL data can be saved.
               Data will only be saved if left or center mouse button
               are pressed.

 OUTPUTS:
       None.

 SIDE EFFECTS:
       X and Y values, etc., of the pixel under the cursor are constantly
       displayed.  
       Pressing left or center mouse button prints a line of output, and 
       starts a new line.
       Pressing right mouse button exits the procedure.
       If the keyword FILENAME is defined, the date and time, and a heading 
       will be printed in the file before the data.

 PROCEDURES CALLED:
       EXTAST, GSSSXYAD, RADEC, SXPAR(), UNZOOM_XY, XY2AD
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written,  K. Rhode,  STX  May 1990
       Added keyword FILENAME  D. Alexander  June 1991
       Don't write to Journal file   W. Landsman    March 1993
       Use astrometry structure  W. Landsman      Feb 1994
       Modified for Mac IDL          I.   Freedman     April 1994
       Allow for zoomed or offset image  W. Landsman      Mar 1996
       Proper rounding of zoomed pixel values   W. Landsman/R. Hurt  Dec. 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 10-Dec-1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/curval.pro)


DAOERF

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 NAME:
	DAOERF
 PURPOSE:         
	Calulates the intensity, and derivatives, of a 2-d Gaussian PSF
 EXPLANATION:
	Corrects for the finite size of a pixel by integrating the Gaussian
	over the size of the pixel.    Used in the IDL-DAOPHOT sequence.   

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	DAOERF, XIN, YIN, A, F, [ PDER ] 

 INPUTS:
	XIN - input scalar, vector or array, giving X coordinate values
	YIN - input scalar, vector or array, giving Y coordinate values, must 
		have same number of elements as XIN.
	A - 5 element parameter array describing the Gaussian
		A(0) - peak intensity
		A(1) - X position of peak intensity (centroid)
		A(2) - Y position of peak intensity (centroid)
		A(3) - X sigma of the gaussian (=FWHM/2.345)         
		A(4) - Y sigma of gaussian

 OUTPUTS:
	F - array containing value of the function at each (XIN,YIN) 
	    The number of output elements in F and PDER is identical with
		the number of elements in X and Y

 OPTIONAL OUTPUTS:
	PDER - 2 dimensional array of size (NPTS,5) giving the analytic
		derivative at each value of F with respect to each parameter A.

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written: W. Landsman                October, 1987
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/daoerf.pro)


DAO_VALUE

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 NAME:
	DAO_VALUE
 PURPOSE:
	Returns the value of a DAOPHOT point-spread function at a set of points.
 EXPLANATION:
	The value of the point-spread function is the sum of a
	two-dimensional integral under a bivariate Gaussian function, and 
	a value obtained by interpolation in a look-up table.  DAO_VALUE will
	optionally compute the derivatives wrt X and Y

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	Result = DAO_VALUE( xx, yy, gauss, psf, [ dvdx, dvdy ] )

 INPUTS:
	XX,YY   - the real coordinates of the desired point relative 
		to the centroid of the point-spread function.
	GAUSS  -  5 element vector describing the bivariate Gaussian
	GAUSS(0)- the peak height of the best-fitting Gaussian profile.
	GAUSS(1,2) - x and y offsets from the centroid of the point-spread 
		function to the center of the best-fitting Gaussian.
	GAUSS(3,4) - the x and y sigmas of the best-fitting Gaussian.
	PSF  -  a NPSF by NPSF array containing the look-up table.

 OUTPUTS:
    RESULT - the computed value of the point-spread function at
             a position XX, YY relative to its centroid (which 
             coincides with the center of the central pixel of the
             look-up table).

 OPTIONAL OUTPUTS:
       DVDX,DVDY - the first derivatives of the composite point-spread
             function with respect to x and y.

 NOTES
 	although the arguments XX,YY of the function DAO_VALUE
	are relative to the centroid of the PSF, the function RINTER which
	DAO_VALUE calls requires coordinates relative to the corner of the 
	array (see code).

 PROCEDURES CALLED:
	DAOERF, RINTER()
 REVISON HISTORY:
	Adapted to IDL by B. Pfarr, STX, 11/17/87 from 1986 STSDAS version
	of DAOPHOT
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dao_value.pro)


DATATYPE()

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 NAME: 
      DATATYPE()

 PURPOSE: 
      Returns the data type of a variable.

 EXPLANATION: 
      This routine returns the data type of a variable in a format specified
      by the optional flag parameter.    Can also be used to emulate, in 
      earlier versions of IDL, the SIZE(/TNAME) option introduced in V5.2.

 CALLING SEQUENCE         : 
      Result = DATATYPE( VAR  [, FLAG , /TNAME, /DESC ] )

 INPUTS: 
     VAR     = Variable to examine, no restrictions

 OPTIONAL INPUT PARAMETERS: 
     FLAG  = Integer between 0 and 3 giving the output format flag as 
             explained below.  The default is 0.
     /DESC = If set, then return a descriptor for the given variable.  If the
             variable is a scalar the value is returned as a string.  If it is
             an array a description is returned just like the HELP command 
             gives.  Ex:'
             IDL> print, datatype(fltarr(2,3,5),/desc) gives the string
                           'FLTARR(2,3,5)'
     /TNAME - If set, then returns a identical result to the use of the /TNAME
                keyword to the SIZE() function in IDL V5.2 and later.   
               Overrides the value of FLAG.
     /HELP    = If set, then a short explanation is printed out.

 OUTPUT PARAMETERS: 
       The result of the function is the either a string or integer giving the
       data type of VAR.  Depending on the value of FLAG or /TNAME, the result
       will be one of the values from the following table:

      FLAG = 0       FLAG = 1       FLAG = 2    FLAG = 3      /TNAME

      UND            Undefined        0          UND          UNDEFINED  
      BYT            Byte             1          BYT          BYTE
      INT            Integer          2          INT          INT
      LON            Long             3          LON          LONG
      FLO            Float            4          FLT          FLOAT
      DOU            Double           5          DBL          DOUBLE
      COM            Complex          6          COMPLEX      COMPLEX
      STR            String           7          STR          STRING
      STC            Structure        8          STC          STRUCT
      DCO            DComplex         9          DCOMPLEX     DCOMPLEX
      PTR            Pointer         10          PTR          POINTER
      OBJ            Object          11          OBJ          OBJREF
      UIN            UInt            12          UINT         UINT
      ULN            ULong           13          ULON         ULONG
      L64            Long64          14          LON64        LONG64
      U64            ULong64         15          ULON64       ULONG64


 REVISION HISTORY: 
       Original Version: R. Sterner, JHU/APL, 24 October 1985.
       Major rewrite, add /TNAME keyword, unsigned and 64 bit datatypes
       W. Landsman   August 1999
-
-------------------------------------------------------------


(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/datatype.pro)


DATE

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 NAME:
	DATE
 PURPOSE:
	Convert day-of-year to a DD-MMM-YYYY string

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	D_String = DATE(Year, day )

 INPUTS:
	Year - Integer scalar specifying the year.   If the year contains only
		two digits, then it is assumed to indicate the number of 
		years after 1900. 

	Day - Integer scalar giving number of days after Jan 0 of the 
		specified year.    Can be larger than 366     

 OUTPUTS:
	D_String - String giving date in format '13-MAR-1986'

 RESTRICTIONS:
	Will not work for years before 100 AD 
 EXAMPLE:
	IDL> print, date(1997,279)
		'6-Oct-1997'

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       D.M. fecit  24 October,1983
	Work for years outside of the 19th century  W. Landsman  September 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/date.pro)


DATE_CONV

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 NAME:
     DATE_CONV
 PURPOSE:
     Procedure to perform conversion of dates to one of three possible formats.

 EXPLANATION:
     The following date formats are allowed

       format 1: real*8 scalar encoded as:
               year*1000 + day + hour/24. + min/24./60 + sec/24./60/60
               where day is the day of year (1 to 366)
       format 2: Vector encoded as:
               date(0) = year (eg. 1987)
               date(1) = day of year (1 to 366)
               date(2) = hour
               date(3) = minute
               date(4) = second
       format 3: string (ascii text) encoded as
               DD-MON-YEAR HH:MM:SS.SS
               (eg.  14-JUL-1987 15:25:44.23)
            OR
               YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SS  (ISO standard)
               (eg.  1987-07-14 15:25:44.23)
       format 4: three element vector giving spacecraft time words
       from a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) telemetry packet.

 CALLING SEQUENCE
       results = DATE_CONV( DATE, TYPE )

 INPUTS:
       DATE - input date in one of the three possible formats.
       TYPE - type of output format desired.  If not supplied then
               format 3 (real*8 scalar) is used.
                       valid values:
                       'REAL'  - format 1
                       'VECTOR' - format 2
                       'STRING' - format 3
               TYPE can be abbreviated to the single character strings 'R',
               'V', and 'S'.
               Nobody wants to convert TO spacecraft time (I hope!)
 OUTPUTS:
       The converted date is returned as the function value.

 NOTES:
      Prior to Oct 1998, the returned real*8 date (format 1) was given as
      (year-1900)*1000 + day + hour/24. + min/24./60 + sec/24./60/60 
      This output is ambiguous with respect to the year 2000.   Note that the
      current version of DATE_CONV() may not be backwards compatible with 
      versions prior to Oct 1998.

 HISTORY:
      version 1  D. Lindler  July, 1987
      adapted for IDL version 2  J. Isensee  May, 1990
      Made year 2000 compliant; allow ISO format input  jls/acc Oct 1998
      DJL/ACC Jan 1998, Modified to work with dates such as 6-JAN-1996 where
		day of month has only one digit.

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/date_conv.pro)


DAYCNV

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 NAME:
       DAYCNV
 PURPOSE:
       Converts Julian dates to Gregorian calendar dates

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       DAYCNV, XJD, YR, MN, DAY, HR

 INPUTS:
       XJD = Julian date, positive double precision scalar or vector

 OUTPUTS:
       YR = Year (Integer)
       MN = Month (Integer)
       DAY = Day (Integer)
       HR = Hours and fractional hours (Real).   If XJD is a vector,
               then YR,MN,DAY and HR will be vectors of the same length.

 EXAMPLE:
       IDL> DAYCNV, 2440000.D, yr, mn, day, hr    

       yields yr = 1968, mn =5, day = 23, hr =12.   

 WARNING:
       Be sure that the Julian date is specified as double precision to
       maintain accuracy at the fractional hour level.

 METHOD:
       Uses the algorithm of Fliegel and Van Falndern (1968) as reported in
       the "Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac" (1992), p. 604
       Works for all Gregorian calendar dates with XJD > 0, i.e., dates after
       -4713 November 23.
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Converted to IDL from Yeoman's Comet Ephemeris Generator, 
       B. Pfarr, STX, 6/16/88
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/daycnv.pro)


DBBUILD

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 NAME:
	DBBUILD
 PURPOSE:
	Build a database by appending new values for every item.  
 EXPLANATION:
	The database must be opened for update (with DBOPEN) before calling 
	DBBUILD.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	DBBUILD, [ v1, v2, v3, v4......v30, /NOINDEX, /SILENT, STATUS =  ]

 INPUTS:
	v1,v2....v30 - vectors containing values for all items in the database.
         V1 contains values for the first item, V2 for the second, etc.
         The number of vectors supplied must equal the number of items
         (excluding entry number) in the database.  The number of elements 
         in each vector should be the same.   A multiple valued item
         should be dimensioned NVALUE by NENTRY, where NVALUE is the number
         of values, and NENTRY is the number of entries.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	NOINDEX - If this keyword is supplied and non-zero then DBBUILD will
             *not* create an indexed file.    Useful to save time if
             DBBUILD is to be called several times and the indexed file need
             only be created on the last call

	SILENT  - If the keyword SILENT is set and non-zero, then DBBUILD
	      will not print a message when the index files are generated

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD:
	STATUS - Returns a status code denoting whether the operation was
	      successful (1) or unsuccessful (0).  Useful when DBBUILD is
	      called from within other applications.

 EXAMPLE:
	Suppose a database named STARS contains the four items NAME,RA,DEC, and 
	FLUX.   Assume that one already has the four vectors containing the
	values, and that the database definition (.DBD) file already exists.

	IDL> !PRIV=2                  ;Writing to database requires !PRIV=2
	IDL> dbcreate,'stars',1,1   ;Create database (.DBF) & index (.DBX) file
	IDL> dbopen,'stars',1         ;Open database for update
	IDL> dbbuild,name,ra,dec,flux ;Write 4 vectors into the database

 NOTES:
	Do not call DBCREATE before DBBUILD if you want to append entries to
	an existing database

	DBBUILD checks that each value vector matches the idl type given in the
	database definition (.DBD) file, and that character strings are the 
	proper length. 
 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written          W. Landsman           March, 1989
	Added /NOINDEX keyword           W. Landsman        November, 1992
	User no longer need supply all items   W. Landsman  December, 1992 
	Added STATUS keyword, William Thompson, GSFC, 1 April 1994
	Added /SILENT keyword, William Thompson, GSFC, October 1995
	Allow up to 30 items, fix problem if first item was multiple value
				  W. Landsman    GSFC, July 1996
	Faster build of external databases on big endian machines 
				  W. Landsman    GSFC, November 1997  
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 24-Nov-1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbbuild.pro)


DBCIRCLE

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 NAME:
      DBCIRCLE
 PURPOSE:
      Find sources in a database within specified radius of specified center
 EXPLANATION:
      Database must include items named 'RA' (in hours) and 'DEC' (in degrees)
      and must have previously been opened with DBOPEN

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     list = DBCIRCLE( ra_cen, dec_cen, [radius, dis, sublist, /SILENT, 
                                          TO_B1950, /TO_J2000 ] )   

 INPUTS:
       RA_CEN - Right ascension of the search center in decimal HOURS, scalar
       DEC_CEN - Declination of the search center in decimal DEGREES, scalar
               RA_CEN and DEC_CEN should be in the same equinox as the 
               currently opened catalog.

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
       RADIUS - Radius of the search field in arc minutes, scalar.
               DBCIRCLE prompts for RADIUS if not supplied.
       SUBLIST - Vector giving entry numbers in currently opened database
               to be searched.  Default is to search all entries

 OUTPUTS:
     LIST - Vector giving entry numbers in the currently opened catalog
            which have positions within the specified search circle
            LIST is set to -1 if no sources fall within the search circle
            !ERR is set to the number sources found.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT
       DIS -  The distance in arcminutes of each entry specified by LIST
               to the search center (given by RA_CEN and DEC_CEN)

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
       /SILENT - If this keyword is set, then DBCIRCLE will not print the 
               number of entries found at the terminal
       /TO_J2000 - If this keyword is set, then the entered coordinates are
               assumed to be in equinox B1950, and will be converted to
               J2000 before searching the database
       /TO_B1950 - If this keyword is set, then the entered coordinates are
               assumed to be in equinox J2000, and will be converted to
               B1950 before searching the database
               NOTE: The user must determine on his own whether the database
               is in B1950 or J2000 coordinates.

 METHOD:
       A DBFIND search is first performed on a square area of given radius.
       The list is the restricted to a circular area by using GCIRC to 
       compute the distance of each object to the field center.

 EXAMPLE:
       Find all Hipparcos stars within 40' of the nucleus of M33
       (at J2000 1h 33m 50.9s 30d 39' 36.7'')

       IDL> dbopen,'hipparcos'
       IDL> list = dbcircle( ten(1,33,50.9), ten(3,39,36.7), 40)

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       BPRECESS, DBFIND(), DBEXT, DB_INFO(), GCIRC, JPRECESS
 REVISION HISTORY:
      Written W. Landsman     STX           January 1990
      Fixed search when crossing 0h         July 1990
      Spiffed up code a bit     October, 1991
      Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
      Leave DIS vector unchanged if no entries found W. Landsman July 1999
      Use maximum declination, rather than declination at field center to
      correct RA for latitude effect    W. Landsman   September 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbcircle.pro)


DBCLOSE

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 NAME:
       DBCLOSE
 PURPOSE:
       procedure to close a data base file

 CALLING SEQUENCE:  
       dbclose

 INPUTS:
       None

 OUTPUTS
       None

 SIDE EFFECTS:
       the data base files currently opened are closed

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       DB_INFO(), HOST_TO_IEEE
 HISTORY:
       version 2  D. Lindler  Oct. 1987
       For IDL version 2      August 1990
       William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 30 May 1994
                Added support for external (IEEE) data format
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbclose.pro)


DBCOMPARE

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 NAME:
     DBCOMPARE
 PURPOSE:
     Display two entries in an IDL database side by side in a column format

 CALLING SEQUENCE:     
     dbcompare, list1, list2, [items, TEXTOUT= , /DIFF]  

 INPUTS:
     list1 - Integer scalar giving first entry number to be compared.
     list2 - Integer scalar giving second entry number to be compared.

 OPTIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT:
     items - items to be compared, if not supplied then all items will be
          compared.    The items can be specified in any of the following ways:

             form 1  scalar string giving item(s) as list of names
                     separated by commas
             form 2  string array giving list of item names
             form 3  string of form '$filename' giving name
                     of text file containing items (one item per line)                      line)
             form 4  integer scalar giving single item number or
                     integer vector list of item numbers
             form 5  Null string specifying interactive selection.   This
                     is the default if 'items' is not supplied
             form 6  '*'     select all items (= default)

            If items was undefined or a null string on input, then
            on output it will contain the items interactively selected.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
     /DIFF - If this keyword is set and non-zero, then only the items 
             in the database that differ will be printed

     TEXTOUT -  Scalar Integer (1-7) Used to determine output device.   See
               TEXTOPEN for more info.

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
     Output device controlled by non-standard system variable !TEXTOUT, if 
     TEXTOUT keyword is not used.    

 EXAMPLE:
     Display entries 3624 and 3625 in column form showing only the items
     that differ.
               IDL> dbcompare,3624,3625,/diff

 PROCEDURES USED:
     DATATYPE(), DB_INFO(), DB_ITEM, DB_ITEM_INFO(), DBRD, DBXVAL()
     TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE
 HISTORY:
     Written,  W. Landsman            July 1996
     Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
     Fix documentation, add Syntax display    W. Landsman   November 1998   

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbcompare.pro)


DBCOMPRESS

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 NAME
       DBCOMPRESS
 PURPOSE:
       Compress a .dbf database file after a call to DBDELETE
 EXPLANATION:
       The procedure DBDELETE will remove specified entries from a database
       but it will not free the unused space.     DBCOMPRESS will compress
       the .dbf file so that it only contains valid entries.   
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       DBCOMPRESS, dbname
 INPUT PARAMETERS: 
       dbname - Name of the database to be compressed, scalar string
 NOTES:
       (1) Will not compress the index (.dbx) file.   The size of the .dbx file
       is controlled by the MaxEntries value in the database definition 
       (.dbd) file
       (2) The updated .dbf file is written in the current directory.
       This may need to be moved into the ZDBASE directory.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       DBOPEN, DB_INFO(), FIND_WITH_DEF()
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written, W. Landsman      Raytheon STX        May 1998 
       Converted to IDL V5.0 June 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbcompress.pro)


DBCREATE

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 NAME: 
       DBCREATE
 PURPOSE:      
       Create a new data base (.dbf), index (.dbx) or description (.dbh) file
 EXPLANATION:
       A database definition (.dbd) file must already exist.
       The default directory must be a ZDBASE: directory.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:     
       dbcreate, name,[ newindex, newdb, maxitems]  [,/EXTERNAL]  

 INPUTS:       
       name- name of the data base (with no qualifier), scalar string. 
               The description will be read from the file "NAME".dbd 

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:      
       newindex - if non-zero then a new index file is created,
               otherwise it is assumed that changes do not affect the
               index file. (default=0)
       newdb - if non-zero then a new data base file (.dbf) will
               be created. Otherwise changes are assumed not to affect
               the file's present format.
       maxitems - maximum number of items in data base.
               If not supplied then the number of items is
               limited to 200.

 OUTPUTS:
       NONE.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:       

       external - If set, then the database is written with an external data
               representation.  This allows the database files to be used on
               any computer platform, e.g. through NFS mounts, but some
               overhead is added to reading the files.  The default is to
               write the data in the native format of the computer being used.

               This keyword is only paid attention to if NEWDB or NEWINDEX
               are nonzero.  Otherwise, the database is opened to find
               out if it uses external representation or not.

               Extreme caution should be used if this keyword is used with
               only NEWINDEX set to a nonzero value.  This mode is allowed so
               that databases written on machines which already use the
               external data representation format, e.g. Sun workstations, to
               be marked external so that other machines can read them.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:      
       GETTOK(), FIND_WITH_DEF(), HOST_TO_IEEE, ZPARCHECK

 RESTRICTIONS: 
       If newdb=0 is not specified, the changes to the .dbd file can
       not alter the length of the records in the data base file.
       and may not alter positions of current fields in the file.
       permissible changes are:
               1) utilization of spares to create a item or field
               2) change in field name(s)
               3) respecification of index items
               4) changes in default print formats
               5) change in data base title
               6) changes in pointer specification to other data
                       data bases

       !priv must be 2 or greater to execute this routine.

 SIDE EFFECTS:  
       data base description file ZDBASE:name.dbh is created
       and optionally ZDBASE:name.dbf (data file) and
       ZDBASE.dbx (index file) if it is a new data base.

 REVISION HISTORY:     
       D. Lindler, GSFC/HRS, October 1987
       Modified:  Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 29 March 1994
                  Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 28 May 1994
                  Added EXTERNAL keyword.
       Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 3 November 1994
                       Modified to allow ZDBASE to be a path string.
       8/14/95  JKF/ACC - allow EXTERNAL data for newindex OR newdb modes.
       Make sure all databases closed before starting W. Landsman June 1997

       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbcreate.pro)


DBDELETE

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 NAME:
	DBDELETE
 PURPOSE
	Deletes specified entries from data base

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	DBDELETE, list, [ name, /DEBUG ]   

 INPUTS:
	list - list of entries to be deleted, scalar or vector
	name - optional name of data base, scalar string.  If not specified
		then the data base file must be previously opened for update 
               by DBOPEN.

 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	!PRIV must be at least 3 to execute.

 SIDE EFFECTS:
	The data base file (ZDBASE:name.DBF) is modified by removing the
	specified entries and reordering the remaining entry numbers
       accordingly (ie. if you delete entry 100, it will be replaced
       by entry 101 and the database will contain 1 less entry.

 EXAMPLE:
        Delete entries in a database STARS where RA=DEC = 0.0

        IDL> !PRIV= 3                           ;Set privileges
        IDL> dbopen,'STARS',1                   ;Open for update
        IDL> list = dbfind('ra=0.0,dec=0.0')    ;Obtain LIST vector
        IDL> dbdelete, list             ;Delete specified entries from db

 NOTES:
       The procedure is rather slow because the entire database is re-
       created with the specified entries deleted.
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
        DEBUG - if this keyword is set and non-zero, then additional 
		diagnostics will be printed as each entry is deleted.
 COMMON BLOCKS:
	DBCOM
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
	DBINDEX, DB_INFO(), DBOPEN, DBPUT, ZPARCHECK
 HISTORY
	Version 2  D. Lindler  July, 1989
       Updated documentation   W. Landsman    December 1992
	William Thompson, GSFC, 28 February 1995
			Fixed bug when external representation used.
	Fixed for case where second parameter supplied W. Landsman April 1996
	Use keyword DEBUG rather than !DEBUG   W. Landsman    May 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbdelete.pro)


DBEDIT

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 NAME:
	DBEDIT

 PURPOSE:
	Interactively edit specified fields in a database. 
 EXPLANATION:
	The value of each field is displayed, and the user has the option
	of changing or keeping the value.  Widgets will be used if they
	are available.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbedit, list, [ items ]

 INPUTS:
	list - scalar or vector of database entry numbers.  Set list = 0 to 
	interactively add a new entry to a database.  Set list = -1 to edit 
	all entries.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	items - list of items to be edited.  If omitted, all fields can be 
		edited.      

 COMMON BLOCKS:
 	DB_COM -- contains information about the opened database.
  	DBW_C -- contains information intrinsic to this program.

 SIDE EFFECTS:
  	Will update the database files.

 RESTRICTIIONS:
  	Database must be opened for update prior to running
  	this program.  User must be running DBEDIT from an 
  	account that has write privileges to the databases.  

	If one is editing an indexed item, then after all edits are complete,
	DBINDEX will be called to reindex the entire item.    This may
	be time consuming.

	Cannot be used to edit items with multiple values

 EXAMPLE:
	Suppose one had new parallaxes for all stars fainter than 5th magnitude
	in the Yale Bright Star Catalog and wanted to update the PRLAX and
	PRLAX_CODE fields with these new numbers

	IDL> !priv=2			
	IDL> dbopen, 'yale_bs', 1            ;Open catalog for update
	IDL> list = dbfind( 'v>5')     ;Find fainter than 5th magnitude
	IDL> dbedit, list, 'prlax, prlax_code'   ;Manual entry of new values

 PROCEDURE:
	(1) Use the cursor and point to the value you want to edit.   
	(2) Type the new field value over the old field value.
	(3) When you are done changing all of the field values for each entry
	save the entry to the databases by pressing 'SAVE ENTRY TO DATABASES'.
	Here all of the values will be checked to see if they are the correct
	data type.  If a field value is not of the correct data type, it will
	not be saved.  

	Use the buttons "PREV ENTRY" and "NEXT ENTRY" to move between entry 
	numbers.  You must save each entry before going on to another entry in 
	order for your changes to be saved.

	Pressing "RESET THIS ENTRY" will remove any unsaved changes to the 
	current entry.

REVISION HISTORY:
	Adapted from Landsman's DBEDIT
	added widgets,  Melissa Marsh, HSTX, August 1993
	do not need to press return after entering each entry,
			fixed layout problem on SUN,
			Melissa Marsh, HSTX, January 1994
	Only updates the fields which are changed. Joel Offenberg, HSTX, Mar 94
	Corrected test for changed fields  Wayne Landsman  HSTX, Mar 94
	Removed a couple of redundant statements W. Landsman HSTX Jan 96
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbedit.pro)


DBEDIT_BASIC

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 NAME:
	DBEDIT_BASIC
 PURPOSE:
	Subroutine of DBEDIT_BASIC to edit a database on a dumb terminal.
 EXPLANATION:
	Interactively edit specified fields in a database.  The
	value of each field is displayed, and the user has the option
	of changing or keeping the value.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbedit_basic, list, [ items ]

 INPUTS:
	list - scalar or vector of database entry numbers.  Set LIST=0
		to interactively add a new entry to a database.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS
	items - list of items to be edited.  If not supplied, then the
		value of every field will be displayed.

 NOTES:
	(1) Database must be opened for update (dbopen,,1) before
	calling DBEDIT_BASIC.  User must have write privileges on the database
	files.
	(2) User gets a second chance to look at edited values, before
	they are actually written to the database

 PROMPTS:
	The item values for each entry to be edited are first displayed
	User is the asked "EDIT VALUES IN THIS ENTRY (Y(es), N(o), or Q(uit))?
	If user answers 'Y' or hits RETURN, then each item is displayed
	with its current value, which the user can update.  If user answered
	'N' then DBEDIT_BASIC skips to the next  entry.   If user answers 'Q'
	then DBEDIT will exit, saving all previous changes.

 EXAMPLE:
	Suppose V magnitudes (V_MAG) in a database STARS with unknown values 
	were assigned a value of 99.9.  Once the true values become known, the
	database can be edited

	IDL> !PRIV=2 & dbopen,'STARS',1         ;Open database for update
	IDL> list =  dbfind('V_MAG=99.9')       ;Get list of bad V_MAG values
	IDL> dbedit,list,'V_MAG'       ;Interactively insert good V_MAG values

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written  W. Landsman     STX        April, 1989
	Rename DBEDIT_BASIC from DBEDIT            July, 1993
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbedit_basic.pro)


DBEXT

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 NAME:
       DBEXT
 PURPOSE:
       Extract values of up to 12 items from an IDL database 
 EXPLANATION:
       Procedure to extract values of up to 12 items from
       data base file, and place into IDL variables

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       dbext,list,items,v1,[v2,v3,v4,v5,v6,v7,v8,v9,v10,v11,v12]

 INPUTS:
       list - list of entry numbers to be printed, vector or scalar
               If list = -1, then all entries will be extracted.
               list may be converted to a vector by DBEXT 
       items - standard item list specification.  See DBPRINT for 
               the 6 different ways that items may be specified. 

 OUTPUTS:
       v1...v12 - the vectors of values for up to 12 items.

 EXAMPLE:
       Extract all RA and DEC values from the currently opened database, and
       place into the IDL vectors, IDLRA and IDLDEC.

               IDL> DBEXT,-1,'RA,DEC',idlra,idldec

 HISTORY
       version 2  D. Lindler  NOV. 1987
       check for INDEXED items   W. Landsman   Feb. 1989
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbext.pro)


DBEXT_DBF

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 NAME:
       DBEXT_DBF
 PURPOSE:
       Subroutine of DBEXT to extract values of up to 18 items from a database 
 EXPLANATION:
       This is a subroutine of DBEXT, which is the routine a user should 
       normally use.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       dbext_dbf,list,dbno,sbyte,nbytes,idltype,nval,v1,[ v2,v3,v4,v5,v6,v7,
                  v8,v9,v10,v11,v12,v13,v14,v15,v16,v17,v18 ITEM_DBNO = ]

 INPUTS:
       list - list of entry numbers to extract desired items.   It is the 
               entry numbers in the primary data base unless dbno is greater 
               than or equal to -1.  In that case it is the entry number in 
               the specified data base.
       dbno - number of the opened db file
               if set to -1 then all data bases are included
       sbyte - starting byte in the entry.  If single data base then it must 
               be the starting byte for that data base only and not the 
               concatenation of db records 
       nbytes - number of bytes in the entry
       idltype - idl data type of each item to be extracted
       nval - number of values per entry of each item to be extracted

 OUTPUTS:
       v1...v18 - the vectors of values for up to 18 items

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
       item_dbno - A vector of the individual database numbers for each item.
               Simplifies the code for linked databases
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       DB_INFO(), DB_ITEM_INFO(), DBRD, DBXVAL(), IS_IEEE_BIG(), IEEE_TO_HOST
 HISTORY
       version 1  D. Lindler  Nov. 1987
       Extract multiple valued entries    W. Landsman   May 1989
       William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
               Added support for external (IEEE) representation.
       Work with multiple element string items  W. Landsman  August 1995
       Increase speed for external databases on IEEE machines WBL August 1996
       IEEE conversion implemented on blocks of entries using BIG
       Added keyword ITEM_DBNO     R. Schwartz, GSFC/SDAC, August 1996
       Return a vector even if only 1 value W. Thompson  October 1996
       Change variable name of BYTESWAP to BSWAP  W. Thompson Mar 1997
       Use /OVERWRITE with reform   W. Landsman   May 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Increase maximum number of items to 18  W. Landsman  November 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbext_dbf.pro)


DBEXT_IND

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 NAME:
	DBEXT_IND
 PURPOSE:
	routine to read a indexed item values from index file

 CALLING SEQUENCE:  
	dbext_ind,list,item,dbno,values

 INPUTS:
	list - list of entry numbers to extract values for
		(if it is a scalar, values for all entries are extracted)
	item - item to extract
	dbno - number of the opened data base

 OUTPUT:
	values - vector of values returned as function value
 HISTORY:
	version 1  D. Lindler  Feb 88
	Faster processing of string values    W. Landsman   April, 1992
	William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 30 May 1994
		Added support for external (IEEE) data format
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbext_ind.pro)


DBFIND()

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 NAME: 
    DBFIND()
 PURPOSE:      
     Search data base for entries with specified characteristics
 EXPLANATION:  
     Function to search data base for entries with specified
     search characteristics.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:     
     result = dbfind(spar,[ listin, /SILENT, /FULLSTRING, ERRMSG= ])

 INPUTS:       
     spar - search_parameters (string)...each search parameter 
               is of the form:

               option 1) min_val < item_name < max_val
               option 2) item_name = value
               option 3) item_name = [value_1, value_10]
                       Note: option 3 is also the slowest.
               option 4) item_name > value
               option 5) item_name < value
               option 6) item_name = value(tolerance) ;eg. temp=25.0(5.2)
               option 7) item_name                     ;must be non-zero

               Multiple search parameters are separated by a comma.
               eg.     'cam_no=2,14 is interpreted as greater than or equal.
       
               RA and DEC keyfields are stored as floating point numbers 
               in the data base may be entered as HH:MM:SEC and
               DEG:MIN:SEC. Where:

                       HH:MM:SEC   equals  HH + MM/60.0  + SEC/3600.
                       DEG:MIN:SEC equals DEG + MIN/60.0 + SEC/3600.
                       
               For example:
                       40:34:10.5 < dec < 43:25:19 , 8:22:1.0 < ra < 8:23:23.0

               Specially encoded date/time in the data base may
               be entered by  CCYY/DAY:hr:min:sec which is
               interpreted as  
                       CCYY*1000+DAY+hr/24.0+min/24.0/60.+sec/24.0/3600.
               If a two digit year is supplied and YY GE 40 then it is 
               understood to refer to year 1900 +YY;  if YY LT 40 then it is 
               understood to refer to year 2000 +YY

               For example
                       1985/201:10:35:30

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbfind.pro)


DBFIND_ENTRY

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 NAME:
	DBFIND_ENTRY
 PURPOSE:
	Subroutine of DBFIND to perform an entry number search 
 EXPLANATION:
	This is a subroutine of dbfind and is not a standalone procedure
	It performs a entry number search.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbfind_entry, type, svals, nentries, values

 INPUTS: 
	type - type of search (output from dbfparse)
	svals - search values (output from dbfparse)
	values - array of values to search
 OUTPUT:
	good - indices of good values
	!err is set to number of good values

 REVISION HISTORY:
	D. Lindler  July,1987
	Fixed test for final entry number  W. Landsman    Sept. 95
	
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbfind_entry.pro)


DBFIND_SORT

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 NAME:
       DBFIND_SORT   
 PURPOSE:
       Subroutine of DBFIND to perform a search using sorted values
 EXPLANATION:
       This is a subroutine of dbfind and is not a standalone procedure
       It is used to limit the search using sorted values

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       dbfind_sort, it, type, svals, list, [/FULLSTRING ]

 INPUT: 
       it - item number, scalar
       type - type of search (output from dbfparse)
       svals - search values (output from dbfparse)

 INPUT/OUTPUT:
       list - found entries
       !err is set to number of good values
       !ERR = -2 for an invalid search

 INPUT KEYWORD:
       /FULLSTRING - By default, one has a match if a search string is 
               included in any part of a database value (substring match).   
               But if /FULLSTRING is set, then all characters in the database
               value must match the search string (excluding leading and 
               trailing blanks).    Both types of string searches are case
               insensitive.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       D. Lindler  July,1987
       William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 30 May 1994
               Added support for external (IEEE) data format
       William Thompson, GSFC, 14 March 1995 Added keyword FULLSTRING
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Minimize use of obsolete !ERR variable   W. Landsman  February 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbfind_sort.pro)


DBFPARSE

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 NAME:
     DBFPARSE
 PURPOSE
     Parse the search string supplied to DBFIND.   Not a standalone routine

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     DBFPARSE, [ spar, items, stype, values ]

 INPUTS:
     spar - search parameter specification, scalar string

 OUTPUTS:
     items - list of items to search on
     stype - search type, numeric scalar
               0    item=values(j,0)
               -1   item>values(j,0)
               -2   item

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbfparse.pro)


DBGET

[Previous Routine] [Next Routine] [List of Routines]
 NAME:
       DBGET
 PURPOSE:
       Find entry numbers which contain specified values of a given item.
 EXPLANATION:
       DBGET() is useful as an alternative to DBFIND() when the desired 
       search values are not easily expressed as a string.  

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       list = dbget( item, values, [ listin ], /SILENT, /FULLSTRING )

 INPUTS:
       item - Item name or number
       values -  scalar or vector containing item values to search for.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
       listin - list of entries to be searched.  If not supplied, or
               set to -1, then all entries are searched

 OUTPUT:
       list - vector giving the entry number of entries containing desired
               item values.  The number of elements in  LIST may be different 
               from that of VALUE, since a value might be located zero, once, 
               or many times in the database.  Use the function DBMATCH if a 
               one to one correspondence is desired between VALUES and LIST. 
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       /SILENT - If this keyword is set, then DBGET will not display
               the number of entries found
       /FULLSTRING - By default, one has a match if a search string is 
               included in any part of a database value (substring match).   
               But if /FULLSTRING is set, then all characters in the database
               value must match the search string (excluding leading and 
               trailing blanks).    Both types of string searches are case
               insensitive.
 RESTRICTIONS:
       When linked databases are opened together, DBGET can only be used to
       search on items in the primary database.
 EXAMPLE:
       Get info on selected HD stars in Bright Star catalogue

       IDL> dbopen, 'YALE_BS' 
       IDL> hdno = [1141,2363,3574,4128,6192,6314,6668]    ;Desired HD numbers
       IDL> list = dbget( 'HD', hdno )        ;Get corresponding entry numbers

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       !ERR is set to the number of entries found
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written,    W. Landsman      STX     February, 1989
       William Thompson, GSFC, 14 March 1995 Added keyword FULLSTRING
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbget.pro)


DBHELP

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 NAME:
     DBHELP
 PURPOSE:
     List available databases or items in the currently open database
 EXPLANATION:
     Procedure to either list available databases (if no database is 
     currently open) or the items in the currently open database.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:  
     dbhelp, [ flag , TEXTOUT=, /SORT ]

 INPUT:
     flag - (optional) if set to nonzero then item or database
             descriptions are also printed
             default=0
             If flag is a string, then it is interpreted as the
             name of a data base (if no data base is opened) or a name 
             of an item in the opened data base.   In this case, help
             is displayed only for the particular item or database

 OUTPUTS:
      None
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
      TEXTOUT  - Used to determine output device.  If not present, the
                value of !TEXTOUT system variable is used (see TEXTOPEN )

               textout=0       Nowhere
               textout=1       if a TTY then TERMINAL using /more option
                                   otherwise standard (Unit=-1) output
               textout=2       if a TTY then TERMINAL without /more option
                                   otherwise standard (Unit=-1) output
               textout=3       .prt
               textout=4       laser.tmp
               textout=5      user must open file
               textout=7      same as 3 but text is appended to .prt
                               file if it already exists.
               textout = filename (default extension of .prt)

        /SORT - If set and non-zero, then the help items will be displayed
               sorted alphabetically.    If more than one database is open,
               then this keyword does nothing.
 METHOD:
       If no data base is opened then a list of data bases are
       printed, otherwise the items in the open data base are printed.

       If a string is supplied for flag and a data base is opened
       flag is assumed to be an item name.  The information for that
       item is printed along with contents in a optional file
       zdbase:dbname_itemname.hlp
       if a string is supplied for flag and no data base is opened,
       then string is assumed to be the name of a data base file.
       only information for that file is printed along with an
       optional file zdbase:dbname.hlp.
 PROCEDURES USED:
       DB_INFO(),DB_ITEM_INFO(),FIND_WITH_DEF(), TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE
 HISTORY:
       Version 2  D. Lindler  Nov 1987 (new db format)
       Faster printing of title desc. W. Landsman  May 1989 
       Keyword textout added, J. Isensee, July, 1990
       Modified to work on Unix, D. Neill, ACC, Feb 1991.
       William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
               Added support for external (IEEE) representation.
       William Thompson, GSFC, 3 November 1994
               Modified to allow ZDBASE to be a path string.
       Remove duplicate database names  Wayne Landsman    December 1994
       8/17/95 jkf/acc - force lowercase filenames for .hlp files.
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added /SORT keyword  J. Sandoval/W. Landsman     October 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbhelp.pro)


DBINDEX

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 NAME:
       DBINDEX
 PURPOSE:
       Procedure to create index file for data base

 CALLING SEQUENCE:     
       dbindex, [ items ]

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
       items - names or numbers of items to be index -- if not supplied,
               then all indexed fields will be processed.  

 OUTPUT:
       Index file .dbx is created on disk location ZDBASE:

 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
       (1) Data base must have been previously opened for update
       by DBOPEN 

       (2) Only 18 items can be indexed at one time.   If the database has
       more than 18 items, then two separate calls to DBINDEX are needed.
 PROCEDURES CALLED:
       DBINDEX_BLK, DB_INFO(), DB_ITEM, DB_ITEM_INFO(), IEEE_TO_HOST, 
       IS_IEEE_BIG()
 HISTORY:
       version 2  D. Lindler  Nov 1987 (new db format)
       W. Landsman    added optional items parameter Feb 1989 
       M. Greason     converted to IDL version 2.  June 1990.
       William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 30 May 1994
               Added support for external (IEEE) data format
       Test if machine is bigendian  W. Landsman     May, 1996
       Change variable name of BYTESWAP to BSWAP  W. Thompson  Mar, 1997
       Increased number of fields to 15   W. Landsman   June, 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Increase number of items to 18     W. Landsman  November 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbindex.pro)


DBINDEX_BLK

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 NAME:
	DBINDEX_BLK
 PURPOSE:
	Subroutine of DBINDEX to create associated variable of correct datatype
 EXPLANATION:
	DBINDEX_BLK will offset into the file by a specified amount in 
	preparation for writing to the file.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	res = dbindex_blk(unit, nb, bsz, ofb, dtype)

 INPUTS:
	unit   The unit number assigned to the file.
	nb     The number of blocks to offset into the file.
	bsz    The size of each block, in bytes, to offset into the file.
	ofb    The offset into the block, in bytes.
	dtype  The IDL datatype as defined in the SIZE function

 OUTPUTS:
	res    The returned variable.  This is an associated variable.

 RESTRICTIONS:
	The file must have been previously opened.

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	Written by Michael R. Greason, STX, 14 June 1990.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbindex_blk.pro)


DBMATCH

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 NAME:
       DBMATCH
 PURPOSE:
       Find the entry number in a database for each element of item values
 EXPLANATION:
       DBMATCH() is especially useful for finding a one-to-one 
       correspondence between entries in different databases, and thus to 
       create the vector needed for database pointers.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       list = DBMATCH( item, values, [ listin, /FULLSTRING ] )

 INPUTS:
       ITEM - Item name or number, scalar
       VALUES -  scalar or vector containing item values to search for.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
       LISTIN - list of entries to be searched.  If not supplied, or
               set to -1, then all entries are searched
 OUTPUT:
       LIST - vector of entry numbers with the same number of elements as 
               VALUES.  Contains a value of 0 wherever the corresponding item
               value was not found.

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
       /FULLSTRING - By default, one has a match if a search string is 
               included in any part of a database value (substring match).   
               But if /FULLSTRING is set, then all characters in the database
               value must match the search string (excluding leading and 
               trailing blanks).    Both types of string searches are case
               insensitive.

 NOTES:
       DBMATCH is meant to be used for items which do not have duplicate values
       in a database (e.g. catalog numbers).  If more than one entry is found
       for a particular item value, then only the first one is stored in LIST.

       When linked databases are opened together, DBMATCH can only be 
       used to search on items in the primary database.

 EXAMPLE:
       Make a vector which points from entries in the Yale Bright Star catalog
       to those in the Hipparcos catalog, using the HD number

       IDL> dbopen, 'yale_bs'            ;Open the Yale Bright star catalog
       IDL> dbext, -1, 'HD', hd          ;Get the HD numbers
       IDL> dbopen, 'hipparcos'          ;Open the Hipparcos catalog
       IDL> list = dbmatch( 'HD', HD)    ;Get entries in Hipparcos catalog 
                                         ;corresponding to each HD number.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       DB_ITEM, DB_ITEM_INFO(), DBEXT, DBFIND_SORT()
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written,    W. Landsman      STX     February, 1990
       Fixed error when list in parameter used May, 1992
       Faster algorithm with sorted item when listin parameter supplied 
       Added keyword FULLSTRING,check for empty database, William Thompson, 
               GSFC, 15 March 1995
       Work for more than 32767 values, added CATCH W. Landsman   July 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 25-Nov-1997
       Change some loop variables to type LONG,  W. Landsman  July 1999
       Remove loop for substring searches (faster)  W. landsman August 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbmatch.pro)


DBOPEN

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 NAME:
	DBOPEN
 PURPOSE:
	Routine to open an IDL database

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbopen, name, update

 INPUTS:
	name - (Optional) name or names of the data base files to open.
		It has one of the following forms:

		'name'		-open single data base file
		'name1,name2,...,nameN' - open N files which are
				connected via pointers.
		'name,*'	-Open the data base with all data
				bases connected via pointers
		''		-Interactively allow selection of
				the data base files.

		If not supplied then '' is assumed.
		name may optionally be a string array with one name
		per element.

	update - (Optional) Integer flag specifing openning for update.
		0 	- Open for read only
		1	- Open for update
		2	- Open index file for update only
		!PRIV must be 2 or greater to open a file for update.
		If a file is opened for update only a single data base
		can be specified.

 OUTPUTS:
	none

 KEYWORDS:
	UNAVAIL - If present, a "database doesn't exit" flag is returned
	          through it.  0 = the database exists and was opened (if
	          no other errors arose).  1 = the database doesn't exist.
	          Also if present, the error message for non-existent databases
	          is suppressed.  The action, however, remains the same.  If
	          specifiying this, be sure that the variable passed exists
	          before the call to DBOPEN.
 SIDE EFFECTS:
	The .DBF and .dbx files are opened using unit numbers obtained by
 	GET_LUN.  Descriptions of the files are placed in the common block
 	DB_COM.

 HISTORY:
	Version 2, D. Lindler, Nov. 1987
       For IDL Version 2  W. Landsman May 1990 -- Will require further 
           modfication once SCREEN_SELECT is working
	Modified to work under Unix, D. Neill, ACC, Feb 1991.
	UNAVAIL keyword added.  M. Greason, Hughes STX, Feb 1993.
	William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
		Added support for external (IEEE) representation.
	William Thompson, GSFC, 3 November 1994
			Modified to allow ZDBASE to be a path string.
	8/29/95	JKF/ACC	- forces lowercase for input database names.
	W. Landsman, Use CATCH to catch errors    July, 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbopen.pro)


DBPRINT

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 NAME:
     DBPRINT
 PURPOSE:
     Procedure to print specified items from a list of database entries

 CALLING SEQUENCE:     
     dbprint, list, [items, FORMS= , TEXTOUT= , /NoHeader]  

 INPUTS:
     list  - list of entry numbers to be printed, vector or scalar 
               if list = -1, then all entries will be printed.
               An error message is returned if any entry number is larger
               than the number of entries in the database

 OPTIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT:
     items - items to be printed, specified in any of the following ways:

               form 1  scalar string giving item(s) as list of names
                       separated by commas
               form 2  string array giving list of item names
               form 3  string of form '$filename' giving name
                       of text file containing items (one item per
                       line)
               form 4  integer scalar giving single item number or
                         integer vector list of item numbers
               form 5  Null string specifying interactive selection.   This
                       is the default if 'items' is not supplied
               form 6  '*'     select all items, printout will be in
                       table format. 

            If items was undefined or a null string on input, then
            on output it will contain the items interactively selected.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       FORMS - The number of printed lines per page. If forms is not 
               present, output assumed to be in PORTRAIT form, and 
               a heading and 47 lines are printed on each page, with
               a page eject between each page.  For LANDSCAPE form with
               headings on each page, and a page eject between pages, set 
               forms = 34.  For a heading only on the first page, and no
               page eject, set forms = 0.   This is the default for output
               to the terminal.

       TEXTOUT - Integer (0-7) used to determine output device (see TEXTOPEN
       for more info).  If not present, the !TEXTOUT system variable is used.
               textout=0       Nowhere
               textout=1       if a TTY then TERMINAL using /more option
                                   otherwise standard (Unit=-1) output
               textout=2       if a TTY then TERMINAL without /more option
                                   otherwise standard (Unit=-1) output
               textout=3       dbprint.prt (file)
               textout=4       laser.tmp
               textout=5       user must open file
               textout=7      same as 3 but text is appended to .prt
               textout = filename   (default extension of .prt)

       /NOHEADER - If this keyword is set, then the column headers will not
               be printed

 EXAMPLE:
       The following example shows how a multiple valued item DATAMAX can be 
       printed as separate columns.   In the WFPC2 target database, DATAMAX
       is an item with 4 values, one for each of the 4 chips

       IDL> dbopen,'wflog'
       IDL> dbprint,list,'entry,datamax(0),datamax(1),datamax(2),datamax(3)'

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       Output device controlled by non-standard system varaible !TEXTOUT, if 
       TEXTOUT keyword is not used.    

 NOTES:
       Users may want to adjust the default lines_per_page value given at
       the beginning of the program for their own particular printer.

 HISTORY:
       version 2  D. Lindler  Nov. 1987 (new db format)
       Test if user pressed 'Q' in response to /MORE W. Landsman  Sep 1991
       Apply STRTRIM to free form (table) output    W. Landsman   Dec 1992
       Test for string value of TEXTOUT         W. Landsman   Feb 1994
       William Thompson, GSFC, 3 November 1994
                       Modified to allow ZDBASE to be a path string.
       W. Landsman, GSFC, July, 1997, Use CATCH to catch errors
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Removed STRTRIM in table format output to handle byte values April 1999
       Fixed occasional problem when /NOHEADER is supplied   Sep. 1999
       Only byteswap when necessary for improved performance  Feb. 2000
       Change loop index for table listing to type LONG  W. Landsman Aug 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbprint.pro)


DBPUT

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 NAME:
	DBPUT
 PURPOSE:
	Procedure to place a new value for a specified item into
	a data base file entry.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
	dbput, item, val, entry

 INPUTS:
	item - item name or number
	val - item value(s)

 INPUT/OUTPUT:
	entry - entry (byte array) or scalar entry number.
	        if entry is a scalar entry number then the data
	        base file will be updated.  Otherwise the change
	        will be only made to the entry array which must
	        be written latter using DBWRT.

 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	If entry is a scalar entry number or the input file name
	is supplied, the entry in the data base will be updated
	instead of a supplied entry variable.  In this case, !priv
	must be greater than 1.
 HISTORY:
	version 2  D. Lindler  Feb 1988 (new db formats)
	modified to convert blanks into zeros correctly D. Neill Jan 1991
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbput.pro)


DBRD

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 NAME:
	DBRD
 PURPOSE:
	procedure to read an entry from a data base file or from
	linked multiple databases.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbrd, enum, entry, [available, dbno, /NoConvert]

 INPUTS:
	enum - entry number to read, integer scalar

 OUTPUT:
	entry - byte array containing the entry

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
	available - byte array with length equal to number of data
		bases opened.  available(i) eq 1 if an entry (pointed
		to) is available.  It always equals 1 for the first 
		data base, otherwise it is an error condition.

 OPTIONAL  INPUT:
	dbno - specification of the data base number to return.  If
		supplied, only the record for the requested data base
		number is returned in entry.  Normally this input should
		not be supplied.  dbno is numbered for 0 to n-1 and gives
		the number of the data base opened.  The data bases are 
		numbered in the order supplied to dbopen.  If dbno is supplied 
		then the entry number refers to that data base and not the
		primary or first data base. If set to -1, then it means all
		data bases opened (same as not supplying it)
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
	noconvert - if set then don't convert external to host format.
		Assumes that calling program will take care of this
		requirement.
 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	If multiple data base files are opened, the records are
	concatenated with each other
 HISTORY
	version 2  D. Lindler  Nov. 1987
	William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
		Added support for external (IEEE) representation.
	Version 3, Richard Schwartz, GSFC/SDAC, 23-Aug-1996
			Add noconvert keyword

	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbrd.pro)


DBSEARCH

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 NAME:
	DBSEARCH
 PURPOSE:
	Subroutine of DBFIND() to search a vector for specified values

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbsearch, type, svals, values, good, FULLSTRING = fullstring

 INPUT: 
	type - type of search (output from dbfparse)
	svals - search values (output from dbfparse)
	values - array of values to search

 OUTPUT:
	good - indices of good values
	!err is set to number of good values

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
	FULLSTRING - By default, one has a match if a search string is 
		included in any part of a database value (substring match).   
		But if /FULLSTRING is set, then all characters in the database
		value must match the search string (excluding leading and 
		trailing blanks).    Both types of string searches are case
		insensitive.
 REVISION HISTORY:
	D. Lindler  July,1987
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbsearch.pro)


DBSORT

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 NAME:
	DBSORT
 PURPOSE:
	Routine to sort list of entries in data base

 CALLING SEQUENCE: 
	result = dbsort( list, items , [ REVERSE = ])

 INPUTS:
	list - list of entry numbers to sort
		-1 to sort all entries
	items - list of items to sort (up to 9 items)

 OUTPUT:
	result - numeric vector giving input list sorted by items

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
	REVERSE - scalar or vector with the same number of elements as the
	  the number of items to sort.  If the corresponding element of REVERSE 
	  is non-zero then that item is sorted in descending rather than 
	  ascending order.

 EXAMPLE:
	Sort an astronomical catalog with RA as primary sort, and declination
	as secondary sort (used when RA values are equal)

	   IDL> NEWLIST = DBSORT( -1, 'RA,DEC' )

	If for some reason, one wanted the DEC sorted in descending order, but
	the RA in ascending order

	   IDL> NEWLIST = DBSORT( -1, 'RA,DEC', REV = [ 0, 1 ] )

 METHOD:
	The list is sorted such that each item is sorted into
	asscending order starting with the last item.
 COMMON BLOCKS:
	DBCOM
 PROCEDURES USED:
	ZPARCHECK, BSORT, DB_ITEM
 HISTORY
	VERSION 1  D. Lindler  Oct. 86
       Added REVERSE keyword   W. Landsman        August, 1991
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbsort.pro)


DBTITLE

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 NAME:
	DBTITLE
 PURPOSE:
	function to create title line for routine dbprint

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	result = dbtitle( c, f )

 INPUTS:
	c = string array of titles for each item
	f = field length of each item

 OUTPUT:
	header string returned as function value

 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	this is a subroutine of DBPRINT.

 HISTORY:
	version 1  D. Lindler  Sept 86
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbtitle.pro)


DBUPDATE

[Previous Routine] [Next Routine] [List of Routines]
 NAME:
	DBUPDATE
 PURPOSE:
	Update columns of data in a database  -- inverse of DBEXT
 EXPLANATION:
	Database must be open for update before calling DBUPDATE

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbupdate, list, items, v1, [ v2, v3, v4......v14 ]

 INPUTS:
	list - entries in database to be updated, scalar or vector
		If list=-1 then all entries will be updated
	items -standard list of items that will be updated.  
	v1,v2....v14 - vectors containing values for specified items.  The
		number of vectors supplied must equal the number of items
		specified.   The number of elements in each vector should be
		the same.

 EXAMPLES:
	A database STAR contains RA and DEC in radians, convert to degrees

	IDL> !PRIV=2 & dbopen,'STAR',1          ;Open database for update
	IDL> dbext,-1,'RA,DEC',ra,dec          ;Extract RA and DEC, all entries 
	IDL> ra = ra*!RADEG & dec=dec*!RADEG    ;Convert to degrees
	IDL> dbupdate,-1,'RA,DEC',ra,dec        ;Update database with new values

 NOTES:
	It is quicker to update several items simultaneously rather than use
	repeated calls to DBUPDATE.  
 
	It is possible to update multiple valued items.  In this case, the
	input vector should be of dimension (NVAL,NLIST) where NVAL is the
	number of values per item, and NLIST is the number of entries to be
	updated.  This vector will be temporarily transposed by DBUPDATE but
	will be restored before DBUPDATE exits.

 REVISION HISTORY
	Written W. Landsman      STX       March, 1989
	Work for multiple valued items     May, 1991
	String arrays no longer need to be fixed length      December 1992
	Transpose multiple array items back on output        December 1993
	Faster update of external databases on big endian machines November 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 24-Nov-1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbupdate.pro)


DBVAL

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 NAME:
	DBVAL
 PURPOSE:
	procedure to extract value(s) of the specified item from
	a data base file entry.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	result = dbval( entry, item )

 INPUTS:
	entry - byte array containing the entry, or a scalar entry number
	item - name (string) or number (integer) of the item

 OUTPUT:
	the value(s) will be returned as the function value

 EXAMPLE:
	Extract a flux vector from entry 28 of the database FARUV
	==> flux = dbval(28,'FLUX')

 HISTORY:
   version 2  D. Lindler Nov, 1987	(new db format)
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbval.pro)


DBWRT

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 NAME:
	DBWRT
 PURPOSE:
	procedure to update or add a new entry to a data base

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	dbwrt, entry, [ index, append, /NoConvert ]

 INPUTS:
	entry - entry record to be updated or added if first
		item (entry number=0)

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	index - optional integer flag,  if set to non zero then index
		file is  updated. (default=0, do not update index file)
		(Updating the index file is time-consuming, and should
		normally be done after all changes have been made.
	append - optional integer flag, if set to non-zero the record
		is appended as a new entry, regardless of what the
		entry number in the record is.  The entry number will
		be reset to the next entry number in the file.
 OUTPUTS:
	data base file is updated.                    
	If index is non-zero then the index file is updated.
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
	NoConvert - If set then don't convert to host format with an external
		database.    Useful when the calling program decides that
		conversion isn't needed (i.e. on a big-endian machine), or 
		takes care of the conversion itself.
 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	!PRIV must be greater than 1 to execute
 HISTORY:
	version 2  D. Lindler  Feb. 1988 (new db format)
	converted to IDL Version 2.  M. Greason, STX, June 1990.
	William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 28 May 1994
		Added support for external (IEEE) representation.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman 24-Nov-1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbwrt.pro)


DBXPUT

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 NAME:
	DBXPUT
 PURPOSE:
	routine to replace value of an item in a data base entry

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
	dbxput, val, entry, idltype, sbyte, nbytes

 INPUT:
	val - value(s) to be placed into entry, string values might be
		truncated to fit number of allowed bytes in item
	entry - entry or entries to be updated
	idltype - idl data type for item (1-7)
	sbyte - starting byte in record
	nbytes - total number of bytes in value added

 OUTPUT:
	entry - (updated)

 OPERATIONAL NOTES:
	This routine assumes that the calling procedure or user knows what he 
	or she is doing.  String items are truncated or padded to the fixed 
	size specified by the database but otherwise no validity checks are 
	made.

 HISTORY:
	version 1, D. Lindler   Aug, 1986
	converted to IDL Version 2.  M. Greason, STX, June 1990.
	Work with multiple element string items   W. Landsman  August 1995
	Really work with multiple element string items   
			R. Bergman/W. Landsman  July 1996
	Work with multiple entries, R. Schwartz, GSFC/SDAC August 1996
	Use /overwrite with REFORM() W. Landsman May 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbxput.pro)


DBXVAL

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 NAME:	
	DBXVAL

 PURPOSE:	
	Quickly return a value of the specified item number	
 EXPLANATION:
	Procedure to quickly return a value of the specified item number
	from the entry.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
	result = dbxval( entry, idltype, nvalues, sbyte, nbytes )

 INPUTS	
	entry - entry or entries from data base (bytarr) 
	idltype - idl data type (obtained with db_item_info)
	nvalues - number of values to return (obtained with db_item)
	sbyte - starting byte in the entry (obtained with db_item)
	nbytes - number of bytes (needed only for string type)
			(obtained with db_item)

 OUTPUTS:	
	function value is value of the specified item in entry

 RESTRICTIONS:	
	To increase speed the routine assumes that entry and item are
	valid and that the data base is already opened using dbopen.

 REVISION HISTORY:	
	version 0  D. Lindler Nov. 1987  (for new db format)
 	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 28 March 1994.
			Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, Richard Schwartz, GSFC/SDAC, 23 August 1996
			Allowed Entry to have 2 dimensions
 	Version 2.1, 22 Feb 1997, JK Feggans, 
				avoid reform for strings arrays.
	Version 2.2 	Use overwrite with REFORM(),  W. Landsman,  May 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dbxval.pro)


DB_ENT2EXT

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 NAME:
	DB_ENT2EXT
 PURPOSE:
	Convert a database entry to external (IEEE) data format
 EXPLANATION: 
	Converts a database entry to external (IEEE) data format prior to
	writing it.  Called from DBWRT.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	DB_ENT2EXT, ENTRY

 INPUTS:
	ENTRY	= Byte array containing a single record to be written to the
		  database file.

 OUTPUTS:
	ENTRY	= The converted array is returned in place of the input array.

 COMMON BLOCKS:
	DB_COM

 HISTORY:
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 15 September 1995
			Fixed bug where only the first element in a
			multidimensional array was converted.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_ent2ext.pro)


DB_ENT2HOST

[Previous Routine] [Next Routine] [List of Routines]
 NAME:
	DB_ENT2HOST
 PURPOSE:
	Converts a database entry from external data format to host format.
 EXPLANATION:
	All items are extracted from the entry, and then converted to host 
	format, and placed back into the entry.  Called from DBRD and DBEXT_DBF.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	DB_ENT2HOST, ENTRY, DBNO

 INPUTS:
	ENTRY	= Byte array containing a single record read from the
		  database file.
	DBNO	= Number of the opened database file.

 OUTPUTS:
	ENTRY	= The converted array is returned in place of the input array.

 COMMON BLOCKS:
	DB_COM

 HISTORY:
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 15 September 1995
			Fixed bug where only the first element in a
			multidimensional array was converted.
	Version 3, Richard Schwartz, GSFC/SDAC, 23 August 1996
		Allow 2 dimensional byte arrays for entries to facilitate 
		multiple entry processing.    Pass IDLTYPE onto IEEE_TO_HOST
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_ent2host.pro)


DB_INFO

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 NAME:
	DB_INFO
 PURPOSE:
	Function to obtain information on opened data base file(s)

 CALLING SEQUENCES:
	1)  result = db_info(request)
	2)  result = db_info(request,dbname)
 INPUTS (calling sequence 1):

	request - string specifying requested value(s)
		value of request	  value returned in result
			'open'		Flag set to 1 if data base(s) are opened
			'number'	Number of data base files opened
			'items'		Total number of items (all db's opened)
			'update'	update flag (1 if opened for update)
			'unit_dbf'	Unit number of the .dbf files
			'unit_dbx'	Unit number of the .dbx files
			'entries'	Number of entries in the db's
			'length'	Record lengths for the db's
			'external'	True if the db's are in external format

 INPUTS (calling sequence 2):

	request - string specifying requested value(s)
		   value of request	  value returned in result
			'name'		Name of the data base
			'number'	Sequential number of the db
			'items'		Number of items for this db
			'item1'		Position of item1 for this db
					in item list for all db's
			'item2'		Position of last item for this db.
			'pointer'	Number of the item which points
					to this db. 0 for first or primary
					db.  -1 if link file pointers.
			'length'	Record length for this db.
			'title'		Title of the data base
			'unit_dbf'	Unit number of the .dbf file
			'unit_dbx'	Unit number of the .dbx file
	    		'entries'	Number of entries in the db
			'seqnum'	Last sequence number used
			'alloc'		Allocated space (# entries)
			'update'	1 if data base opened for update
			'external'	True if data base in external format

	dbname - data base name or number
 OUTPUTS:
	Requested value(s) are returned as the function value.

 HISTORY:
	version 1  D. Lindler    Oct. 1987
       changed type from 1 to 7 for IDLV2, J. Isensee, Nov., 1990
	William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 30 May 1994
		Added EXTERNAL request type.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_info.pro)


DB_ITEM

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 NAME:	
	DB_ITEM
 PURPOSE:	
	Returns the item numbers and other info. for an item name.
 EXPLANATION:	
	Procedure to return the item numbers and other information
	of a specified item name

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
	db_item, items, itnum, ivalnum, idltype, sbyte, numvals, nbytes

 INPUTS:	
	items - item name or number
		form 1  scalar string giving item(s) as list of names
			separated by commas
		form 2  string array giving list of item names
		form 3	string of form '$filename' giving name
			of text file containing items (one item per
			line)
		form 4  integer scalar giving single item number or
			  integer vector list of item numbers
		form 5  Null string specifying interactive selection
                       Upon return items will contain selected items
                       in form 1
		form 6	'*'	select all items

 OUTPUTS:	
	itnum - item number
	ivalnum - value(s) number from multiple valued item
	idltype - data type(s) (1=string,2=byte,4=i*4,...)
	sbyte - starting byte(s) in entry
	numvals - number of data values for item(s)
		It is the full length of a vector item unless
		a subscript was supplied
	nbytes - number of bytes for each value
    All outputs are vectors even if a single item is requested

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:	
	ERRMSG   = If defined and passed, then any error messages will
		be returned to the user in this parameter rather than depending
		on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are encountered, 
		then a null string is returned.  In order to use this feature, 
		ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

				ERRMSG = ''
				DB_ITEM, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
				IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
	DATATYPE, DB_INFO, GETTOK, SCREEN_SELECT, SPEC_DIR

 REVISION HISTORY:
 	Written     :	D. Lindler, GSFC/HRS, October 1987
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 17-Mar-1997
			Added keyword ERRMSG
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   October 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_item.pro)


DB_ITEM_INFO

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 NAME:
	DB_ITEM_INFO
 PURPOSE:
	routine to return information on selected item(s) in the opened
	data bases.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	result = db_item_info( request, itnums)
 INPUTS:
	request - string giving the requested information.
		'name'		- item names
		'idltype'	- IDL data type (integers)
				  see documentation of intrinsic SIZE funtion
		'nvalues'	- vector item length (1 for scalar)
		'sbyte'		- starting byte in .dbf record (use bytepos
				  to get starting byte in record returned by
				  dbrd)
		'nbytes'	- bytes per data value
		'index'		- index types
		'description'	- description of the item
		'pflag'		- pointer item flags
		'pointer'	- data bases the items point to
		'format'	- print formats
		'flen'		- print field length
		'headers'	- print headers
		'bytepos'	- starting byte in dbrd record for the items
		'dbnumber'	- number of the opened data base
		'pnumber'	- number of db it points to (if the db is
					opened)
		'itemnumber'	- item number in the file

	itnums -(optional) Item numbers.  If not supplied info on all items
		are returned.
 OUTPUT:
	Requested information is returned as a vector.  Its type depends
	on the item requested.
 HISTORY:
	version 1  D. Lindler  Nov. 1987
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_item_info.pro)


DB_OR

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 NAME:
	DB_OR
 PURPOSE:
	Combine two vectors of entry numbers, removing duplicate values.
 EXPLANATION:
	DB_OR can also be used to remove duplicate values from any longword 
	vector

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	LIST = DB_OR( LIST1 )          ;Remove duplicate values from LIST1
		or
	LIST = DB_OR( LIST1, LIST2 )   ;Concatenate LIST1 and LIST2, remove dups

 INPUTS:
	LIST1, LIST2 - Vectors containing entry numbers, must be non-negative
			integers or longwords.
 OUTPUT:
	LIST - Vector containing entry numbers in either LIST1 or LIST2
  
 METHOD
	DB_OR returns where the histogram of the entry vectors is non-zero

 PROCEDURE CALLS
	ZPARCHECK - checks parameters  
 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written,     W. Landsman             February, 1989
	Check for degenerate values  W.L.    February, 1993
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_or.pro)


DB_TITLES

[Previous Routine] [Next Routine] [List of Routines]
 NAME:
	DB_TITLES

 PURPOSE:
	Print database name and title.  Called by DBHELP

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	db_titles, fnames, titles

 INPUT:
	fnames - string array of data base names

 SIDE EFFECT:
	Database name is printed along with the description in the .dbh file

 HISTORY:
	version 2  W. Landsman May, 1989
	modified to work under Unix, D. Neill, ACC, Feb 1991.
	William Thompson, GSFC/CDS (ARC), 1 June 1994
		Added support for external (IEEE) representation.
	William Thompson, GSFC, 3 November 1994
			Modified to allow ZDBASE to be a path string.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/db_titles.pro)


DEF_DIRLIST

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 NAME:	
       DEF_DIRLIST

 PURPOSE:
       Define directory list using setenv or setlog

 EXPLANATION:	
       Environment variables which point to a list of directories can
       end up to be very long.  In VMS this can be a problem, because logical 
       names cannot be longer than 256 characters.  However, it is possible to
       get around this in VMS by assigning multiple values to a single logical
       name--a facility that does not exist in Unix.

       This routine will define the environment variable as either a delimited
       string, or as a series of values, whichever is most appropriate.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
       DEF_DIRLIST, EVAR, VALUE
 INPUTD:	
       EVAR = The name of the environment variable to define.
       VALUE = The value to give to EVAR.  This can be either a single, 
               delimited string, or it can be an array of directory names.
               The routine will choose for itself how to use this to define the 
               environment variable.

 EXAMPLES:	
       DIRS = FIND_ALL_DIR('+/data/fits')
       DEF_DIRLIST, 'FITS_DATA', DIRS

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       SETENV, STR_SEP()
	Note: The intrinsic SETENV command is available under Unix & Windows
	only.   However, it is available as a Library procedure for VMS.

 REVISION HISTORY:	
	Version 1, 06-Aug-1996, William Thompson, GSFC
       Converted to IDL V5.0   June 1998    W. Landsman

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/def_dirlist.pro)


DELVARX

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 NAME: 
	DELVARX
 PURPOSE: 
 	Delete variables for memory management (can call from routines) 
 EXPLANATION:
	Like intrinsic DELVAR function, but can be used from any calling level

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
 	DELVARX,  a [,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j]

 INPUTS: 
	p0, p1...p9 - variables to delete

 RESTRICTIONS: 
	Can't use recursively due to EXECUTE function

 METHOD: 
	Uses EXECUTE and TEMPORARY function   

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Copied from the Solar library, written by slf, 25-Feb-1993
	Added to Astronomy Library,  September 1995
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/delvarx.pro)


DEREDD

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 NAME:
     DEREDD

 PURPOSE:
     Deredden stellar Stromgren parameters given for a value of E(b-y)
 EXPLANATION:
     See the procedure UVBYBETA for more info.

  CALLING SEQUENCE:
     deredd, eby, by, m1, c1, ub, by0, m0, c0, ub0

  INPUTS:
     Eby - color index E(b-y),scalar  (E(b-y) = 0.73*E(B-V) )
     by - b-y color (observed)
     m1 - Stromgren line blanketing parameter (observed)
     c1 - Stromgren Balmer discontinuity parameter (observed)
     ub - u-b color (observed)

  OUTPUTS:
     by0 - b-y color (dereddened)
     m0 - Line blanketing index (dereddened)
     c0 - Balmer discontinuity parameter (dereddened)
     ub0 - u-b color (dereddened)

  REVISION HISTORY:
     Adapted from FORTRAN routine DEREDD by T.T. Moon 
     W. Landsman          STX Co.        April, 1988
     Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/deredd.pro)


DETABIFY

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 NAME:
	DETABIFY
 PURPOSE:
	Replaces tabs in character strings with appropriate number of spaces
 EXPLANATION:
	The number of space characters inserted is calculated to space
	out to the next effective tab stop, each of which is eight characters
	apart.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	Result = DETABIFY( CHAR_STR )

 INPUT PARAMETERS:
	CHAR_STR = Character string variable (or array) to remove tabs from.

 OUTPUT:
	Result of function is CHAR_STR with tabs replaced by spaces.

 RESTRICTIONS:
	CHAR_STR must be a character string variable.

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	William Thompson, Feb. 1992.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/detabify.pro)


DISMOUNT

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 NAME:	
	DISMOUNT

 PURPOSE:	
	Emulates the VMS DISMOUNT function in Unix.

 EXPLANATION :	
	Emulates the VMS DISMOUNT function in the Unix environment.
	Although this is not a standard IDL function, it is available
	as a separate LINKIMAGE routine for VMS.

		The main purpose of this procedure is to close the file unit
		open on the tape device, and optionally to unload the tape.
		Errors can result if the tape is unloaded manually rather than
		using this routine.

		**Unix only**

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
	DISMOUNT, UNIT

 Inputs      :	UNIT = Tape unit number.  Tape drives are selected via the UNIX
		       environment variables "MT1", "MT2", etc.  The desired
		       tape drive is thus specified by numbers, as in VMS.
		       Must be from 0 to 9.

 Opt. Inputs :	None.

 Outputs     :	None.

 Opt. Outputs:	None.

 Keywords    :	NOUNLOAD = If set, then the tape is simply rewound, not taken
			   off line.

 Calls       :	CHECK_TAPE_DRV

 Common      :	CHCK_TAPE_DRVS contains array TAPE_LUN, containing logical unit
		numbers for each tape device, and TAPE_OPEN, which tells
		whether each device is open or not.

 Restrictions:	The environment variable "MTn", where n corresponds to the
		variable UNIT, must be defined.  E.g.,

			setenv MT0 /dev/nrst0

		Requires IDL v3.0 or later.

 Side effects:	The device file is opened.

 Category    :	Utilities, I/O, Tape.

 Prev. Hist. :	None.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, 21 December 1993.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 December 1993.

 Version     :	Version 1, 21 December 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dismount.pro)


DIST_CIRCLE

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 NAME: 
      DIST_CIRCLE
 PURPOSE:      
      Form a square array where each value is its distance to a given center.
 EXPLANATION:
      Returns a square array in which the value of each element is its 
      distance to a specified center. Useful for circular aperture photometry.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      DIST_CIRCLE, IM, N, [ XCEN, YCEN,  /DOUBLE ]

 INPUTS:
      N = either  a scalar specifying the size of the N x N square output
               array, or a 2 element vector specifying the size of the
               N x M rectangular output array.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
      XCEN,YCEN = Scalars designating the X,Y pixel center.  These need
               not be integers, and need not be located within the
               output image.   If not supplied then the center of the output
               image is used (XCEN = YCEN = (N-1)/2.).

 OUTPUTS:
       IM  - N by N (or M x N) floating array in which the value of each 
               pixel is equal to its distance to XCEN,YCEN

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
       /DOUBLE - If this keyword is set and nonzero, the output array will
               be of type DOUBLE rather than floating point.

 EXAMPLE:
       Total the flux in a circular aperture within 3' of a specified RA
       and DEC on an 512 x 512 image IM, with a header H.

       IDL> adxy, H, RA, DEC, x, y       ;Convert RA and DEC to X,Y
       IDL> getrot, H, rot, cdelt        ;CDELT gives plate scale deg/pixel
       IDL> cdelt = cdelt*3600.          ;Convert to arc sec/pixel
       IDL> dist_circle, circle, 512, x, y  ;Create a distance circle image
       IDL> circle = circle*abs(cdelt[0])   ;Distances now given in arcseconds
       IDL> good = where(circle LT 180)  ;Within 3 arc minutes
       IDL> print,total( IM[good] )      ;Total pixel values within 3'

 RESTRICTIONS:
       The speed of DIST_CIRCLE decreases and the the demands on virtual
       increase as the square of the output dimensions.   Users should
       dimension the output array as small as possible, and re-use the
       array rather than re-calling DIST_CIRCLE

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Adapted from DIST    W. Landsman            March 1991
       Allow a rectangular output array   W. Landsman     June 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Add /DOUBLE keyword, make XCEN,YCEN optional  W. Landsman Jun 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dist_circle.pro)


DIST_ELLIPSE

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 NAME:
       DIST_ELLIPSE
 PURPOSE:
       Create a mask array useful for elliptical aperture photemetry
 EXPLANATION:
       Form an array in which the value of each element is equal to the
       semi-major axis of the ellipse of specified center, axial ratio, and 
       position  angle, which passes through that element.  Useful for 
       elliptical aperture photometry.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       DIST_ELLIPSE, IM, N, XC, YC, RATIO, POS_ANG, /DOUBLE

 INPUTS:
       N = either  a scalar specifying the size of the N x N square output
               array, or a 2 element vector specifying the size of the
               M x N rectangular output array.
       XC,YC - Scalars giving the position of the ellipse center.   This does
               not necessarily have to be within the image
       RATIO - Scalar giving the ratio of the major to minor axis.   This 
               should be greater than 1 for postion angle to have its 
               standard meaning.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
       POS_ANG - Position angle of the major axis, measured counter-clockwise
               from the Y axis.  For an image in standard orientation 
               (North up, East left) this is the astronomical position angle.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
       /DOUBLE - If this keyword is set and nonzero, the output array will
               be of type DOUBLE rather than floating point.

 OUTPUT:
       IM - REAL*4 elliptical mask array, of size M x N.  THe value of each 
               pixel is equal to the semi-major axis of the ellipse of center
                XC,YC, axial ratio RATIO, and position angle POS_ANG, which 
               passes through the pixel.

 EXAMPLE:
       Total the flux in a elliptical aperture with a major axis of 3', an
       axial ratio of 2.3, and a position angle of 25 degrees centered on 
       a specified RA and DEC.   The image array, IM is 200 x 200, and has 
       an associated FITS header H.

       ADXY, H, ra, dec, x, y       ;Get X and Y corresponding to RA and Dec
       GETROT, H, rot, cdelt        ;CDELT gives plate scale degrees/pixel
       cdelt = abs( cdelt)*3600.    ;CDELT now in arc seconds/pixel
       DIST_ELLIPSE, ell, 200, x, y, 2.3, 25  ;Create a elliptical image mask
       ell = ell*cdelt(0)           ;Distances now given in arcseconds
       good = where( ell lt 180 )   ;Within 3 arc minutes
       print,total( im(good) )      ;Total pixel values within 3'

 RESTRICTIONS:
       The speed of DIST_ELLIPSE decreases and the the demands on virtual
       increase as the square of the output dimensions.   Users should
       dimension the output array as small as possible, and re-use the
       array rather than re-calling DIST_ELLIPSE

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written    W. Landsman             April, 1991
       Somewhat faster algorithm          August, 1992
       Allow rectangular output array     June, 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added /DOUBLE keyword   W. Landsman   July 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/dist_ellipse.pro)


EQPOLE

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 NAME:
       EQPOLE
 PURPOSE:
       Convert RA and Dec to X,Y using an equal-area polar projection.
 EXPLANATION:
       The output X and Y coordinates are scaled to be between
       -90 and +90 to go from equator to pole to equator. Output map points 
       can be centered on the north pole or south pole.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       EQPOLE, L, B, X, Y, [ /SOUTHPOLE ]

 INPUTS:
       L - longitude - scalar or vector, in degrees
       B - latitude - same number of elements as RA, in degrees

 OUTPUTS:
       X - X coordinate, same number of elements as RA.   X is normalized to
               be between -90 and 90.
       Y - Y coordinate, same number of elements as DEC.  Y is normalized to
               be between -90 and 90.

 KEYWORDS:

       /SOUTHPOLE      - Keyword to indicate that the plot is to be centered 
               on the south pole instead of the north pole.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       J. Bloch        LANL, SST-9     1.1     5/16/91
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/eqpole.pro)


EQPOLE_GRID

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 NAME:
       EQPOLE_GRID

 PURPOSE:
       Produce an equal area polar projection grid overlay
 EXPLANATION:
       Grid is written on the current graphics device using the equal area 
       polar projection.   EQPOLE_GRID assumes that the output plot 
       coordinates span the x and y ranges of -90 to 90 for a region that 
       covers the equator to the chosen pole. The grid is assumed to go from 
       the equator to the chosen pole.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:

       EQPOLE_GRID[,DLONG,DLAT,[/SOUTHPOLE,LINESTYLE=N, LABEL = , /NEW]

 INPUTS:

       DLONG   = Optional input longitude line spacing in degrees. If left
                 out, defaults to 30.
       DLAT    = Optional input lattitude line spacing in degrees. If left
                 out, defaults to 30.

 INPUT KEYWORDS:

       /SOUTHPOLE       = Optional flag indicating that the output plot is
                         to be centered on the south rather than the north
                         pole.
       LINESTYLE       = Optional input integer specifying the linestyle to
                         use for drawing the grid lines.
       LABEL           = Optional flag for creating labels on the output
                         grid on the prime meridian and the equator for
                         lattitude and longitude lines. If set =2, then
                         the longitude lines are labeled in hours and minutes.
       /NEW          =   If this keyword is set, then EQPOLE_GRID will create
                         a new plot, rather than overlay an existing plot.

 OUTPUTS:
       Draws grid lines on current graphics device.

 EXAMPLE:
       Create a labeled equal area projection grid of the Galaxy, centered on
       the South pole, and overlay stars at specified Galactic longitudes, 
       glong and latitudes, glat

       IDL> eqpole_grid,/label,/new,/south       ;Create labeled grid
       IDL> eqpole, glong, glat, x,y      ;Convert to X,Y coordinates
       IDL> plots,x,y,psym=2              ;Overplot "star" positions.


 COPYRIGHT NOTICE:

       Copyright 1992, The Regents of the University of California. This
       software was produced under U.S. Government contract (W-7405-ENG-36)
       by Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is operated by the
       University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy.
       The U.S. Government is licensed to use, reproduce, and distribute
       this software. Neither the Government nor the University makes
       any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any liability or
       responsibility for the use of this software.

 AUTHOR AND MODIFICATIONS:

       J. Bloch        1.4     10/28/92
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Create default plotting coords, if needed   W. Landsman  August 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/eqpole_grid.pro)


EULER

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 NAME:
     EULER
 PURPOSE:
     Transform between Galactic, celestial, and ecliptic coordinates.
 EXPLANATION:
     Use the procedure ASTRO to use this routine interactively

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      EULER, AI, BI, AO, BO, [ SELECT, /FK4 ] 

 INPUTS:
       AI - Input Longitude in DEGREES, scalar or vector.  If only two 
               parameters are supplied, then  AI and BI will be modified to 
               contain the output longitude and latitude.
       BI - Input Latitude in DEGREES

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
       SELECT - Integer (1-6) specifying type of coordinate transformation.  

      SELECT   From          To        |   SELECT      From            To
       1     RA-Dec (2000)  Galactic   |     4       Ecliptic      RA-Dec    
       2     Galactic       RA-DEC     |     5       Ecliptic      Galactic  
       3     RA-Dec         Ecliptic   |     6       Galactic      Ecliptic  

      If omitted, program will prompt for the value of SELECT
      Celestial coordinates (RA, Dec) should be given in equinox J2000 
      unless the /FK4 keyword is set.
 OUTPUTS:
       AO - Output Longitude in DEGREES
       BO - Output Latitude in DEGREES

 INPUT KEYWORD:
       /FK4 - If this keyword is set and non-zero, then input and output 
             celestial and ecliptic coordinates should be given in equinox 
             B1950.

 NOTES:
       EULER was changed in December 1998 to use J2000 coordinates as the 
       default, ** and may be incompatible with earlier versions***.
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written W. Landsman,  February 1987
       Adapted from Fortran by Daryl Yentis NRL
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Made J2000 the default, added /FK4 keyword  W. Landsman December 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/euler.pro)


EXPAND_TILDE()

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 NAME:
	 EXPAND_TILDE()
               
 PURPOSE: 
	Expand tilde in UNIX directory names
               
 CALLING SEQUENCE: 
	IDL> output=expand_tilde(input)
    
 INPUTS: 
	INPUT = input file or directory name, scalar string

 OUTPUT:
	Returns expanded filename, scalar string
               
 EXAMPLES: 
	output=expand_tilde('~zarro/test.doc')
               ---> output='/usr/users/zarro'

 NOTES:
       This version of EXPAND_TILDE differs from the version in the Solar
       Library in that it does not call the functions EXIST and IDL_RELEASE.
       However, it should work identically.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
	DATATYPE()
 REVISION HISTORY: 
	Version 1,  17-Feb-1997,  D M Zarro.  Written
	Transfered from Solar Library   W. Landsman   Sep. 1997
       Made more robust  D.Zarro/W. Landsman   Sep. 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/expand_tilde.pro)


EXTAST

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 NAME:
     EXTAST
 PURPOSE:
     Extract astrometry parameters from a FITS image header.
 EXPLANATION:
     The astrometry in the header can be in either CD (Coordinate
     description) format, or CROTA and CDELT (AIPS-type) format.
     However, the output astrometry will always be in CD format.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     EXTAST, hdr, [ astr, noparams ]   

 INPUT:
     HDR - variable containing the FITS header (string array)

 OUTPUTS:
     ASTR - Anonymous structure containing astrometry info from the FITS 
             header ASTR always contains the following tags (even though 
             some projections do not require all the parameters)
      .CD   -  2 x 2 array containing the astrometry parameters CD1_1 CD1_2
               in DEGREES/PIXEL                                   CD2_1 CD2_2
      .CDELT - 2 element vector giving physical increment at reference pixel
      .CRPIX - 2 element vector giving X and Y coordinates of reference pixel
               (def = NAXIS/2) in FITS convention (first pixel is 1,1)
      .CRVAL - 2 element double precision vector giving R.A. and DEC of 
             reference pixel in DEGREES
      .CTYPE - 2 element string vector giving projection types, default
             ['RA---TAN','DEC--TAN']
      .LONGPOLE - scalar longitude of north pole (default = 180) 
      .PROJP1 - Scalar parameter needed in some projections
      .PROJP2 - Scalar parameter needed in some projections

       NOPARAMS -  Scalar indicating the results of EXTAST
             -1 = Failure - Header missing astrometry parameters
             0 = Success - Header contains CD00n00m + CDELT* astrometry
             1 = Success - Header contains CROTA + CDELT (AIPS-type) astrometry
             2 = Success - Header contains CDn_m astrometry.    As of Nov 1998,
                           this is the recommend format 
 PROCEDURE
       EXTAST checks for astrometry parameters in the following order:
       (1) the CD matrix CD1_1,CD1_2... plus CRPIX and CRVAL.   
       (2) the CD matrix CD001001,CD001002...plus CRPIX and CRVAL
       (3) CROTA2 (or CROTA1) and CDELT plus CRPIX and CRVAL.
       See the preprint: Representations of Celestial Coordinates in FITS by
       Griesen and Calabretta, available at 
       http://www.cv.nrao.edu/fits/documents/wcs/wcs.html

 NOTES:
       (1) An anonymous structure is created to avoid structure definition
               conflicts.    This is needed because some projection systems
               require additional dimensions (i.e. spherical cube
               projections require a specification of the cube face).

 PROCEDURES CALLED:
       FITS_CD_FIX, GSSSEXTAST, SXPAR(), ZPARCHECK
 REVISION HISTORY
      Written by B. Boothman 4/15/86
      Accept CD001001 keywords               1-3-88
      Accept CD1_1, CD2_1... keywords    W. Landsman    Nov. 92
      Recognize GSSS FITS header         W. Landsman    June 94
      Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
      Get correct sign, when converting CDELT* to CD matrix for right-handed
      coordinate system                  W. Landsman   November 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/extast.pro)


EXTGRP

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 NAME:
	EXTGRP
 PURPOSE:
	Extract the group parameter information out of SXREAD output
 EXPLANATION:
	This procedure extracts the group parameter information out of a 
	header and parameter variable obtained from SXREAD.  This allows 
	astrometry, photometry and other parameters to be easily SXPARed by 
	conventional methods and allows the image and header to be saved in 
	a SIMPLE format.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ExtGrp, hdr, par

 INPUT:
	HDR - The header which is to be converted (input and output)
	PAR - The Parameter string returned from a call to SXREAD

 OUTPUT:
	HDR -  The converted header, string array

 OTHER PROCEDURES CALLED:
	SXPAR(), SXADDPAR, SXGPAR(), STRN()

 HISTORY:
	25-JUN-90 Version 1 written
	13-JUL-92 Header finally added to this ancient procedure, code spiffed up
	a bit.  Now 3 times faster.  Added PTYPE comment inclusion.  E. Deutsch
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/extgrp.pro)


EXTRAP

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 NAME:
       EXTRAP

 PURPOSE:
       This procedure fills in the ends of a one-dimensional array from
       interior portions using polynomial extrapolation.

 CATEGORY:
       Image processing

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       EXTRAP, Deg, X, Y, Y2

 INPUT POSITIONAL PARAMETERS:
       Deg:   Degree of polynomial
       X:     Independent variable
       Y:     Dependent variable

 KEYWORD PARAMETERS:
       LIMS:  3-element array giving range of X to be used to fit
              polynomial and starting point where extrapolation is
              to be substituted; if not given, you click on a plot;
              order of elements is [xmin, xmax, xstart]; if LIMS is
              specified, then program is silent

 OUTPUT POSITIONAL PARAMETERS:
       Y2:    Dependent variable with extrapolated portion filled in

 SIDE EFFECTS:
     May pop a window for selecting range.

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
     Written by RSH, RITSS, 14 Aug 98
     Spiffed up for library.  RSH, 6 Oct 98

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/skyadj_cube.pro)


FACTOR

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 NAME:
       FACTOR
 PURPOSE:
       Find prime factors of a given number.
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     FACTOR, x, p, n
 INPUTS:
      x = Number to factor, scalar positive integer
 OUTPUT PARAMETERS:
      p = Array of prime numbers.    
      n = Count of each element of p. 
 INPUT KEYWORD PARAMETER: 
      /HELP - Display help documentation
 PROCEDURES USED:
      PRIME()
      Also see numfactors, print_fact in the JHUAPL Library
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       R. Sterner.  4 Oct, 1988.
       RES 25 Oct, 1990 --- converted to IDL V2.
       Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory.

 Copyright (C) 1988, Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory
 This software may be used, copied, or redistributed as long as it is not
 sold and this copyright notice is reproduced on each copy made.  This
 routine is provided as is without any express or implied warranties
 whatsoever.  Other limitations apply as described in the file disclaimer.txt.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/factor.pro)


FDECOMP

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 NAME:
     FDECOMP
 PURPOSE:
     Routine to decompose a file name for any operating system

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     FDECOMP, filename, disk, dir, name, qual, version, [OSFamily = ]

 INPUT:
     filename - string file name, scalar

 OUTPUTS:
     All the output parameters are scalar strings
       disk - disk name, always '' on a Unix machine, scalar string
       dir - directory name, scalar string
       name - file name, scalar string
       qual - qualifier, set equal to the characters beyond the last "."
       version - version number, always '' on a non-VMS machine, scalar string

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
     OSFamily - one of the four scalar strings specifying the operating 
             system:  'vms','Windows','MacOS' or 'unix'.    If not supplied,
             then !VERSION.OS_FAMILY is used to determine the OS.
 EXAMPLES:
     Consider the following file names 

     Unix:    file = '/rsi/idl40/avg.pro' 
     VMS:     file = '$1$dua5:[rsi.idl40]avg.pro;3
     Mac:     file = 'Macintosh HD:Programs:avg.pro'
     Windows: file =  'd:\rsi\idl40\avg.pro'
       
     then IDL> FDECOMP,  file, disk, dir, name, qual, version
       will return the following

                 Disk             Dir          Name        Qual     Version
       Unix:      ''            '/rsi/idl40/'  'avg'       'pro'       ''
       VMS:     '$1$dua5'       '[RSI.IDL40]'  'avg'       'pro'       '3'
       Mac:     'Macintosh HD'  ':Programs:'   'avg'       'pro'       ''
       Windows:    'd:'         \rsi\idl40\    'avg'       'pro'       ''

 NOTES:
     (1) All tokens are removed between
           1) name and qual  (i.e period is removed)
           2) qual and ver   (i.e. VMS semicolon is removed)
     (2) On VMS the filenames "MOTD" and "MOTD." are distinguished by the 
         fact that qual = '' for the former and qual = ' ' for the latter.

     A version of FDECOMP that accepts vector input strings is available for
     IDL V5.3 or later from http://idlastro.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftp/v53/
 ROUTINES CALLED:
     Function GETTOK()
 HISTORY
     version 1  D. Lindler  Oct 1986
     Include VMS DECNET machine name in disk    W. Landsman  HSTX  Feb. 94
     Converted to Mac IDL, I. Freedman HSTX March 1994          
     Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fdecomp.pro)


FILTER_IMAGE

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 NAME:
	FILTER_IMAGE

 PURPOSE:
	Identical to MEDIAN or SMOOTH but handle edges and allow iterations.
 EXPLANATION:
	Computes the average and/or median of pixels in moving box,
	replacing center pixel with the computed average and/or median,
		(using the IDL smooth or median functions).
	The main reason for using this function is the options to
	also process the pixels at edges and corners of image, and,
	to apply iterative smoothing simulating convolution with Gaussian,
	and/or to convolve image with a Gaussian kernel.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	Result = filter_image( image, SMOOTH=box_width, /MEDIAN, /ALL )

 INPUT:
	image = 2-D array (matrix)

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	SMOOTH = scalar (odd) integer specifying the width of a square box 
		for moving average, in # pixels.
	/SMOOTH  means use box width = 3 pixels for smoothing.

	MEDIAN = scalar (odd) integer specifying the width of square moving 
		box for median filter, in # pixels.
	/MEDIAN  means use box width = 3 pixels for median filter.
   
	/ALL_PIXELS causes the edges of image to be filtered as well,
		accomplished by reflecting pixels adjacent to edges outward.

	/ITERATE means apply smooth(image,3) iteratively for a count of
		(box_width-1)/2 times (=radius), when box_width >= 5.
		This is equivalent to convolution with a Gaussian PSF
		of FWHM = 2 * sqrt( radius ) as radius gets large.
		Note that /ALL_PIXELS is automatically applied,
		giving better results in the iteration limit.
		(also, MEDIAN keyword is ignored when /ITER is specified).

	FWHM_GAUSSIAN = Full-width half-max of Gaussian to convolve with image. 
			FWHM can be a single number (circular beam),
			or 2 numbers giving axes of elliptical beam.

	/NO_FT_CONVOL causes the convolution to be computed directly,
		with IDL function convol.
		The default is to use FFT when factors of size are all LE 13.
		(note that external function convolve handles both cases)

 RESULT:
	Function returns the smoothed, median filtered, or convolved image.
	If both SMOOTH and MEDIAN are specified, median filter is applied first.

 EXAMPLES:
	To apply 3x3 moving median filter and
	then 3x3 moving average, both applied to all pixels:

		Result = filter_image( image, /SMOOTH, /MEDIAN, /ALL )

	To iteratively apply 3x3 moving average filter for 4 = (9-1)/2 times,
	thus approximating convolution with Gaussian of FWHM = 2*sqrt(4) = 4 :

		Result = filter_image( image, SMOOTH=9, /ITER )

	To convolve all pixels with Gaussian of FWHM = 3.7 x 5.2 pixels:

		Result = filter_image( image, FWHM=[3.7,5.2], /ALL )

 EXTERNAL CALLS:
	function psf_gaussian
	function convolve
	pro factor
	function prime		;all these called only if FWHM is specified.

 PROCEDURE:
	If /ALL_PIXELS or /ITERATE keywords are set then
	create a larger image by reflecting the edges outward,
	then call the IDL median and/or smooth function on the larger image,
	and just return the central part (the orginal size image).
 HISTORY:
	Written, 1991, Frank Varosi, NASA/GSFC.
	FV, 1992, added /ITERATE option.
	FV, 1993, added FWHM_GAUSSIAN= option.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/filter_image.pro)


FIND

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 NAME:
	FIND
 PURPOSE:
	Find positive brightness perturbations (i.e stars) in an image 
 EXPLANATION:
	Also returns centroids and shape parameters (roundness & sharpness).
	Adapted from 1986 STSDAS version of DAOPHOT.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	FIND, image, [ x, y, flux, sharp, round, hmin, fwhm, roundlim, sharplim 
		PRINT= , /SILENT ]

 INPUTS:
	image - 2 dimensional image array (integer or real) for which one
		wishes to identify the stars present

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	FIND will prompt for these parameters if not supplied

	hmin -  Threshold intensity for a point source - should generally 
		be 3 or 4 sigma above background
	fwhm  - FWHM to be used in the convolve filter
	sharplim - 2 element vector giving low and high cutoff for the
		sharpness statistic (Default: [0.2,1.0] ).   Change this
		default only if the stars have siginificantly larger or 
		or smaller concentration than a Gaussian
	roundlim - 2 element vector giving low and high cutoff for the
		roundness statistic (Default: [-1.0,1.0] ).   Change this 
		default only if the stars are significantly elongated.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	SILENT - Normally, FIND will write out each star that meets all
		selection criteria.   If the SILENT keyword is set and 
		non-zero, then this printout is suppressed.
	PRINT - if set and non-zero then T_FIND will also write its results to
		a file FIND.PRT.   Also one can specify a different output file 
		name by setting PRINT = 'filename'.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUTS:
	x - vector containing x position of all stars identified by FIND
	y-  vector containing y position of all stars identified by FIND
	flux - vector containing flux of identified stars as determined
		by a gaussian fit.  Fluxes are NOT converted to magnitudes.
	sharp - vector containing sharpness statistic for identified stars
	round - vector containing roundness statistic for identified stars

 NOTES:
	The sharpness statistic compares the central pixel to the mean of the
	surrounding pixels.   If this difference is greater than the originally
	estimated height of the Gaussian or less than 0.2 the height of the
	Gaussian (for the default values of SHARPLIM) then the star will be
	rejected. 

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
	DATATYPE(), GETOPT
 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written W. Landsman, STX  February, 1987
	ROUND now an internal function in V3.1   W. Landsman July 1993
	Change variable name DERIV to DERIVAT    W. Landsman Feb. 1996
	Use /PRINT keyword instead of TEXTOUT    W. Landsman May  1996
	Changed loop indices to type LONG       W. Landsman Aug. 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/find.pro)


FINDPRO

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 NAME:
     FINDPRO
 PURPOSE:
     Find all locations of a procedure in the IDL !PATH
 EXPLANATION:
     FINDPRO searces for the procedure name (as a .pro or a .sav file) in all 
     IDL libraries or directories given in the !PATH system variable.  
               
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
    FINDPRO, [ Proc_Name, /NoPrint, DirList = , ProList = ]

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
     Proc_Name - Character string giving the name of the IDL procedure or 
             function. Do not include the ".pro" extension. If Proc_Name is
             omitted, the program will prompt for PROC_NAME.  "*" wildcards
             are permitted.

 OPTINAL KEYWORD INPUT:
     /NoPrint - if set, then the file's path is not printed on the screen and
             absolutely no error messages are printed on the screen.  If not
             set, then - since the MESSAGE routine is used - error messages 
             will be printed but the printing of informational messages
             depends on the value of the !Quiet variable.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD OUTPUTS:
     DirList - The directories in which the file is located are returned in
             the keyword as a string array.
             If the procedure was found in a VMS text library, then the
             full path and name of that library is returned and is prefixed
             by an "@" sign as a flag that it is a library, not a directory.
             If the procedure is an intrinsic IDL procedure, then the 
             value of DirList = ['INTRINSIC'].
             If the procedure is not found, the value of DirList = [''].
     ProList - The list (full pathnames) of procedures found.  Useful if you
             are looking for the name of a procedure using wildcards.

     The order of the names in DirList and ProList is identical to the order
     in which the procedure name appears in the !PATH
 PROCEDURE:
     The system variable !PATH is parsed using EXPAND_PATH into individual 
     libraries or directories.   Each library or directory is then 
     searched for the procedure name.  If not found in !PATH, then the 
     the name is compared with the list of intrinsic IDL procedures given
     by the ROUTINE_INFO function. 

 EXAMPLE:
     (1) Find the procedure CURVEFIT.  Assume for this example that the user
     also has a copy of the CURVEFIT.PRO procedure in her home directory
     on a Unix machine.

       IDL> findpro, 'curvefit', DIRLIST=DirList
       Procedure curvefit.pro found in directory  .
       Procedure curvefit.pro found in directory  /home/idl/lib/userlib 
       IDL> help, DirList
       DIRLIST         STRING    = Array(2) 
       IDL> help, DirList(0), DirList(1)
           STRING    = '.'
           STRING    = '/home/idl/lib/userlib' 

     (2) Find all procedures in one's !path containing the characters "zoom" 

       IDL> findpro,'*zoom*'
 RESTRICTIONS:
       User will be unable to find a path for a native IDL function
       or procedure, or for a FORTRAN or C routine added with CALL_EXTERNAL.
       Remember that Unix is case sensitive, and most procedures will be in
       lower case.

 PROCEDURES USED:
       ZPARCHECK, FDECOMP, UNIQ()
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Based on code extracted from the GETPRO procedure, J. Parker 1994
       Use the intrinsic EXPAND_PATH function    W. Landsman Nov. 1994
       Use ROUTINE_NAMES() to check for intrinsic procs   W. Landsman Jul 95
       Added Macintosh, WINDOWS compatibility    W. Landsman   Sep. 95
       Removed spurious first element in PROLIST  W. Landsman  March 1997
       Don't include duplicate directories  in !PATH  WL   May 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Use ROUTINE_INFO instead of undocumented ROUTINE_NAMES W.L. October 1998
       Also check for save sets   W. Landsman  October 1999 
       Force lower case check for VMS  W. Landsman January 2000   

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/findpro.pro)


FIND_ALL_DIR()

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 NAME:
      FIND_ALL_DIR()
 PURPOSE:
     Finds all directories under a specified directory.
 EXPLANATION:
     This routine finds all the directories in a directory tree when the
     root of the tree is specified.  This provides the same functionality as
     having a directory with a plus in front of it in the environment
     variable IDL_PATH.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     Result = FIND_ALL_DIR( PATH )

             PATHS = FIND_ALL_DIR('+mypath', /PATH_FORMAT)
             PATHS = FIND_ALL_DIR('+mypath1:+mypath2')

 INPUTS:
     PATH    = The path specification for the top directory in the tree.
               Optionally this may begin with the '+' character but the action
               is the same unless the PLUS_REQUIRED keyword is set.

               One can also path a series of directories separated
               by the correct character ("," for VMS, ":" for Unix)

 OUTPUTS:
       The result of the function is a list of directories starting from the
       top directory passed and working downward from there.   Normally, this
       will be a string array with one directory per array element, but if
       the PATH_FORMAT keyword is set, then a single string will be returned,
       in the correct format to be incorporated into !PATH.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       PATH_FORMAT     = If set, then a single string is returned, in
                                 the format of !PATH.

       PLUS_REQUIRED   = If set, then a leading plus sign is required
                       in order to expand out a directory tree.
                       This is especially useful if the input is a
                       series of directories, where some components
                       should be expanded, but others shouldn't.

       RESET   = Often FIND_ALL_DIR is used with logical names.  It
               can be rather slow to search through these subdirectories.
               The /RESET keyword can be used to redefine an environment
               variable so that subsequent calls don't need to look for the
               subdirectories.

               To use /RESET, the PATH parameter must contain the name of a
               *single* environment variable.  For example

                               setenv,'FITS_DATA=+/datadisk/fits'
                               dir = find_all_dir('FITS_DATA',/reset,/plus)

               The /RESET keyword is usually combined with /PLUS_REQUIRED.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       DEF_DIRLIST, FIND_WITH_DEF(), BREAK_PATH()

 RESTRICTIONS:
      PATH must point to a directory that actually exists.

      On VMS computers this routine calls a command file, FIND_ALL_DIR.COM
      (available only on VMS distribution) to find the directories.  This
      command file must be in one of the directories in IDL's standard search
      path, !PATH.

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written     :   William Thompson, GSFC, 3 May 1993.
       Version 6       William Thompson, GSFC, 20 August 1996
       Version 7, William Thompson, GSFC, 13 February 1998
                       Include Windows and MacOS seperators.
	Converted to V5.0, March 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/find_all_dir.pro)


FIND_WITH_DEF()

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 NAME: 
     FIND_WITH_DEF()
 PURPOSE: 
     Searches for files with a default path and extension.
 EXPLANATION:
     Finds files using default paths and extensions, similar to using the
     DEFAULT keyword with the OPEN statement in VMS.  Using this routine
     together with environment variables allows an OS-independent approach
     to finding files.
 CALLING SEQUENCE: 
     Result = FIND_WITH_DEF( FILENAME, PATHS  [, EXTENSIONS ] )

 INPUTS: 
     FILENAME   = Name of file to be searched for.  It may either be a
                    complete filename, or the path or extension could be left
                    off, in which case the routine will attempt to find the
                    file using the default paths and extensions.

     PATHS      = One or more default paths to use in the search in case
                    FILENAME does not contain a path itself.  The individual
                    paths are separated by commas, although in UNIX, colons
                    can also be used.  In other words, PATHS has the same
                    format as !PATH, except that commas can be used as a
                    separator regardless of operating system.  The current
                    directory is always searched first, unless the keyword
                    NOCURRENT is set.

                    A leading $ can be used in any path to signal that what
                    follows is an environmental variable, but the $ is not
                    necessary.  (In VMS the $ can either be part of the path,
                    or can signal logical names for compatibility with Unix.)
                    Environmental variables can themselves contain multiple
                    paths.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS: 
     EXTENSIONS = One or more extensions to append to end of filename if the
                    filename does not contain one (e.g. ".dat").  The period
                    is optional.  Multiple extensions can be separated by
                    commas or colons.
 OUTPUTS: 
     The result of the function is the name of the file if successful, or
     the null string if unsuccessful.
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS: 
     NOCURRENT = If set, then the current directory is not searched.

      RESET      = The FIND_WITH_DEF routine supports paths which are
                    preceeded with the plus sign to signal that all
                    subdirectories should also be searched.  Often this is
                    used with logical names.  It can be rather slow to search
                    through these subdirectories.  The /RESET keyword can be
                    used to redefine an environment variable so that
                    subsequent calls don't need to look for the
                    subdirectories.

                    To use /RESET, the PATHS parameter must contain the name
                    of a *single* environment variable.  For example

                     setenv,'FITS_DATA=+/datadisk/fits'
                     file = find_with_def('test.fits','FITS_DATA',/reset)

 EXAMPLE:

       FILENAME = ''
       READ, 'File to open: ', FILENAME
       FILE = FIND_WITH_DEF( FILENAME, 'SERTS_DATA', '.fix' )
       IF FILE NE '' THEN ...


 PROCEDURE CALLS: 
       BREAK_PATH(), FIND_ALL_DIR(), STR_SEP()
 REVISION HISTORY: 
       Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 3 May 1993.
               Removed trailing / and : characters.
               Fixed bugs
               Allow for commas within values of logical names.
               Added keyword NOCURRENT.
               Changed to call BREAK_PATH
       Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 3 November 1994
               Made EXTENSIONS optional.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 30 April 1996
               Call FIND_ALL_DIR to resolve any plus signs.
       Version 4, S.V. Haugan, UiO, 5 June 1996
               Using OPENR,..,ERROR=ERROR to avoid an IDL 3.6
               internal nesting error.
       Version 5, R.A. Schwartz, GSFC, 11 July 1996
               Use SPEC_DIR to interpret PATH under VMS
       Version 6, William Thompson, GSFC, 5 August 1996
               Took out call to SPEC_DIR (i.e., reverted to version 4).  The
               use of SPEC_DIR was required to support logical names defined
               via SETLOG,/CONFINE.  However, it conflicted with the ability
               to use logical names with multiple values.  Removing the
               /CONFINE made it unnecessary to call SPEC_DIR in this routine.
       Version 7, William Thompson, GSFC, 6 August 1996
               Added keyword RESET
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   October 1997
       Use STRTRIM instead of TRIM,   W. Landsman   November 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/find_with_def.pro)


FITEXY

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 NAME:
       FITEXY
 PURPOSE:
       Best straight-line fit to data with errors in both coordinates
 EXPLANATION:
       Linear Least-squares approximation in one-dimension (y = a + b*x),
               when both x and y data have errors

 CALLING EXAMPLE:
       FITEXY, x, y, A, B, X_SIG= , Y_SIG= , [sigma_A_B, chi_sq, q, TOL=]

 INPUTS:
       x = array of values for independent variable.
       y = array of data values assumed to be linearly dependent on x.

 REQUIRED INPUT KEYWORDS:
       X_SIGMA = scalar or array specifying the standard deviation of x data.
       Y_SIGMA = scalar or array specifying the standard deviation of y data.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
       TOLERANCE = desired accuracy of minimum & zero location, default=1.e-3.

 OUTPUTS:
       A_intercept = constant parameter result of linear fit,
       B_slope = slope parameter, so that:
                       ( A_intercept + B_slope * x ) approximates the y data.
 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       sigma_A_B = two element array giving standard deviation of 
                A_intercept and B_slope parameters, respectively.
                The standard deviations are not meaningful if (i) the
                fit is poor (see parameter q), or (ii) b is so large that
                the data are consistent with a vertical (infinite b) line.
                If the data are consistent with *all* values of b, then
                sigma_A_B = [1e33,e33]  
       chi_sq = resulting minimum Chi-Square of Linear fit, scalar
       q - chi-sq probability, scalar (0-1) giving the probability that
              a correct model would give a value equal or larger than the
              observed chi squared.   A small value of q indicates a poor
              fit, perhaps because the errors are underestimated.

 COMMON:
       common fitexy, communicates the data for computation of chi-square.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       CHISQ_FITEXY()            ;Included in this file
       MINF_BRACKET, MINF_PARABOLIC, ZBRENT    ;In IDL Astronomy Library 
       MOMENT(), CHISQR_PDF()     ;In standard IDL distribution

 PROCEDURE:
       From "Numerical Recipes" column by Press and Teukolsky: 
       in "Computer in Physics",  May, 1992 Vol.6 No.3
       Also see the 2nd edition of the book "Numerical Recipes" by Press et al.
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written, Frank Varosi NASA/GSFC  September 1992.
       Now returns q rather than 1-q   W. Landsman  December 1992
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Use CHISQR_PDF, MOMENT instead of STDEV,CHI_SQR1 W. Landsman April 1998
       Fixed typo for initial guess of slope, this error was nearly
             always insignificant          W. Landsman   March 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fitexy.pro)


FITSDIR

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 NAME:
     FITSDIR 
 PURPOSE:
     Provide a brief description of the primary headers of FITS disk files.  
 EXPLANATION:
     The values of the FITS keywords NAXISi, OBS-DATE (or TDATEOBS or DATE),
     TELESCOPE (or INSTRUME), OBJECT (or TARGNAME), EXPTIME (or INTEG) are
     displayed.    All of these are commonly used FITS keywords
     and all except EXPTIME are officially reserved FITS keywords.
     Keyword names in parentheses are searched if the primary keyword is not
     found.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     FITSDIR , [ directory, TEXTOUT =, /NoTelescope ] 

 OPTIONAL INPUT PARAMETERS:
     DIRECTORY - Scalar string giving file name, disk or directory to be 
             searched.   Wildcard file names are allowed.    Examples of 
             valid VMS or Unix names include '*.fit' or 'tape*'.    An 
             example of a valid VMS name is  'UIT$USER2:[JONES]*.FIT' while
                a valid Unix string is 'iraf/*.fits'.

             If not given, FITSDIR searches *.fits files in the default 
             directory.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT PARAMETER
     /NOTELESCOPE - If this keyword is set and non-zero then the value of 
               the (usually less important) TELESCOPE keyword is not 
               displayed, and more space is available to display the other 
               keyword values
                                                                    
      TEXTOUT - Controls output device as described in TEXTOPEN procedure
               textout=1       TERMINAL using /more option
               textout=2       TERMINAL without /more option
               textout=3       .prt
               textout=4       laser.tmp
               textout=5       user must open file
               textout=7       Append to existing .prt file
               textout = filename (default extension of .prt)

 OUTPUT PARAMETERS:
       None.

 RESTRICTIONS:
       (1) Field values may be truncated if their length exceeds the default
               format.

       File name    NAXISi    OBS-DATE    TELESCOPE    OBJECT    EXPTIME
          A18        A11        A10          A10        A20        F7.1
          A20        A12        A10                     A29        F7.1

       (2)   Only reads the primary FITS headers.    FITS files containing
               only extensions (binary or ASCII tables) may have little
               information in their primary header.   Use FITS_HELP or
               FTAB_HELP to get info on FITS extensions.    

       (3)   Users may wish to modify the program to display other FITS 
               keywords of particular interest to them
 EXAMPLES:  
       IDL> fitsdir          ;Print info on all '*.fits' files in current 
                               directory.     
       IDL> fitsdir ,'*.fit'   ;Lists all '*.fit' files in current directory 
       IDL> fitsdir ,'tape*'   ;Print info on all tape* files in current 
                               ;directory.    Files meeting the wildcard name
                               ;that are not FITS files are ignored

       Write info on all *.fits files in the Unix directory /usr2/smith, to a 
       file 'smith.txt' and don't display the value of the TELESCOPE keyword

       IDL> fitsdir ,'/usr2/smith/*.fits',t='smith.txt', /NoTel 

 PROCEDURE:
       FINDFILE is used to find the specified FITS files.   The header of
       each file is read, and rejected if the file is not FITS.    Each header 
       searched for the parameters NAXISi, TELESCOP, OBJECT, DATE-OBS and 
       EXPTIME.  

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       The non-standard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTUNIT must be 
       defined before calling FITS_INFO.   

       DEFSYSV,'!TEXTOUT',1
       DEFSYSV,'!TEXTUNIT',0

       One way to define these is to call the procedure ASTROLIB.   
       See TEXTOPEN.PRO for more info
 PROCEDURES USED:
       FDECOMP, REMCHAR,  SPEC_DIR(), TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE, ZPARCHECK
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written, W. Landsman,  HSTX    February, 1993
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Search alternate keyword names    W.Landsman    October 1998
       Avoid integer truncation for NAXISi >32767  W. Landsman  July 2000
       Don't leave open unit    W. Landsman  July 2000 

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fitsdir.pro)


FITSLIST

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  NAME:
       FITSLIST
  PURPOSE:
       Display and write FITS headers from a FITS tape
  EXPLANATION:
       Procedure will read FITS files from a tape on the specified
       tape unit.  The headers are placed in file NAME, with the
       default extension of .LIS.  Headers are also displayed at the
       terminal.     Unix and VMS IDL only.  

  CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FITSLIST            
       FITSLIST,UPDATE_SWITCH

  OPTIONAL INPUT:
       UPDATE_SWITCH - If passed and nonzero, then an existing file is opened,
                       and output is appended to the end of this file.  Also,
                       the FITS tape is not rewound prior to starting the read.
                       This is useful if the tape contains spurious EOF marks.
  OUTPUT:
       None.

  SIDE EFFECTS:
       File NAME or NAME.LIS is created, or if UPDATE_SWITCH is nonzero then
       additional information is appended to the file.
       Headers are displayed at terminal as well as written to file.

  RESTRICTIONS:
       Tape must be mounted before calling FITSLIST.
       FITSLIST uses the VMS IDL tape positioning command, but will also
       run on Unix machines by using procedures which call IOCTL and 
       which emulate the VMS IDL tape I/O functions (e.g TAPRD)

  PROMPTS:
       Program will prompt for 
       (1)   NAME of output listing file
       (2)   tape unit number

  PROCEDURES CALLED:
       FITSTAPE
  HISTORY:
       William Thompson, 15-May-1986, based on FITSREAD.
       William Thompson, 09-Feb-1990, added file numbers.
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fitslist.pro)


FITSRGB_TO_TIFF

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 NAME:
       FITSRGB_to_TIFF
 PURPOSE:
       Combine separate red, green, and blue FITS images into TIFF format
 EXPLANATION:
       The output TIFF (class R) file can have colors interleaved either
       either by pixel or image.  The colour mix is also adjustable.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FITSRGB_to_TIFF, path, rgb_files, tiff_name [,/BY_PIXEL, /PREVIEW,
                         RED= , GREEN =, BLUE =]

 INPUTS:
       path = file system directory path to the RGB files required.
       rgb_files = string array with three components - the red FITS file
                   filename, the blue FITS file filename and the green FITS
                   file filename

 OUTPUTS:
       tiff_name = string containing name of tiff file to be produced

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       Header = String array containing the header from the FITS file.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       BY_PIXEL = This causes TIFF file RGB to be interleaved by pixel
                  rather than the default of by image.
       PREVIEW  = Allows a 24 bit image to be displayed on the screen
                  to check the colour mix.
       RED = Real number containing the fractional mix of red
       GREEN = Real number containing the fractional mix of green
       BLUE = Real number containing the fractional mix of blue

 EXAMPLE:
       Read three FITS files, 'red.fits', 'blue.fits' and 'green.fits' from
       the directory '/data/images/space' and output a TIFF file named
       'colour.tiff'

               IDL> FITSRGB_to_TIFF, '/data/images/space', ['red.fits', $
                    'blue.fits', 'green.fits'], 'colour.tiff'

       Read three FITS files, 'red.fits', 'blue.fits' and 'green.fits' from
       the current directory and output a TIFF file named '/images/out.tiff'
       In this case, the red image is twice as strong as the green and the
       blue is a third more intense.  A preview on screen is also wanted.

               IDL> FITSRGB_to_TIFF, '.', ['red.fits', $
                    'blue.fits', 'green.fits'], '/images/out.tiff', $
                    /PREVIEW, RED=0.5, GREEN=1.0, BLUE=0.666


 RESTRICTIONS:
       (1) Limited to the ability of the routine READFITS

 NOTES:
       None

 PROCEDURES USED:
     Functions:   READFITS, CONCAT_DIR
     Procedures:  WRITE_TIFF

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
     16th January 1995 - Written by Carl Shaw, Queen's University Belfast
	27 Jan 1995 - W. Landsman, Add CONCAT_DIR for VMS, Windows compatibility
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
    Use WRITE_TIFF instead of obsolete TIFF_WRITE  W. Landsman  December 1998
    Cosmetic changes  W. Landsman    February 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fitsrgb_to_tiff.pro)


FITSTAPE

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 NAME:
       FITSTAPE
 PURPOSE:
       Subroutine to perform FITS tape I/O.   
 EXPLANATION:
       For VMS or Unix IDL only

 CALLING SEQUENCE:  
       status = fitstape( command, unit, bitpix, data )

 INPUTS:
       command - string command from the following choices
               'init' - initialization (must be first call to fitstape)
               'read' - get next 2880 byte data buffer
               'eof'  - check for end of tape file
               'write'- write 2880 byte data buffer
               'woef' - empty buffer and write end-of-file
       unit -   tape unit number
       bitpix - bits/per data element (used to control byte swapping)
               (required for 'read' and 'write')
               (for 'init' command this parameter gives
               the blocking factor, number of 2880 byte
               records per tape record. if not supplied 1 is
               assumed)
       data - 2880 byte data array if 'write' command

 OUTPUTS:
       data - 2880 byte data array if 'read' command
               status is returned as the function value
               with the following meanings.
               'init' = 1
               'read' = !err returned by taprd
               'write' = 1
               'eof'  = 1 if at end of file
                       0 if not at end of file
               'weof' = 1

 COMMON BLOCKS
       QFITSTAPE

 HISTORY
       Version 1  D. Lindler  Nov 1986
       Converted to IDL Version 2.  M. Greason, STX, June 1990.
       Recognize BITPIX = -32 and BITPIX = -64   W. Landsman April 1992
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fitstape.pro)


FITS_CD_FIX

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 NAME:
    FITS_CD_FIX

 PURPOSE:
    Convert between different representations of the CD matrix in a FITS header   

 EXPLANATION:
    According the paper, "Representations of Celestial Coordinates in FITS"
    by Griesen and Calabretta, available at 
    http://www.cv.nrao.edu/fits/documents/wcs/wcs.html
    the rotation of an image from standard coordinates is represented by a 
    coordinate description (CD) matrix.    However, there have been several
    different representations proposed for the CD matrix.   Currently, 
    (April 2000), the preferred form is CDn_m (as used in IRAF), which 
    contains both rotation & plate scale info.    However,
    an earlier draft of Griesen & Calabretta proposed the CD00n00m form.
    containing only rotation (and skew) info, with the plate scale stored in
    the CDELT* keywords.

    FITS_CD_FIX converts from the representation of the CD matrix with an 
    underscore (e.g. CDn_m) to that with all integers (e.g. CD00n00m).    Users
    will more commonly go in the reverse direction (since the CDn_m format
    is now prefered) using the /REVERSE keyword.  

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
    FITS_CD_FIX, Hdr, [/REVERSE]

 INPUT-OUTPUT: 
       HDR - FITS header, 80 x N string array.   If the header does not
           contain the CDn_m keywords then it is left unmodified.  Other-
           wise the CDn_m keywords are removed and the CD00n00m keywords
           inserted (with the same values).
   
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT
      /REVERSE - If this keyword is set and non-zero, then the process is
               reversed, i.e. CD00n00m keywords are removed from the header
               and CDn_m keywords are inserted.
 PROCEDURES USED:
    SXADDPAR, SXDELPAR, SXPAR
 REVISION HISTORY:
    Written   W. Landsman             Feb 1990
    Major rewrite                     Feb 1994
    Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
    Use double precision formatting of CD matrix   W. Landsman  April 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_cd_fix.pro)


FITS_CLOSE

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*NAME:
       FITS_CLOSE

*PURPOSE:
       Close a FITS data file

*CATEGORY:
       INPUT/OUTPUT

*CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FITS_CLOSE,fcb

*INPUTS:
       FCB: fits control block returned by FITS_OPEN.

*KEYWORD PARAMETERS:
       /NO_ABORT: Set to return to calling program instead of a RETALL
               when an I/O error is encountered.  If set, the routine will
               return with !err=-1 and a message in the keyword MESSAGE.
               If not set, FITS_CLOSE will print the message and issue a RETALL
       MESSAGE = value: Output error message
       
*EXAMPLES:
       Open a FITS file, read some data, and close it with FITS_CLOSE

               FITS_OPEN,'infile',fcb
               FITS_READ,fcb,data
               FITS_READ,fcb,moredata
               FITS_CLOSE,fcb

*HISTORY:
       Written by:     D. Lindler      August, 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Do nothing if fcb an invalid structure D. Schlegel/W. Landsman Oct. 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_close.pro)


FITS_HELP

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*NAME:
	FITS_HELP

*PURPOSE:
	To print a summary of the primary data units and extensions in a
	FITS file.

*CATEGORY:
	INPUT/OUTPUT

*CALLING SEQUENCE:
	FITS_HELP,filename_or_fcb

*INPUTS:
	FILENAME_OR_FCB - name of the fits file or the FITS Control Block (FCB)
		returned by FITS_OPEN.

*OUTPUTS:
	a summary of the fits file is printed.	

*EXAMPLES:
	FITS_HELP,'myfile.fits'

	FITS_OPEN,'anotherfile.fits',fcb
	FITS_HELP,fcb

*PROCEDURES USED:
	FITS_OPEN, FITS_CLOSE
*HISTORY:
	Written by:	D. Lindler	August, 1995
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_help.pro)


FITS_INFO

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 NAME:
     FITS_INFO
 PURPOSE:
     Provide information about the contents of a FITS file
 EXPLANATION:
     Information includes number of header records and size of data array.
     Applies to primary header and all extensions.    Information can be 
     printed at the terminal and/or stored in a common block

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     FITS_INFO, Filename, [ /SILENT , TEXTOUT = , N_ext = ]

 INPUT:
     Filename - Scalar string giving the name of the FITS file(s)
               Can include wildcards such as '*.fits'

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
     /SILENT - If set, then the display of the file description on the 
                terminal will be suppressed

      TEXTOUT - specifies output device.
               textout=1        TERMINAL using /more option
               textout=2        TERMINAL without /more option
               textout=3        .prt
               textout=4        laser.tmp
               textout=5        user must open file, see TEXTOPEN
               textout=7       append to existing  file
               textout = filename (default extension of .prt)

               If TEXTOUT is not supplied, then !TEXTOUT is used
 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD:
       N_ext - Returns an integer scalar giving the number of extensions in
               the FITS file

 COMMON BLOCKS
       DESCRIPTOR =  File descriptor string of the form N_hdrrec Naxis IDL_type
               Naxis1 Naxis2 ... Naxisn [N_hdrrec table_type Naxis
               IDL_type Naxis1 ... Naxisn] (repeated for each extension) 
               See the procedure RDFITS_STRUCT for an example of the
               use of this common block

 EXAMPLE:
       Display info about all FITS files of the form '*.fit' in the current
               directory

               IDL> fits_info, '*.fit'

       Any time a *.fit file is found which is *not* in FITS format, an error 
       message is displayed at the terminal and the program continues

 PROCEDURES USED:
       GETTOK(), STRN(), SXPAR(), TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE 

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       The non-standard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTUNIT must be 
       defined before calling FITS_INFO.   

       DEFSYSV,'!TEXTOUT',1
       DEFSYSV,'!TEXTUNIT',0

       One way to define these is to call the procedure ASTROLIB.   
       See TEXTOPEN.PRO for more info
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written, K. Venkatakrishna, Hughes STX, May 1992
       Added N_ext keyword, and table_name info, G. Reichert
       Work on *very* large FITS files   October 92
       More checks to recognize corrupted FITS files     February, 1993
       Proper check for END keyword    December 1994
       Correctly size variable length binary tables  WBL December 1994
       EXTNAME keyword can be anywhere in extension header WBL  January 1998
       Correctly skip past extensions with no data   WBL   April 1998
       Converted to IDL V5.0, W. Landsman, April 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_info.pro)


FITS_OPEN

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*NAME:
	FITS_OPEN

*PURPOSE:
	Opens a FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) data file.

*CATEGORY:
	INPUT/OUTPUT

*CALLING SEQUENCE:
	FITS_OPEN, filename, fcb

*INPUTS:
	filename : name of the FITS file to open

*OUTPUTS:
	fcb : (FITS Control Block) a IDL structure containing information
		concerning the file.  It is an input to FITS_READ, FITS_WRITE
		and FITS_CLOSE

*KEYWORD PARAMETERS:
	/WRITE: Set this keyword to open a new file for writing. 
	/APPEND: Set to append to an existing file.
	/NO_ABORT: Set to return to calling program instead of a RETALL
		when an I/O error is encountered.  If set, the routine will
		return with !err=-1 and a message in the keyword MESSAGE.
		If not set, FITS_OPEN will print the message and issue a RETALL
	MESSAGE = value: Output error message
	/HPRINT - print headers with routine HPRINT as they are read.
		(useful for debugging a strange file)
	
*NOTES:
	The output FCB should be passed to the other FITS routines (FITS_OPEN,
	FITS_READ, FITS_HELP, and FITS_WRITE).  It has the following structure
	when FITS_OPEN is called without /WRITE or /APPEND keywords set.

	    FCB.FILENAME - name of the input file
		.UNIT - unit number the file is opened to
		.NEXTEND - number of extensions in the file.
		.XTENSION - string array giving the extension type for each
			extension.
		.EXTNAME - string array giving the extension name for each
			extension. (null string if not defined the extension)
		.EXTVER - vector of extension version numbers (0 if not
			defined)
		.EXTLEVEL - vector of extension levels (0 if not defined)
		.GCOUNT - vector with the number of groups in each extension.
		.PCOUNT - vector with parameter count for each group
		.BITPIX - BITPIX for each extension with values
				   8 	byte data
				 16 	short word integers
				 32 	long word integers
				-32   	IEEE floating point
				-64  	IEEE double precision floating point
		.NAXIS - number of axes for each extension.  (0 for null data
			units)
		.AXIS - 2-D array where axis(*,N) gives the size of each axes
			for extension N
		.START_HEADER - vector giving the starting byte in the file
				where each extension header begins
		.START_DATA - vector giving the starting byte in the file
				where the data for each extension begins

		.HMAIN - keyword parameters (less standard required FITS
				keywords) for the primary data unit.
		.OPEN_FOR_WRITE - flag (0= open for read, 1=open for write, 
						 2=open for update)
		.LAST_EXTENSION - last extension number read.
		.RANDOM_GROUPS - 1 if the PDU is random groups format,
				0 otherwise

	When FITS open is called with the /WRITE or /APPEND option, FCB
	contains:

	    FCB.FILENAME - name of the input file
		.UNIT - unit number the file is opened to
		.NEXTEND - number of extensions in the file.
		.OPEN_FOR_WRITE - flag (1=open for write, 2=open for update)


*EXAMPLES:
	Open a FITS file for reading:
		FITS_OPEN,'myfile.fits',fcb

	Open a new FITS file for output:
		FITS_OPEN,'newfile.fits',fcb,/write
 PROCEDURES USED:
	HPRINT, SXDELPAR, SXPAR()
*HISTORY:
	Written by:	D. Lindler	August, 1995
	July, 1996      NICMOS	Modified to allow open for overwrite
				to allow primary header to be modified
	DJL Oct. 15, 1996   corrected to properly extend AXIS when more
			than 100 extensions present
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_open.pro)


FITS_READ

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*NAME:
       FITS_READ
*PURPOSE:
       To read a FITS file.

*CATEGORY:
       INPUT/OUTPUT

*CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FITS_READ, filename_or_fcb, data [,header, group_par]

*INPUTS:
       FILENAME_OR_FCB - this parameter can be the FITS Control Block (FCB)
               returned by FITS_OPEN or the file name of the FITS file.  If
               a file name is supplied, FITS_READ will open the file with
               FITS_OPEN and close the file with FITS_CLOSE before exiting.
               When multiple extensions are to be read from the file, it is
               more efficient for the user to call FITS_OPEN and leave the
               file open until all extensions are read.

*OUTPUTS:
       DATA - data array.  If /NOSCALE is specified, BSCALE and BZERO
               (if present in the header) will not be used to scale the data.
               If Keywords FIRST and LAST are used to read a portion of the
               data or the heap portion of an extension, no scaling is done
               and data is returned as a 1-D vector. The user can use the IDL
               function REFORM to convert the data to the correct dimensions
               if desired.  If /DATA_ONLY is specified, no scaling is done.
       HEADER - FITS Header.  If an extension is read, and the /NO_PDU keyword
               parameter is not supplied, the primary data unit header
               and the extension header will be combined.  The header will have
               the form:

                       
                       BEGIN MAIN HEADER --------------------------------
                       
                       BEGIN EXTENSION HEADER ---------------------------
                       1.  (Default=0, the first group)
       NaNvalue - On non-IEEE floating point machines, it gives the value
               to place into words with IEEE NaN.
       ENUM - Output extension number that was read.  
       
*NOTES:
       Determination or which extension to read.
               case 1: EXTEN_NO specified. EXTEN_NO will give the number of the
                       extension to read.  The primary data unit is refered
                       to as extension 0. If EXTEN_NO is specified, XTENSION,
                       EXTNAME, EXTVER, and EXTLEVEL parameters are ignored.
               case 2: if EXTEN_NO is not specified, the first extension
                       with the specified XTENSION, EXTNAME, EXTVER, and
                       EXTLEVEL will be read.  If any of the 4 parameters
                       are not specified, they will not be used in the search.
                       Setting EXTLEVEL=0, EXTVER=0, EXTNAME='', or
                       XTENSION='' is the same as not supplying them.
               case 3: if none of the keyword parameters, EXTEN_NO, XTENSION,
                       EXTNAME, EXTVER, or EXTLEVEL are supplied.  FITS_READ
                       will read the next extension in the file.  If the
                       primary data unit (PDU), extension 0, is null, the
                       first call to FITS_READ will read the first extension
                       of the file.

               The only way to read a null PDU is to use EXTEN_NO = 0.

       If FIRST and LAST are specified, the data is returned without applying
       any scale factors (BSCALE and BZERO) and the data is returned in a
       1-D vector.  This will allow you to read any portion of a multiple
       dimension data set.  Once returned, the IDL function REFORM can be
       used to place the correct dimensions on the data.

       IMPLICIT IMAGES: FITS_READ will construct an implicit image
               for cases where NAXIS=0 and the NPIX1, NPIX2, and PIXVALUE
               keywords are present.  The output image will be:
                       image = replicate(PIXVALUE,NPIX1,NPIX2)

*EXAMPLES:
       Read the primary data unit of a FITS file, if it is null read the
       first extension:
               FITS_READ, 'myfile.fits', data, header

       Read the first two extensions of a FITS file and the extension with
       EXTNAME = 'FLUX' and EXTVER = 4
               FITS_OPEN, 'myfile.fits', fcb
               FITS_READ, fcb,data1, header2, exten_no = 1
               FITS_READ, fcb,data1, header2, exten_no = 2
               FITS_READ, fcb,data3, header3, extname='flux', extver=4
               FITS_CLOSE, fcb
       
       Read the sixth image in a data cube for the fourth extension.

               FITS_OPEN, 'myfile.fits', fcb
               image_number = 6
               ns = fcb.axis(0,4)
               nl = fcb.axis(1,4)
               i1 = (ns*nl)*(image_number-1)
               i2 = i2 + ns*nl-1
               FITS_READ,fcb,image,header,first=i1,last=i2
               image = reform(image,ns,nl,/overwrite)
               FITS_CLOSE

*PROCEDURES USED:
       FITS_CLOSE, FITS_OPEN, IEEE_TO_HOST, IS_IEEE_BIG() 
       SXADDPAR, SXDELPAR, SXPAR()
*HISTORY:
       Written by:     D. Lindler, August 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Avoid use of !ERR       W. Landsman   August 1999
       Read unsigned datatypes, added /no_unsigned   W. Landsman December 1999
       Don't call FITS_CLOSE unless fcb is defined   W. Landsman January 2000
       Set BZERO = 0 for unsigned integer data   W. Landsman  January 2000
       Only call IEEE_TO_HOST if needed          W. Landsman February 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_read.pro)


FITS_WRITE

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*NAME:
	FITS_WRITE

*PURPOSE:
	To write a FITS primary data unit or extension.

*CATEGORY:
	INPUT/OUTPUT

*CALLING SEQUENCE:
	FITS_WRITE, filename_or_fcb, data, [header_in]

*INPUTS:
	FILENAME_OR_FCB: name of the output data file or the FITS control
		block returned by FITS_OPEN (called with the /WRITE or
		/APPEND) parameters.

*OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	DATA: data array to write.  If not supplied or set to a scalar, a
		null image is written.
	HEADER_IN: FITS header keyword.  If not supplied, a minimal basic
		header will be created.  Required FITS keywords, SIMPLE,
		BITPIX, XTENSION, NAXIS, ... are added by FITS_WRITE and
		do not need to be supplied with the header.  If supplied,
		thier values will be updated as necessary to reflect DATA.

*KEYWORD PARAMETERS:

	XTENSION: type of extension to write (Default="IMAGE"). If not
		supplied, it will be taken from HEADER_IN.  If not in either
		place, the default is "IMAGE".  This parameter is ignored
		when writing the primary data unit.
	EXTNAME: EXTNAME for the extension.  If not supplied, it will be taken
		from HEADER_IN.  If not supplied and not in HEADER_IN, no
		EXTNAME will be written into the output extension.
	EXTVER: EXTVER for the extension.  If not supplied, it will be taken
               from HEADER_IN.  If not supplied and not in HEADER_IN, no
               EXTVER will be written into the output extension.
	EXTLEVEL: EXTLEVEL for the extension.  If not supplied, it will be taken
               from HEADER_IN.  If not supplied and not in HEADER_IN, no
               EXTLEVEL will be written into the output extension.
	NaNvalue: data value in DATA to be replaced with IEEE NaN in the output
		file.
       /NO_ABORT: Set to return to calling program instead of a RETALL
               when an I/O error is encountered.  If set, the routine will
               return with !err=-1 and a message in the keyword MESSAGE.
               If not set, FITS_READ will print the message and issue a RETALL
       MESSAGE: value of the error message for use with /NO_ABORT
	HEADER: actual output header written to the FITS file.
	/NO_DATA: Set if you only want FITS_WRITE to write a header.  The
		header supplied will be written without modification and
		the user is expected to write the data using WRITEU to unit
		FCB.UNIT. When FITS_WRITE is called with /NO_DATA, the user is
		responsible for the validity of the header, and must write
		the correct amount and format of the data.  When FITS_WRITE
		is used in this fashion, it will pad the data from a previously
		written extension to 2880 blocks before writting the header.

*NOTES:
	If the first call to FITS_WRITE is an extension, FITS_WRITE will
	automatically write a null image as the primary data unit.

	Keywords and history in the input header will be properly separated
	into the primary data unit and extension portions when constructing
	the output header (See FITS_READ for information on the internal
	Header format which separates the extension and PDU header portions).
	
*EXAMPLES:
	Write an IDL variable to a FITS file with the minimal required header.
		FITS_WRITE,'newfile.fits',ARRAY

	Write the same array as an image extension, with a null Primary data
	unit.
		FITS_WRITE,'newfile.fits',ARRAY,xtension='IMAGE'

	Write 4 image extensions to the same file.
		FITS_OPEN,'newfile.fits',fcb
		FITS_WRITE,fcb,data1,extname='FLUX',extver=1
		FITS_WRITE,fcb,err1,extname'ERR',extver=1
		FITS_WRITE,fcb,data2,extname='FLUX',extver=2
		FITS_WRITE,fcb,err2,extname='ERR',extver=2
		FITS_CLOSE,FCB
		
*PROCEDURES USED:
	FITS_OPEN, SXADDPAR, SXDELPAR, SXPAR()
*HISTORY:
	Written by:	D. Lindler	August, 1995
	Work for variable length extensions  W. Landsman   August 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
	PCOUNT and GCOUNT added for IMAGE extensions   J. Graham  October 1999
       Write unsigned data types      W. Landsman   December 1999
       Pad data area with zeros not blanks  W. McCann/W. Landsman October 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fits_write.pro)


FLEGENDRE

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 NAME:
        FLEGENDRE
 PURPOSE:
       Compute the first M terms in a Legendre polynomial expansion.  
 EXPLANATION:
       Meant to be used as a supplied function to SVDFIT.

       This procedure became partially obsolete in IDL V5.0 with the 
       introduction of the /LEGENDRE keyword to SVDFIT and the associated 
       SVDLEG function.    However, note that, unlike SVDLEG, FLEGENDRE works
       on vector values of X.     
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       result = FLEGENDRE( X, M)

 INPUTS:
       X - the value of the independent variable, scalar or vector
       M - number of term of the Legendre expansion to compute, integer scalar 

 OUTPUTS:
       result - (N,M) array, where N is the number of elements in X and M
               is the order.   Contains the value of each Legendre term for
               each value of X
 EXAMPLE:
       (1) If x = 2.88 and M = 3 then 
       IDL> print, flegendre(x,3)   ==>   [1.00, 2.88, 11.9416]

       This result can be checked by explicity computing the first 3 Legendre
       terms, 1.0, x, 0.5*( 3*x^2 -1)

       (2) Find the coefficients to an M term Legendre polynomial that gives
               the best least-squares fit to a dataset (x,y)
               IDL> coeff = SVDFIT( x,y,M,func='flegendre')
       
           The coefficients can then be supplied to the function POLYLEG to 
               compute the best YFIT values for any X. 
 METHOD:
       The recurrence relation for the Legendre polynomials is used to compute
       each term.   Compare with the function FLEG in "Numerical Recipes"
       by Press et al. (1992), p. 674

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written     Wayne Landsman    Hughes STX      April 1995                
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/flegendre.pro)


FLUX2MAG

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 NAME:
     FLUX2MAG
 PURPOSE:
     Convert from flux (ergs/s/cm^2/A) to magnitudes.
 EXPLANATION:
     Use MAG2FLUX() for the opposite direction.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     mag = flux2mag( flux, [ zero_pt, ABwave=  ] )

 INPUTS:
     flux - scalar or vector flux vector, in erg cm-2 s-1 A-1

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
     zero_pt - scalar giving the zero point level of the magnitude.
               If not supplied then zero_pt = 21.1 (Code et al 1976)
               Ignored if the ABwave keyword is supplied

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
     ABwave - wavelength scalar or vector in Angstroms.   If supplied, then 
           FLUX2MAG() returns Oke AB magnitudes (Oke & Gunn 1983, ApJ, 266,
           713).

 OUTPUT:
     mag - magnitude vector.   If the ABwave keyword is set then mag
           is given by the expression 
           ABMAG = -2.5*alog10(f) - 5*alog10(ABwave) - 2.406 
             
           Otherwise, mag is given by the expression  
           mag = -2.5*alog10(flux) - zero_pt
 EXAMPLE:
       Suppose one is given wavelength and flux vectors, w (in Angstroms) and 
       f (in erg cm-2 s-1 A-1).   Plot the spectrum in AB magnitudes

       IDL> plot, w, flux2mag(f,ABwave = w), /nozero

 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written    J. Hill        STX Co.       1988
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added ABwave keyword    W. Landsman   September 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/flux2mag.pro)


FM_UNRED

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 NAME:
     FM_UNRED
 PURPOSE:
     Deredden a flux vector using the Fitzpatrick (1999) parameterization
 EXPLANATION:
     The R-dependent Galactic extinction curve is that of Fitzpatrick & Massa 
     (Fitzpatrick, 1999, PASP, 111, 63; astro-ph/9809387 ).    
     Parameterization is valid from the IR to the far-UV (3.5 microns to 0.1 
     microns).    UV extinction curve is extrapolated down to 912 Angstroms.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     FM_UNRED, wave, flux, ebv, [ funred, R_V = , /LMC2, /AVGLMC, ExtCurve= 
                       gamma =, x0=, c1=, c2=, c3=, c4= ]
 INPUT:
      WAVE - wavelength vector (Angstroms)
      FLUX - calibrated flux vector, same number of elements as WAVE
               If only 3 parameters are supplied, then this vector will
               updated on output to contain the dereddened flux.
      EBV  - color excess E(B-V), scalar.  If a negative EBV is supplied,
               then fluxes will be reddened rather than deredenned.

 OUTPUT:
      FUNRED - unreddened flux vector, same units and number of elements
               as FLUX

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS
      R_V - scalar specifying the ratio of total to selective extinction
               R(V) = A(V) / E(B - V).    If not specified, then R = 3.1
               Extreme values of R(V) range from 2.3 to 5.3

      /AVGLMC - if set, then the default fit parameters c1,c2,c3,c4,gamma,x0 
             are set to the average values determined for reddening in the 
             general Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) field by Misselt et al. 
            (1999, ApJ, 515, 128)
      /LMC2 - if set, then the fit parameters are set to the values determined
             for the LMC2 field (including 30 Dor) by Misselt et al.
             Note that neither /AVGLMC or /LMC2 will alter the default value 
             of R_V which is poorly known for the LMC. 
             
      The following five input keyword parameters allow the user to customize
      the adopted extinction curve

      x0 - Centroid of 2200 A bump in microns (default = 4.596)
      gamma - Width of 2200 A bump in microns (default  =0.99)
      c3 - Strength of the 2200 A bump (default = 3.23)
      c4 - FUV curvature (default = 0.41)
      c2 - Slope of the linear UV extinction component 
           (default = -0.824 + 4.717/R)
      c1 - Intercept of the linear UV extinction component 
           (default = 2.030 - 3.007*c2
            
 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD:
      ExtCurve - Returns the E(wave-V)/E(B-V) extinction curve, interpolated
                 onto the input wavelength vector

 EXAMPLE:
       Determine how a flat spectrum (in wavelength) between 1200 A and 3200 A
       is altered by a reddening of E(B-V) = 0.1.   Assume an "average"
       reddening for the diffuse interstellar medium (R(V) = 3.1)

       IDL> w = 1200 + findgen(40)*50      ;Create a wavelength vector
       IDL> f = w*0 + 1                    ;Create a "flat" flux vector
       IDL> fm_unred, w, f, -0.1, fnew  ;Redden (negative E(B-V)) flux vector
       IDL> plot,w,fnew                   

 NOTES:
       (1) The following comparisons between the FM curve and that of Cardelli, 
           Clayton, & Mathis (1989), (see ccm_unred.pro):
           (a) - In the UV, the FM and CCM curves are similar for R < 4.0, but
                 diverge for larger R
           (b) - In the optical region, the FM more closely matches the
                 monochromatic extinction, especially near the R band.
       (2)  Many sightlines with peculiar ultraviolet interstellar extinction 
               can be represented with the FM curve, if the proper value of 
               R(V) is supplied.
       (3) Use the 4 parameter calling sequence if you wish to save the 
               original flux vector.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       CSPLINE(), POLY()
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written   W. Landsman        Raytheon  STX   October, 1998
       Based on FMRCurve by E. Fitzpatrick (Villanova)
       Added /LMC2 and /AVGLMC keywords,  W. Landsman   August 2000
       Added ExtCurve keyword, J. Wm. Parker   August 2000

-

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fm_unred.pro)


FORPRINT

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 NAME:
	FORPRINT
 PURPOSE
	Print a set of vectors by looping over each index value.
 EXPLANATION:
	If W and F are equal length vectors, then the statement
		IDL> forprint, w, f   
	is equivalent to 
		IDL> for i = 0L, N_elements(w)-1 do print,w[i],f[i]    

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	forprint, v1,[ v2, v3, v4,....v18, FORMAT = , TEXTOUT = ,STARTLINE =,
					   NUMLINE =, /SILENT ] 

 INPUTS:
	V1,V2,...V18 - Arbitary IDL vectors.  If the vectors are not of
		equal length then the number of rows printed will be equal
		to the length of the smallest vector.   Up to 18 vectors
		can be supplied.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:

	TEXTOUT - Controls print output device, defaults to !TEXTOUT

		textout=1	TERMINAL using /more option
		textout=2	TERMINAL without /more option
		textout=3	.prt
		textout=4	laser.tmp
		textout=5      user must open file
		textout = filename (default extension of .prt)
		textout=7	Append to .prt file if it exists

	FORMAT - Scalar format string as in the PRINT procedure.  The use
		of outer parenthesis is optional.   Ex. - format="(F10.3,I7)"
		This program will automatically remove a leading "$" from
		incoming format statments. Ex. - "$(I4)" would become "(I4)".
	STARTLINE - Integer scalar specifying the first line in the arrays
		to print.   Default is STARTLINE = 1, i.e. start at the
		beginning of the arrays.
	SILENT - Normally, with a hardcopy output (TEXTOUT > 2), FORPRINT will
		add a time stamp to the output file.    If the SILENT keyword
		is set and non-zero, then this time stamp is suppressed.
 OUTPUTS:
	None
 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
	If keyword TEXTOUT is not used, the default is the nonstandard 
	keyword !TEXTOUT.    If you want to use FORPRINT to write more than 
	once to the same file, or use a different file name then set 
	TEXTOUT=5, and open and close then file yourself (see documentation 
	of TEXTOPEN for more info).
	
	One way to add the non-standard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTUNIT
	is to use the procedure ASTROLIB
 EXAMPLE:
	Suppose W,F, and E are the wavelength, flux, and epsilon vectors for
	an IUE spectrum.   Print these values to a file 'output.dat' in a nice 
	format.

	IDL> fmt = '(F10.3,1PE12.2,I7)'
	IDL> forprint, F = fmt, w, f, e, TEXT = 'output.dat'

 PROCEDURES CALLED:
	DATATYPE(), TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE
 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written    W. Landsman             April, 1989
	Keywords textout and format added, J. Isensee, July, 1990
	Made use of parenthesis in FORMAT optional  W. Landsman  May 1992
	Added STARTLINE keyword W. Landsman    November 1992
	Set up so can handle 18 input vectors. J. Isensee, HSTX Corp. July 1993
	Handle string value of TEXTOUT   W. Landsman, HSTX September 1993
	Added NUMLINE keyword            W. Landsman, HSTX February 1996
	Added SILENT keyword             W. Landsman, RSTX, April 1998
	Converted to IDL V5.0            W. Landsman, RSTX, April, 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/forprint.pro)


FREBIN

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 NAME:
   FREBIN

 PURPOSE:
   Shrink or expand the size of an array an arbitary amount using interpolation

 EXPLANATION: 
   FREBIN is an alternative to CONGRID or REBIN.    Like CONGRID it
   allows expansion or contraction by an arbitary amount. ( REBIN requires 
   integral factors of the original image size.)    Like REBIN it conserves 
   flux by ensuring that each input pixel is equally represented in the output
   array.       

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
   result = FREBIN( image, nsout, nlout, [ /TOTAL] )

 INPUTS:
    image - input image, 1-d or 2-d numeric array
    nsout - number of samples in the output image, numeric scalar

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
    nlout - number of lines in the output image, numeric scalar
            If not supplied, then set equal to 1

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
   /total - if set, the output pixels will be the sum of pixels within
          the appropriate box of the input image.  Otherwise they will
          be the average.    Use of the /TOTAL keyword conserves surface flux.
 
 OUTPUTS:
    The resized image is returned as the function result.    If the input
    image is of type DOUBLE or FLOAT then the resized image is of the same
    type.     If the input image is BYTE, INTEGER or LONG then the output
    image is usually of type FLOAT.   The one exception is expansion by
    integral amount (pixel duplication), when the output image is the same
    type as the input image.  
     
 EXAMPLE:
     Suppose one has an 800 x 800 image array, im, that must be expanded to
     a size 850 x 900 while conserving surface flux:

     IDL> im1 = frebin(im,850,900,/total) 

     im1 will be a 850 x 900 array, and total(im1) = total(im)
 NOTES:
    If the input image sizes are a multiple of the output image sizes
    then FREBIN is equivalent to the IDL REBIN function for compression,
    and simple pixel duplication on expansion.

    If the number of output pixels are not integers, the output image
    size will be truncated to an integer.  The platescale, however, will
    reflect the non-integer number of pixels.  For example, if you want to
    bin a 100 x 100 integer image such that each output pixel is 3.1
    input pixels in each direction use:
           n = 100/3.1   ; 32.2581
          image_out = frebin(image,n,n)

     The output image will be 32 x 32 and a small portion at the trailing
     edges of the input image will be ignored.
 
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
    DATATYPE()
 HISTORY:
    Adapted from May 1998 STIS  version, written D. Lindler, ACC
    Added /NOZERO, use INTERPOLATE instead of CONGRID, June 98 W. Landsman  
    Fixed for nsout non-integral but a multiple of image size  Aug 98 D.Lindler
    DJL, Oct 20, 1998, Modified to work for floating point image sizes when
		expanding the image.  

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/frebin.pro)


FSTRING

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 NAME: 
    FSTRING
 PURPOSE:
    Shell around STRING function to fix 1024 size limit on formatting strings

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
    new = fstring(old, [ format, FORMAT = )

 INPUTS:
    OLD = string or number to format, scalar, vector or array

 OPTIONAL STRING:
    FORMAT = scalar string giving format to pass to the STRING() function
             See restrictions on possible formats below.
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
    FORMAT  = Format string can alternatively be called as keyword

 OUTPUT:
    FSTRING will return a string with the same dimensions 

 RESTRICTIONS:
    Because FSTRING breaks up the formatting into 1024 element chunks, problems
    can arise if the number of formatting elements does not evenly divide
    into 1024.    For example, if format = '(i6,f6.2,e12.6)', (i.e. three
    formatting elements)  then both the 1023rd and 1024th element will be 
    formatted as I6.
 EXAMPLE:
    Create a string array of 10000 uniform random numbers formatted as F6.2

    IDL> a = fstring( randomu(seed,10000), '(f6.2)') 
 REVISION HISTORY:
     Written W. Landsman (based on program by D. Zarro)  February 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fstring.pro)


FTAB_DELROW

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 NAME:
	FTAB_DELROW
 PURPOSE:
	Delete rows of data from a FITS ASCII or binary table extension

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ftab_delrow, filename, rows, EXTEN_NO =, NEWFILE = ] 

 INPUTS-OUPUTS
	filename - scalar string giving name of the FITS file containing an
		ASCII or binary table extension. 
 
	rows  -  scalar or vector, specifying the row numbers to delete
		First row has index 0.   If a vector, it will be sorted and
		duplicates will be removed

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
	EXTEN_NO - scalar integer specifying which extension number to process
		Default is to process the first extension
	NEWFILE - scalar string specifying the name of the new output FITS file
		FTAB_DELROW will prompt for this parameter if not supplied

 EXAMPLE:
	Compress the first extension of a FITS file 'test.fits' to include 
	only non-negative values in the 'FLUX' column

	ftab_ext,'test.fits','flux',flux       ;Obtain original flux vector
	bad = where(flux lt 0)                 ;Find negative fluxes
	ftab_delrow,'test.fits',bad,new='test1.fits'  ;Delete specified rows

 RESTRICTIONS:
	Does not work for variable length binary tables

 PROCEDURES USED:
	FITS_CLOSE, FITS_OPEN, FITS_READ, FITS_WRITE, FTDELROW, TBDELROW	

 REVISION HISTORY:                                           
	Written   W. Landsman        STX Co.     August, 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftab_delrow.pro)


FTAB_EXT

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 NAME:
	FTAB_EXT
 PURPOSE:
	Routine to extract columns from a FITS (binary or ASCII) table

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	FTAB_EXT, name_or_fcb, columns, v1, [v2,..,v9, ROWS=, EXTEN_NO= ]
 INPUTS:
       name_or_fcb - either a scalar string giving the name of a FITS file 
               containing a (binary or ASCII) table, or an IDL structure 
               containing as file control block (FCB) returned by FITS_OPEN 
               If FTAB_EXT is to be called repeatedly on the same file, then
               it is quicker to first open the file with FITS_OPEN, and then
               pass the FCB structure to FTAB_EXT
	columns - table columns to extract.  Can be either 
		(1) String with names separated by commas
		(2) Scalar or vector of column numbers

 OUTPUTS:
	v1,...,v9 - values for the columns.   Up to 9 columns can be extracted

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
	ROWS -  scalar or vector giving row number(s) to extract
               Row numbers start at 0.  If not supplied or set to
               -1 then values for all rows are returned
	EXTEN_NO - Extension number to process.   If not set, then data is
		extracted from the first extension in the file (EXTEN_NO=1)

 EXAMPLES:
	Read wavelength and flux vectors from the first extension of a 
	FITS file, 'spec.fit'.   Using FTAB_HELP,'spec.fit' we find that this
	information is in columns named 'WAVELENGTH' and 'FLUX' (in columns 1
	and 2).   To read the data

	IDL> ftab_ext,'spec.fit','wavelength,flux',w,f
		or
	IDL> ftab_ext,'spec.fit',[1,2],w,f
	
 PROCEDURES CALLED:
	FITS_READ, FITS_CLOSE, FTINFO, FTGET(), GETTOK(), TBINFO, TBGET()
 HISTORY:
	version 1        W.   Landsman         August 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Improve speed processing binary tables  W. Landsman   March 2000
       Use new FTINFO calling sequence  W. Landsman   May 2000    

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftab_ext.pro)


FTAB_HELP

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 NAME:
       FTAB_HELP
 PURPOSE:
       Describe the columns of a FITS binary or ASCII table extension.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FTAB_HELP, filename, [ EXTEN_No = , TEXTOUT= ]
               or
       FTAB_HELP, fcb, [EXTEN_No=, TEXTOUT= ]

 INPUTS:
       filename - scalar string giving name of the FITS file.  
       fcb - FITS control block returned by a previous call to FITS_OPEN

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS:
       EXTEN_NO - integer scalar specifying which FITS extension to read.
               Default is to display the first FITS extension.
       TEXTOUT - scalar number (0-7) or string (file name) determining
               output device (see TEXTOPEN).  Default is TEXTOUT=1, output 
               to the user's terminal    

 EXAMPLE:
       Describe the columns in the second extension of a FITS file spec.fits
       and write the results to a file 'spec2.lis'

       IDL> ftab_help,'spec.fits',exten=2,t='spec2.lis'

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       Uses the non-standard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTUNIT
       which must be defined (e.g. with ASTROLIB) before compilation
 PROCEDURES USED:
       FITS_READ, FITS_CLOSE, FTHELP, TBHELP, TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE
 HISTORY:
       version 1  W. Landsman    August 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Corrected documentation W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftab_help.pro)


FTAB_PRINT

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 NAME:
       FTAB_PRINT
 PURPOSE:
       Print the contents of a FITS (binary or ASCII) table extension.
 EXPLANATION:
       User can specify which rows or columns to print

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FTAB_PRINT, filename, columns, rows, [ TEXTOUT=, FMT=, EXTEN_NO=]

 INPUTS:
       filename - scalar string giving name of a FITS file containing a 
               binary or ASCII table
       columns - string giving column names, or vector giving
               column numbers (beginning with 1).  If string 
               supplied then column names should be separated by comma's.
       rows - (optional) vector of row numbers to print (beginning with 0).  
               If not supplied or set to scalar, -1, then all rows
               are printed.
 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
       EXTEN_NO - Extension number to read.   If not set, then the first 
               extension is printed (EXTEN_NO=1)
       TEXTOUT - scalar number (0-7) or string (file name) determining
               output device (see TEXTOPEN).  Default is TEXTOUT=1, output 
               to the user's terminal    
       FMT = Format string for print display (binary tables only).   If not
               supplied, then any formats in the TDISP keyword fields will be
               used, otherwise IDL default formats.    For ASCII tables, the
               format used is always as stored in the FITS table.
 EXAMPLE:
       Print all rows of the first 5 columns of the first extension of the
       file 'wfpc.fits'
               IDL> ftab_print,'wfpc.fits',indgen(5)+1
       
 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       Uses the non-standard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTUNIT
       which must be defined (e.g. with ASTROLIB) prior to compilation.
 PROCEDURES USED:
       FITS_OPEN, FITS_READ, FTPRINT, TBPRINT
 HISTORY:
       version 1  W. Landsman    August 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftab_print.pro)


FTADDCOL

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 NAME:
      FTADDCOL
 PURPOSE:
      Routine to add a field to a FITS ASCII table

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      ftaddcol, h, tab, name, idltype, [ tform, tunit, tscal, tzero, tnull ]

 INPUTS:
      h - FITS table header.  It will be updated as appropriate
      tab - FITS table array.  Number of columns will be increased if
               neccessary.
      name - field name, scalar string
      idltype - idl data type (as returned by SIZE function) for field,
               For string data (type=7) use minus the string length.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
       tform - format specification 'qww.dd' where q = A, I, E, or D
       tunit - string giving physical units for the column.
       tscal - scale factor
       tzero - zero point for field
       tnull - null value for field

       Use '' as the value of tform,tunit,tscal,tzero,tnull if you want
       the default or no specification of them in the table header.

 OUTPUTS:
       h,tab - updated to allow new column of data

 PROCEDURES USED:
       FTINFO, FTSIZE, GETTOK(), SXADDPAR
 HISTORY:
       version 1  D. Lindler   July, 1987
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Updated call to new FTINFO   W. Landsman   April 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftaddcol.pro)


FTCREATE

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 NAME:
	FTCREATE
 PURPOSE:
	Create a new (blank) FITS ASCII table and header with specified size.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ftcreate, maxcols, maxrows, h, tab

 INPUTS:
	maxcols - number of character columns allocated, integer scalar
	maxrows - maximum number of rows allocated, integer scalar

 OUTPUTS:
	h - FITS header, string array
	tab - empty table, byte array 
 HISTORY:
	version 1  D. Lindler   July. 87

  21-Sep-88:  Because the degenerative dimension is deleted in Sun IDL,
	       this procedure has been modified to create table with at
	       least two rows.  If this isn't done, the other FT routines
	       choke on a table of one row.

  24-Oct-88:  Changed length of header strings from 81 to 80.  This conforms
	       to the latest format for FITS header strings.  The 81 character
	       format was dropped  due to problems it caused when data was
		transferred back to the VAX.

	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftcreate.pro)


FTDELCOL

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 NAME:
	FTDELCOL
 PURPOSE:
	Delete a column of data from a FITS table

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ftdelcol, h, tab, name

 INPUTS-OUPUTS
	h,tab - FITS table header and data array.  H and TAB will
		be updated with the specified column deleted

 INPUTS:
	name - Either (1) a string giving the name of the column to delete
		or (2) a scalar giving the column number to delete

 EXAMPLE:
	Suppose it has been determined that the F7.2 format used for a field
	FLUX in a FITS table is insufficient.  The old column must first be 
	deleted before a new column can be written with a new format.

	flux = FTGET(h,tab,'FLUX')       ;Save the existing values
	FTDELCOL,h,tab,'FLUX'            ;Delete the existing column            
	FTADDCOL,h,tab,'FLUX',8,'F9.2'   ;Create a new column with larger format
	FTPUT,h,tab,'FLUX',0,flux        ;Put back the original values

 REVISION HISTORY:                                           
	Written   W. Landsman        STX Co.     August, 1988
	Adapted for IDL Version 2, J. Isensee, July, 1990
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Updated call to new FTINFO   W. Landsman  May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftdelcol.pro)


FTDELROW

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 NAME:
	FTDELROW
 PURPOSE:
	Delete a row of data from a FITS table

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ftdelrow, h, tab, rows

 INPUTS-OUPUTS
	h,tab - FITS table header and data array.  H and TAB will
		be updated on output with the specified row(s) deleted.
	rows  -  scalar or vector, specifying the row numbers to delete
		This vector will be sorted and duplicates removed by FTDELROW

 EXAMPLE:
	Compress a table to include only non-negative flux values

	flux = FTGET(h,tab,'FLUX')       ;Obtain original flux vector
	bad = where(flux lt 0)           ;Find negative fluxes
	FTDELROW,h,tab,bad               ;Delete rows with negative fluxes

 PROCEDURE:
	Specified rows are deleted from the data array, TAB.  The NAXIS2
	keyword in the header is updated.

 REVISION HISTORY:                                           
	Written   W. Landsman        STX Co.     August, 1988
	Checked for IDL Version 2, J. Isensee, July, 1990
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftdelrow.pro)


FTGET

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 NAME:
      FTGET 
 PURPOSE:
      Function to return value(s) from specified column in a FITS ASCII table

 CALLING SEQUENCE
      values = FTGET( h, tab, field, [ rows, nulls ] )
                    or
      values = FTGET( ft_str, tab, field. [rows, nulls]
 INPUTS:
      h - FITS ASCII extension header (e.g. as returned by FITS_READ)
                            or
      ft_str - FITS table structure extracted from FITS header by FTINFO
                Use of the IDL structure will improve processing speed
      tab - FITS ASCII table array (e.g. as returned by FITS_READ)
      field - field name or number

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
      rows -  scalar or vector giving row number(s)
               Row numbers start at 0.  If not supplied or set to
               -1 then values for all rows are returned

 OUTPUTS:
       the values for the row are returned as the function value.
       Null values are set to 0 or blanks for strings.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       nulls - null value flag of same length as the returned data.
               It is set to 1 at null value positions and 0 elsewhere.
               If supplied then the optional input, rows, must also 
               be supplied.

 EXAMPLE:
       Read the columns labeled 'WAVELENGTH' and 'FLUX' from the second
       (ASCII table) extension of a FITS file 'spectra.fit'

       IDL> fits_read,'spectra.fit',tab,htab,exten=2     ;Read 2nd extension
       IDL> w = ftget( htab, tab,'wavelength')      ;Wavelength vector
       IDL> f = ftget( htab, tab,'flux')            ;Flux vector

       Slightly more efficient would be to first call FTINFO
       IDL> ftinfo, htab, ft_str                     ;Extract structure
       IDL> w = ftget(ft_str, tab,'wavelength')      ;Wavelength vector
       IDL> f = ftget(ft_str, tab,'flux')            ;Flux vector

 NOTES:
       (1) Use the higher-level procedure FTAB_EXT to extract vectors 
               directly from the FITS file.
       (2) Use FTAB_HELP or FTHELP to determine the columns in a particular
               ASCII table.
 HISTORY:
       coded by D. Lindler  July, 1987
       Always check for null values    W. Landsman          August 1990
       More informative error message  W. Landsman          Feb. 1996
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Allow structure rather than FITS header  W. Landsman   May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftget.pro)


FTHELP

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 NAME:
       FTHELP
 PURPOSE:
       Routine to print a description of a FITS ASCII table extension

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FTHELP, H, [ TEXTOUT = ]

 INPUTS:
       H - FITS header for ASCII table extension, string array

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD
       TEXTOUT - scalar number (0-7) or string (file name) determining
               output device (see TEXTOPEN).  Default is TEXTOUT=1, output 
               to the user's terminal    

 NOTES:
       FTHELP checks that the keyword XTENSION  equals 'TABLE' in the FITS
               header.

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       Uses the non-standard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTUNIT
       which must be defined (e.g. with ASTROLIB) prior to compilation.
 PROCEDURES USED:
       REMCHAR, SXPAR(), TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE, ZPARCHECK

 HISTORY:
       version 1  W. Landsman  Jan. 1988
       Add TEXTOUT option, cleaner format  W. Landsman   September 1991
       TTYPE value can be longer than 8 chars,  W. Landsman  August 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Remove calls to !ERR, some vectorization  W. Landsman  February 2000 

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fthelp.pro)


FTHMOD

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 NAME:
       FTHMOD
 PURPOSE:
       Procedure to modify header information for a specified field
       in a FITS table.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       fthmod, h, field, parameter, value
       
 INPUT:
       h - FITS header for the table
       field - field name or number
       parameter - string name of the parameter to modify.  Choices
               include:
                       TTYPE - field name
                       TUNIT - physical units for field (eg. 'ANGSTROMS')
                       TNULL - null value (string) for field, (eg. '***')
                       TFORM - format specification for the field
                       TSCAL - scale factor
                       TZERO - zero offset
               User should be aware that the validity of the change is
               not checked.  Unless you really know what you are doing,
               this routine should only be used to change field names,
               units, or another user specified parameter.
       value - new value for the parameter.  Refer to the FITS table
               standards documentation for valid values.

 EXAMPLE:
      Change the units for a field name "FLUX" to "Janskys" in a FITS table
        header,h

      IDL> FTHMOD, h, 'FLUX', 'TUNIT','Janskys' 
 METHOD:
       The header keyword  is modified
       with the new value.
 HISTORY:
       version 1, D. Lindler  July 1987
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Major rewrite to use new FTINFO call   W. Landsman   May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fthmod.pro)


FTINFO

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 NAME:
       FTINFO
 PURPOSE:
       Return an informational structure from a FITS ASCII table header.
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       ftinfo,h,ft_str, [Count = ]

 INPUTS:
       h - FITS ASCII table header, string array

 OUTPUTS:
       ft_str - IDL structure with extracted info from the FITS ASCII table
                header.   Tags include
        .tbcol - starting column position in bytes
        .width - width of the field in bytes
        .idltype - idltype of field.
                       7 - string, 4- real*4, 3-integer, 5-real*8
        .tunit - string unit numbers
        .tscal - scale factor
        .tzero - zero point for field
        .tnull - null value for the field
        .tform - format for the field
        .ttype - field name

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD:
       Count - Integer scalar giving number of fields in the table
 PROCEDURES USED:
       GETTOK(), SXPAR()
 NOTES:
       This procedure underwent a major revision in May 2000, and **THE
       NEW CALLING SEQUENCE IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH THE OLD ONE **
 HISTORY:
       D. Lindler  July, 1987
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Major rewrite, return structure   W. Landsman   April 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftinfo.pro)


FTKEEPROW

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 NAME:
	FTKEEPROW
 PURPOSE:
	Subscripts (and reorders) a FITS table.  A companion piece to FTDELROW.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	ftkeeprow, h, tab, subs

 INPUT PARAMETERS:
	h    = FITS table header array
	tab  = FITS table data array
	subs = subscript array of FITS table rows.  Works like any other IDL
		subscript array (0 based, of course).

 OUTPUT PARAMETERS:
	h and tab are modified

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
	Written by R. S. Hill, ST Sys. Corp., 2 May 1991.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftkeeprow.pro)


FTPRINT

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  NAME:
      FTPRINT
  PURPOSE:
       Procedure to print specified columns and rows of a FITS table

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FTPRINT, h, tab, columns, [ rows, TEXTOUT = ]

 INPUTS:
       h - Fits header for table, string array
       tab - table array 
       columns - string giving column names, or vector giving
               column numbers (beginning with 1).  If string 
               supplied then column names should be separated by comma's.
       rows - (optional) vector of row numbers to print.  If
               not supplied or set to scalar, -1, then all rows
               are printed.

 OUTPUTS:
       None

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS:
       TEXTOUT controls the output device; see the procedure TEXTOPEN

 SYSTEM VARIABLES:
       Uses nonstandard system variables !TEXTOUT and !TEXTOPEN
       Set !TEXTOUT = 3 to direct output to a disk file.   The system
       variable is overriden by the value of the keyword TEXTOUT

 EXAMPLES:

       ftprint,h,tab,'STAR ID,RA,DEC'    ;print id,ra,dec for all stars
       ftprint,h,tab,[2,3,4],indgen(100) ;print columns 2-4 for 
                                         ;first 100 stars
       ftprint,h,tab,text="stars.dat"    ;Convert entire FITS table to
                                         ;an ASCII file named STARS.DAT

 PROCEDURES USED:
       FTSIZE, FTINFO, TEXTOPEN, TEXTCLOSE

 RESTRICTIONS: 
       (1) Program does not check whether output length exceeds output
               device capacity (e.g. 80 or 132).
       (2) Column heading may be truncated to fit in space defined by
               the FORMAT specified for the column
       (3) Program does not check for null values

 HISTORY:
       version 1  D. Lindler Feb. 1987
       Accept undefined values of rows, columns   W. Landsman August 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       New FTINFO calling sequence    W. Landsman   May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftprint.pro)


FTPUT

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 NAME:
       FTPUT
 PURPOSE:
       Procedure to add or update a field in an FITS ASCII table

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       FTPUT, htab, tab, field, row, values, [ nulls ]

 INPUTS:
       htab - FITS ASCII table header string array
       tab - FITS ASCII table array (e.g. as read by READFITS)
       field - string field name or integer field number
       row -  either a non-negative integer scalar giving starting row to 
               update, or a non-negative integer vector specifying rows to 
               update.   FTPUT will append a new row to a table if the value 
               of 'row' exceeds the number of rows in the tab array    
       values - value(s) to add or update.   If row is a vector
               then values must contain the same number of elements.

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
       nulls - null value flag of same length as values.
               It should be set to 1 at null value positions
               and 0 elsewhere.

 OUTPUTS:
       htab,tab will be updated as specified.

 NOTES:
       (1) If the specified field is not already in the table, then FTPUT will
       create a new column for that field using default formatting.   However,
        FTADDCOL should be called prior to FTPUT for explicit formatting.

 PROCEDURES CALLED
       FSTRING(), FTADDCOL, FTINFO, FTSIZE, SXADDPAR, SXPAR()
 HISTORY:
       version 1  D. Lindler July, 1987
       Allow E format         W. Landsman          March 1992
       Write in F format if E format will overflow    April 1994
       Update documentation W. Landsman   January 1996
       Allow 1 element vector  W. Landsman   March 1996
       Adjust string length to maximum of input string array   June 1997
       Work for more than 32767 elements August 1997
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Updated call to the new FTINFO   W. Landsman   May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftput.pro)


FTSIZE

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 NAME:
       FTSIZE
 PURPOSE:
       Procedure to return the size of a FITS ASCII table.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       ftsize,h,tab,ncols,rows,tfields,ncols_all,nrows_all, [ERRMSG = ]

 INPUTS:
       h - FITS ASCII table header, string array
       tab - FITS table array, 2-d byte array

 OUTPUTS:
       ncols - number of characters per row in table
       nrows - number of rows in table
       tfields - number of fields per row
       ncols_all - number of characters/row allocated (size of tab)
       nrows_all - number of rows allocated

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD:
       ERRMSG  = If this keyword is present, then any error messages will be
                 returned to the user in this parameter rather than
                 depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
                 encountered, then a null string is returned.  
 HISTORY
       D. Lindler  July, 1987
       Fix for 1-row table,  W. Landsman    HSTX,     June 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added ERRMSG keyword   W. Landsman   May 2000
       

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftsize.pro)


FTSORT

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 NAME:
      FTSORT
 PURPOSE:
      Sort a FITS ASCII table according to a specified field

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      FTSORT,h,tab,[field, REVERSE = ]               ;Sort original table header and array
               or
      FTSORT,h,tab,hnew,tabnew,[field, REVERSE =]   ;Create new sorted header

 INPUTS:
      H - FITS header (string array)
      TAB - FITS table (byte array) associated with H.  If less than 4
               parameters are supplied, then H and TAB will be updated to 
               contain the sorted table

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
      FIELD - Field name(s) or number(s) used to sort the entire table.  
              If FIELD is a vector then the first element is used for the 
              primary sort, the second element is used for the secondary
              sort, and so forth.   (A secondary sort only takes effect when
              values in the primary sort  field are equal.)  Character fields
              are sorted using the ASCII collating sequence.  If omitted,
              the user will be prompted for the field name.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUTS:
      HNEW,TABNEW - Header and table containing the sorted tables

 EXAMPLE:
      Sort a FITS ASCII table by the 'DECLINATION' field in descending order
      Assume that the table header htab, and array, tab, have already been
      read (e.g. with READFITS or FITS_READ):

      IDL> FTSORT, htab, tab,'DECLINATION',/REVERSE
 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
       REVERSE - If set then the table is sorted in reverse order (maximum
              to minimum.    If FIELD is a vector, then REVERSE can also be
              a vector.   For example, REVERSE = [1,0] indicates that the
              primary sort should be in descending order, and the secondary
              sort should be in ascending order.

 EXAMPLE:
 SIDE EFFECTS:
       A HISTORY record is added to the table header.
 REVISION HISTORY:
      Written W. Landsman                         June, 1988
      Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
      New FTINFO calling sequence, added REVERSE keyword, allow secondary sorts
                  W. Landsman   May 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/ftsort.pro)


FXADDPAR

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 Name        : 
       FXADDPAR
 Purpose     : 
       Add or modify a parameter in a FITS header array.
 Explanation : 
       This version of FXADDPAR will write string values longer than 68 
       characters using the FITS continuation convention described at 
       http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/ofwg/docs/ofwg_recomm/r13.html
 Use         : 
       FXADDPAR, HEADER, NAME, VALUE, COMMENT
 Inputs      : 
       HEADER  = String array containing FITS header.  The maximum string
                 length must be equal to 80.  If not defined, then FXADDPAR
                 will create an empty FITS header array.

       NAME    = Name of parameter.  If NAME is already in the header the
                 value and possibly comment fields are modified. Otherwise a
                 new record is added to the header.  If NAME is equal to
                 either "COMMENT" or "HISTORY" then the value will be added to
                 the record without replacement.  In this case the comment
                 parameter is ignored.

       VALUE   = Value for parameter.  The value expression must be of the
                 correct type, e.g. integer, floating or string.
                 String values of 'T' or 'F' are considered logical
                 values.  If the value is a string and is "long"
                 (more than 69 characters), then it may be continued
                 over more than one line using the OGIP CONTINUE
                 standard.

 Opt. Inputs : 
       COMMENT = String field.  The '/' is added by this routine.  Added
                 starting in position 31.  If not supplied, or set equal to ''
                 (the null string), then any previous comment field in the
                 header for that keyword is retained (when found).
 Outputs     : 
       HEADER  = Updated header array.
 Opt. Outputs: 
       None.
 Keywords    : 
       BEFORE  = Keyword string name.  The parameter will be placed before the
                 location of this keyword.  For example, if BEFORE='HISTORY'
                 then the parameter will be placed before the first history
                 location.  This applies only when adding a new keyword;
                 keywords already in the header are kept in the same position.

       AFTER   = Same as BEFORE, but the parameter will be placed after the
                 location of this keyword.  This keyword takes precedence over
                 BEFORE.

       FORMAT  = Specifies FORTRAN-like format for parameter, e.g. "F7.3".  A
                 scalar string should be used.  For complex numbers the format
                 should be defined so that it can be applied separately to the
                 real and imaginary parts.

       /NOCONTINUE = By default, FXADDPAR will break strings longer than 68 
                characters into multiple lines using the continuation
                convention.    If this keyword is set, then the line will
                instead be truncated to 68 characters.    This was the default
                behaviour of FXADDPAR prior to December 1999.  
 Calls       : 
       FXPAR(), FXPARPOS()
 Common      : 
       None.
 Restrictions: 
       Warning -- Parameters and names are not checked against valid FITS
       parameter names, values and types.

       The required FITS keywords SIMPLE (or XTENSION), BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXIS1,
       NAXIS2, etc., must be entered in order.  The actual values of these
       keywords are not checked for legality and consistency, however.

 Side effects: 
       All HISTORY records are inserted in order at the end of the header.

       All COMMENT records are also inserted in order at the end of the
       header, but before the HISTORY records.  The BEFORE and AFTER keywords
       can override this.

       All records with no keyword (blank) are inserted in order at the end of
       the header, but before the COMMENT and HISTORY records.  The BEFORE and
       AFTER keywords can override this.

       All other records are inserted before any of the HISTORY, COMMENT, or
       "blank" records.  The BEFORE and AFTER keywords can override this.

       String values longer than 68 characters will be split into multiple
       lines using the OGIP CONTINUE convention, unless the /NOCONTINUE keyword
       is set.    For a description of the CONTINUE convention see    
       http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/ofwg/docs/ofwg_recomm/r13.htm
 Category    : 
       Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
       William Thompson, Jan 1992, from SXADDPAR by D. Lindler and J. Isensee.
       Differences include:

               * LOCATION parameter replaced with keywords BEFORE and AFTER.
               * Support for COMMENT and "blank" FITS keywords.
               * Better support for standard FITS formatting of string and
                 complex values.
               * Built-in knowledge of the proper position of required
                 keywords in FITS (although not necessarily SDAS/Geis) primary
                 headers, and in TABLE and BINTABLE extension headers.

       William Thompson, May 1992, fixed bug when extending length of header,
       and new record is COMMENT, HISTORY, or blank.
 Written     : 
       William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
       Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
               Incorporated into CDS library.
       Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 5 September 1997
               Fixed bug replacing strings that contain "/" character--it
               interpreted the following characters as a comment.
       Version 3, Craig Markwardt, GSFC,  December 1997
               Allow long values to extend over multiple lines
	Version 4, D. Lindler, March 2000, modified to use capital E instead
		of a lower case e for exponential format.
       Version 4.1 W. Landsman April 2000, make user-supplied format uppercase
 Version     : 
       Version 4.1, April 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxaddpar.pro)


FXBADDCOL

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBADDCOL
 Purpose     : 
	Adds a column to a binary table extension.
 Explanation : 
	Modify a basic FITS binary table extension (BINTABLE) header array to
	define a column.
 Use         : 
	FXBADDCOL, INDEX, HEADER, ARRAY  [, TTYPE [, COMMENT ]]
 Inputs      : 
	HEADER	= String array containing FITS extension header.
	ARRAY	= IDL variable used to determine the data size and type
		  associated with the column.  If the column is defined as
		  containing variable length arrays, then ARRAY must be of the
		  maximum size to be stored in the column.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	TTYPE	= Column label.
	COMMENT = Comment for TTYPE
 Outputs     : 
	INDEX	= Index (1-999) of the created column.
	HEADER	= The header is modified to reflect the added column.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	VARIABLE= If set, then the column is defined to contain pointers to
		  variable length arrays in the heap area.
	DCOMPLEX= If set, and ARRAY is complex, with the first dimension being
		  two (real and imaginary parts), then the column is defined as
		  double-precision complex (type "M").     This keyword is
		  only needed prior to IDL Version 4.0, when the double 
		  double complex datatype was unavailable in IDL
	BIT	= If passed, and ARRAY is of type byte, then the column is
		  defined as containg bit mask arrays (type "X"), with the
		  value of BIT being equal to the number of mask bits.
	LOGICAL	= If set, and array is of type byte, then the column is defined
		  as containing logical arrays (type "L").
	NO_TDIM	= If set, then the TDIMn keyword is not written out to the
		  header.  No TDIMn keywords are written for columns containing
		  variable length arrays.
	TUNIT	= If passed, then corresponding keyword is added to header.
	TSCAL	= Same.
	TZERO	= Same.
	TNULL	= Same.
	TDISP	= Same.
	TDMIN	= Same.
	TDMAX	= Same.
	TDESC	= Same.
	TCUNI	= Same.
	TROTA	= Same.
	TRPIX	= Same.
	TRVAL	= Same.
	TDELT	= Same.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBADDCOL, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXADDPAR, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	Warning: No checking is done of any of the parameters defining the
	values of optional FITS keywords.

	FXBHMAKE must first be called to initialize the header.

	If ARRAY is of type character, then it must be of the maximum length
	expected for this column.  If a character string array, then the
	largest string in the array is used to determine the maximum length.

	The DCOMPLEX keyword is ignored if ARRAY is not double-precision.
	ARRAY must also have a first dimension of two representing the real and
	imaginary parts.

	The BIT and LOGICAL keywords are ignored if ARRAY is not of type byte.
	BIT takes precedence over LOGICAL.

 Side effects: 
	If the data array is multidimensional, then a TDIM keyword is added to
	the header, unless either NO_TDIM or VARIABLE is set.

	No TDIMn keywords are written out for bit arrays (format 'X'), since
	the dimensions would refer to bits, not bytes.

 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Jan 1992.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, changed from function to procedure.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, modified to support variable length arrays.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 30 December 1994
		Added keyword TCUNI.
	Version 5, Wayne Landsman, GSFC, 12 Aug 1997
		Recognize double complex IDL datatype
 Version     :
       Version 5, 12 Aug 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbaddcol.pro)


FXBCLOSE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBCLOSE
 Purpose     : 
	Close a FITS binary table extension opened for read.
 Explanation : 
	Closes a FITS binary table extension that had been opened for read by
	FXBOPEN.
 Use         : 
	FXBCLOSE, UNIT
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number of the file.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBCLOSE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	None.
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The file must have been opened with FXBOPEN.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Feb. 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
 Version     :
       Version 3, 23 June 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbclose.pro)


FXBCOLNUM

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBCOLNUM()
 Purpose     : 
	Returns a binary table column number.
 Explanation : 
	Given a column specified either by number or name, this routine will
	return the appropriate column number.
 Use         : 
	Result = FXBCOLNUM( UNIT, COL )
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number corresponding to the file containing the
		  binary table.
	COL	= Column in the binary table, given either as a character
		  string containing a column label (TTYPE), or as a numerical
		  column index starting from column one.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	The result of the function is the number of the column specified, or
	zero if no column is found (when passed by name).
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			Result = FXBCOLNUM( ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ... )
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	None.
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The binary table file must have been opened with FXBOPEN.

	If COL is passed as a number, rather than as a name, then it must be
	consistent with the number of columns in the table.

 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	None.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, 2 July 1993.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 2 July 1993.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 29 October 1993.
		Added error message for not finding column by name.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
 Version     :
       Version 4, 23 June 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbcolnum.pro)


FXBCREATE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBCREATE
 Purpose     : 
	Open a new binary table at the end of a FITS file.
 Explanation : 
	Write a binary table extension header to the end of a disk FITS file,
	and leave it open to receive the data.

	The FITS file is opened, and the pointer is positioned just after the
	last 2880 byte record.  Then the binary header is appended.  Calls to
	FXBWRITE will append the binary data to this file, and then FXBFINISH
	will close the file.

 Use         : 
	FXBCREATE, UNIT, FILENAME, HEADER
 Inputs      : 
	FILENAME = Name of FITS file to be opened.
	HEADER	 = String array containing the FITS binary table extension
		   header.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	UNIT	 = Logical unit number of the opened file.
       EXTENSION= Extension number of newly created extension.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBCREATE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXADDPAR, FXBFINDLUN, FXBPARSE, FXFINDEND
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The primary FITS data unit must already be written to a file.  The
	binary table extension header must already be defined (FXBHMAKE), and
	must match the data that will be written to the file.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Jan 1992, based on WRITEFITS by J. Woffard and W. Landsman.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, changed from function to procedure.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, removed all references to temporary files.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 July 1993.
		Fixed bug with variable length arrays.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
	Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 5, Antony Bird, Southampton, 25 June 1997
		Modified to allow very long tables 
 Version     :
	Version 5, 25 June 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added EXTENSION parameter, C. Markwardt 1999 Jul 15

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbcreate.pro)


FXBDIMEN

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 Project     :	SOHO - CDS

 Name        :	FXBDIMEN()

 Purpose     :	Returns the dimensions for a column in a FITS binary table.

 Explanation :	This procedure returns the dimensions associated with a column
		in a binary table opened for read with the command FXBOPEN.

 Use         :	Result = FXBDIMEN(UNIT,COL)

 Inputs      :	UNIT	= Logical unit number returned by FXBOPEN routine.
			  Must be a scalar integer.

		COL	= Column in the binary table to read data from, either
			  as a character string containing a column label
			  (TTYPE), or as a numerical column index starting from
			  column one.

 Opt. Inputs :	None.

 Outputs     :	The result of the function is an array containing the
		dimensions for the specified column in the FITS binary table
		that UNIT points to.

 Opt. Outputs:	None.

 Keywords :	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will
			  be returned to the user in this parameter rather than
			  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no
			  errors are encountered, then a null string is
			  returned.  In order to use this feature, ERRMSG must
			  be defined first, e.g.

				ERRMSG = ''
				Result = FXBDIMEN( ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ... )
				IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       :	FXBCOLNUM, FXBFINDLUN

 Common      :	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
		information.

 Restrictions:	None.

 Side effects:	The dimensions will be returned whether or not the table is
		still open or not.

		If UNIT does not point to a binary table, then 0 is returned.

		If UNIT is an undefined variable, then 0 is returned.

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	None.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, 4 March 1994.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 4 March 1994.
		Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
			Added ERRMSG keyword.
		Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               	Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.

 Version     :	Version 3, 23 June 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbdimen.pro)


FXBFIND

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBFIND
 Purpose     : 
	Find column keywords in a FITS binary table header.
 Explanation : 
	Finds the value of a column keyword for all the columns in the binary
	table for which it is set.  For example,

		FXBFIND, UNIT, 'TTYPE', COLUMNS, VALUES, N_FOUND

	Would find all instances of the keywords TTYPE1, TTYPE2, etc.  The
	array COLUMNS would contain the column numbers for which a TTYPEn
	keyword was found, and VALUES would contain the values.  N_FOUND would
	contain the total number of instances found.

 Use         : 
	FXBFIND, [UNIT or HEADER], KEYWORD, COLUMNS, VALUES, N_FOUND
		[, DEFAULT ]
 Inputs      : 
	Either UNIT or HEADER must be passed.

	UNIT	= Logical unit number of file opened by FXBOPEN.
	HEADER	= FITS binary table header.
	KEYWORD	= Prefix to a series of FITS binary table column keywords.  The
		  keywords to be searched for are formed by combining this
		  prefix with the numbers 1 through the value of TFIELDS in the
		  header.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	DEFAULT	= Default value to use for any column keywords that aren't
		  found.  If passed, then COLUMNS and VALUES will contain
		  entries for every column.  Otherwise, COLUMNS and VALUES only
		  contain entries for columns where values were found.
 Outputs     : 
	COLUMNS	= Array containing the column numbers for which values of the
		  requested keyword series were found.
	VALUES	= Array containing the found values.
	N_FOUND	= Number of values found.  The value of this parameter is
		  unaffected by whether or not DEFAULT is passed.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	None.
 Calls       : 
	FXBFINDLUN, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	If UNIT is passed, then the file must have been opened with FXBOPEN.
	If HEADER is passed, then it must be a legal FITS binary table header.

	The type of DEFAULT must be consistent with the values of the requested
	keywords, i.e. both most be either of string or numerical type.

	The KEYWORD prefix must not have more than five characters to leave
	room for the three digits allowed for the column numbers.

 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Feb. 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
 Version     : 
	Version 1, 12 April 1993.
       Vectorized implementation improves performance, CM 18 Nov 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbfind.pro)


FXBFINDLUN

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBFINDLUN()
 Purpose     : 
	Find logical unit number UNIT in FXBINTABLE common block.
 Explanation : 
	Finds the proper index to use for getting information about the logical
	unit number UNIT in the arrays stored in the FXBINTABLE common block.
	Called from FXBCREATE and FXBOPEN.
 Use         : 
	Result = FXBFINDLUN( UNIT )
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	The result of the function is an index into the FXBINTABLE common
	block.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	None.
 Calls       : 
	None.
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	None.
 Side effects: 
	If UNIT is not found in the common block, then it is added to the
	common block.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Feb. 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 July 1993.
		Added DHEAP variable to fix bug with variable length arrays.
	Version 3, Michael Schubnell, University of Michigan, 22 May 1996
		Change N_DIMS from short to long integer.
 Version     : 
	Version 3, 22 May 1996
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbfindlun.pro)


FXBFINISH

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBFINISH
 Purpose     : 
	Close a FITS binary table extension file opened for write.
 Explanation : 
	Closes a FITS binary table extension file that had been opened for
	write by FXBCREATE.
 Use         : 
	FXBFINISH, UNIT
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number of the file.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBFINISH, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	None.
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The file must have been opened with FXBCREATE, and written with
	FXBWRITE.
 Side effects: 
	Any bytes needed to pad the file out to an integral multiple of 2880
	bytes are written out to the file.  Then, the file is closed.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Jan 1992.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, modified to support variable length arrays.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, removed all references to temporary files.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 July 1993.
		Fixed bug with variable length arrays.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
 Version     :
       Version 4, 23 June 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbfinish.pro)


FXBGROW

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 Project     : RXTE/PCA

 Name        : 
	FXBGROW
 Purpose     : 
	Increase the number of rows in a binary table.
 Explanation : 
       Call FXBGROW to increase the size of an already-existing FITS
       binary table.  The number of rows increases to NROWS (or does
       not change if NROWS is less than the number of rows already
       existing).  WARNING:  the table to be grown must be the *last*
       extension in the FITS file.  FXBGROW does *not* preserve any
       following extensions.  This procedure is useful when a table
       with an unknown number of rows must be created.  The caller
       would then call FXBCREATE to construct a table of some base
       size, and follow with calls to FXBGROW to lengthen the table
       as needed.

 Use         : 
	FXBGROW, UNIT, HEADER, NROWS[, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, NOZERO=NOZERO]
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT     = Logical unit number of an already-opened file.
	HEADER	 = String array containing the FITS binary table extension
		   header.  The header is modified in place.
       NROWS    = New number of rows, always more than the previous
                  number.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
       NOZERO   = when set, FXBGROW will not zero-pad the new data if
                  it doesn't have to.
	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBGROW, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXADDPAR, FXHREAD
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
       The file must be open with write permission.

       The binary table extension in question must already by written
       to the file (using FXBCREATE), and must be the last extension
       in the file.

       A table can never shrink via this operation.

       This operation is not well optimized for tables with large
       heap usage, such as large variable-length columns.  Since the
       procedure must move the entire heap upon every call, it could
       be (1) memory intensive and (2) I/O intensive.

 Side effects: 
	The FITS file will grow in size, and heap areas are
	preserved by moving them to the end of the file.

       The header is modified to reflect the new number of rows.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
       Initially written, C. Markwardt, GSFC, Nov 1998
 Written     : 
	Craig Markwardt, GSFC, Nov 1998
 Version     :
       Version 1, 17 Nov 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbgrow.pro)


FXBHEADER

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 Project     :	SOHO - CDS

 Name        :	FXBHEADER()

 Purpose     :	Returns the header of an open FITS binary table.

 Explanation :	This procedure returns the FITS extension header of a FITS
		binary table opened for read with the command FXBOPEN.

 Use         :	Result = FXBHEADER(UNIT)

 Inputs      :	UNIT	= Logical unit number returned by FXBOPEN routine.
			  Must be a scalar integer.

 Opt. Inputs :	None.

 Outputs     :	The result of the function is a string array containing the
		header for the FITS binary table that UNIT points to.

 Opt. Outputs:	None.

 Keywords    :	None.

 Calls       :	FXBFINDLUN

 Common      :	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
		information.

 Restrictions:	None.

 Side effects:	The string array returned always has as many elements as the
		largest header read by FXBOPEN.  Any extra elements beyond the
		true header are blank or null strings.

		The header will be returned whether or not the table is still
		open or not.

		If UNIT does not point to a binary table, then a string array
		of nulls is returned.

		If UNIT is an undefined variable, then the null string is
		returned.

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	None.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, 1 July 1993.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 1 July 1993.

 Version     :	Version 1, 1 July 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbheader.pro)


FXBHELP

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBHELP
 Purpose     : 
	Prints short description of columns in a FITS binary table.
 Explanation : 
	Prints a short description of the columns in a FITS binary table to the
	terminal screen.
 Use         : 
	FXBHELP, UNIT
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number of file opened by FXBOPEN.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	None.
 Calls       : 
	FXBFIND, FXBFINDLUN, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The file must have been opened with FXBOPEN.
 Side effects: 
	Certain fields may be truncated in the display.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Feb. 1992, from TBHELP by W. Landsman.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 May 1993.
		Modified to not write to a logical unit number assigned to the
		terminal.  This makes it compatible with IDL for Windows.
 Version     : 
	Version 2, 12 May 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbhelp.pro)


FXBHMAKE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBHMAKE
 Purpose     : 
	Create basic FITS binary table extension (BINTABLE) header.
 Explanation : 
	Creates a basic header array with all the required keywords, but with
	none of the table columns defined.  This defines a basic structure
	which can then be added to or modified by other routines.
 Use         : 
	FXBHMAKE, HEADER, NROWS  [, EXTNAME  [, COMMENT ]]
 Inputs      : 
	NROWS	= Number of rows in the binary table.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	EXTNAME	= If passed, then the EXTNAME record is added with this value.
	COMMENT = Comment to go along with EXTNAME.
 Outputs     : 
	HEADER = String array containing FITS extension header.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	INITIALIZE = If set, then the header is completely initialized, and any
		     previous entries are lost.
	DATE	   = If set, then the DATE keyword is added to the header.
	EXTVER	   = Extension version number (integer).
	EXTLEVEL   = Extension level number (integer).
	ERRMSG	   = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		     returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		     depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		     encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		     use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBHMAKE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	GET_DATE, FXADDPAR, FXHCLEAN
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	Warning:  No checking is done of any of the parameters.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Jan 1992.
	William Thompson, Sep 1992, added EXTVER and EXTLEVEL keywords.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
 Version     :
       Version 3, 23 June 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbhmake.pro)


FXBINTABLE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBINTABLE
 Purpose     : 
	Common block FXBINTABLE used by "FXB" routines.
 Explanation : 
	This is not an IDL routine as such, but contains the definition of the
	common block FXBINTABLE for inclusion into other routines.  By defining
	the common block in one place, the problem of conflicting definitions
	is avoided.

	This file is included into routines that need this common block with
	the single line (left justified)

				  @fxbintable

	FXBINTABLE contains the following arrays:

		LUN	= An array of logical unit numbers of currently (or
			  previously) opened binary table files.
		STATE	= Array containing the state of the FITS files
			  associated with the logical unit numbers, where
			  0=closed, 1=open for read, and 2=open for write.
		HEAD	= FITS binary table headers.
		MHEADER	= Array containing the positions of the first data byte
			  of the header for each file referenced by array LUN.
		NHEADER	= Array containing the positions of the first data byte
			  after the header for each file referenced by array
			  LUN.
		NAXIS1	= Values of NAXIS1 from the binary table headers.
		NAXIS2	= Values of NAXIS2 from the binary table headers.
		TFIELDS	= Values of TFIELDS from the binary table headers.
		HEAP	= The start of the first byte of the heap area
			  for variable length arrays.
		DHEAP	= The start of the first byte of the next variable
			  length array, if writing.
		BYTOFF	= Byte offset from the beginning of the row for each
			  column in the binary table headers.
		TTYPE	= Values of TTYPE for each column in the binary table
			  headers.
		FORMAT	= Character code formats of the various columns.
		IDLTYPE	= IDL type code for each column in the binary table
			  headers.
		N_ELEM	= Number of elements for each column in the binary
			  table headers.
		TSCAL	= Scale factors for the individual columns.
		TZERO	= Zero offsets for the individual columns.
		MAXVAL	= For variable length arrays, contains the maximum
			  number of elements for each column in the binary
			  table headers.
		N_DIMS	= Number of dimensions, and array of dimensions for
			  each column of type string in the binary table
			  headers.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Feb 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 July 1993.
		Added DHEAP variable to fix bug with variable length arrays.
 Version     : 
	Version 2, 21 July 1993.

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbintable.pro)


FXBISOPEN

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 Project     :	SOHO - CDS

 Name        :	FXBISOPEN()

 Purpose     :	Returns true if UNIT points to an open FITS binary table.

 Explanation :	This procedure checks to see if the logical unit number given
		by the variable UNIT corresponds to a FITS binary table opened
		for read with the command FXBOPEN, and which has not yet been
		closed with FXBCLOSE.

 Use         :	Result = FXBISOPEN(UNIT)

		If FXBISOPEN(UNIT) THEN ...

 Inputs      :	UNIT	= Logical unit number returned by FXBOPEN routine.
			  Must be a scalar integer.

 Opt. Inputs :	None.

 Outputs     :	The result of the function is either True (1) or False (0),
		depending on whether UNIT points to an open binary table or
		not.

 Opt. Outputs:	None.

 Keywords    :	None.

 Calls       :	FXBFINDLUN

 Common      :	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
		information.

 Restrictions:	None.

 Side effects:	If UNIT is an undefined variable, then False (0) is returned.

		If UNIT points to a FITS binary table file that is opened for
		write, then False (0) is returned.

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	None.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, 1 July 1993.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 1 July 1993.

 Version     :	Version 1, 1 July 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbisopen.pro)


FXBOPEN

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBOPEN
 Purpose     : 
	Open binary table extension in a disk FITS file for reading.
 Explanation : 
	Opens a binary table extension in a disk FITS file for reading.  The
	columns are then read using FXBREAD, and the file is closed when done
	with FXBCLOSE.
 Use         : 
	FXBOPEN, UNIT, FILENAME, EXTENSION  [, HEADER ]
 Inputs      : 
       FILENAME  = Name of FITS file to be opened.  Optional
                   extension *number* may be specified, in either of
                   the following formats (using the FTOOLS
                   convention): FILENAME[EXT] or FILENAME+EXT, where
                   EXT is 1 or higher.  Such an extension
                   specification takes priority over EXTENSION.
                
	EXTENSION = Either the number of the FITS extension, starting with the
		    first extension after the primary data unit being one; or a
		    character string containing the value of EXTNAME to search
		    for.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	UNIT	  = Logical unit number of the opened file.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	HEADER	  = String array containing the FITS binary table extension
		    header.
 Keywords    : 
	NO_TDIM	  = If set, then any TDIMn keywords found in the header are
		    ignored.

       ACCESS    = A scalar string describing access privileges as
                   one of READ ('R') or UPDATE ('RW').
                   DEFAULT: 'R'

       REOPEN    = If set, UNIT must be an already-opened file unit.
                   FXBOPEN will treat the file as a FITS file.

	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBOPEN, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXBFINDLUN, FXBPARSE, FXHREAD, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The file must be a valid FITS file.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, based on READFITS by J. Woffard and W. Landsman.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, changed from function to procedure.
	W. Thompson, June 1992, fixed up error handling.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 27 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Extended ERRMSG to call to FXBPARSE
       Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
       Version 4, 23 June 1994
       	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

 Added ACCESS, REOPEN keywords, and FXFILTER package, CM 1999 Feb 03
 Added FILENAME[EXT] and FILENAME+EXT extension parsing, CM 1999 Jun 28
 Some general tidying, CM 1999 Nov 18

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbopen.pro)


FXBPARSE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBPARSE
 Purpose     : 
	Parse the binary table extension header.
 Explanation : 
	Parses the binary table extension header, and store the information
	about the format of the binary table in the FXBINTABLE common
	block--called from FXBCREATE and FXBOPEN.
 Use         : 
	FXBPARSE, ILUN, UNIT, HEADER
 Inputs      : 
	ILUN	= Index into the arrays in the FXBINTABLE common block.
	HEADER	= FITS binary table extension header.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	NO_TDIM	  = If set, then any TDIMn keywords found in the header are
		    ignored.
	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBPARSE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXBFIND, FXBTDIM, FXBTFORM, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	None.
 Side effects: 
	Any TDIMn keywords found for bit arrays (format 'X') are ignored, since
	the dimensions would refer to bits, not bytes.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Feb. 1992.
	William Thompson, Jan. 1993, modified for renamed FXBTFORM and FXBTDIM.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 4, Michael Schubnell, University of Michigan, 22 May 1996
		Change N_DIMS from short to long integer.
	Version 5, W. Landsman, GSFC, 12 Aug 1997
		Use double complex datatype, if needed
	Version 6, W. Landsman GSFC 30 Aug 1997
 Version     : 
	Version 6, 31 Aug 1997
       Optimized FXPAR; call FXBFIND for speed, CM 1999 Nov 18

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbparse.pro)


FXBREAD

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBREAD
 Purpose     : 
	Read a data array from a disk FITS binary table file.
 Explanation : 
	Each call to FXBREAD will read the data from one column and one row
	from the FITS data file, which should already have been opened by
	FXBOPEN.  One needs to call this routine for every column and every row
	in the binary table.  FXBCLOSE will then close the FITS data file.
 Use         : 
	FXBREAD, UNIT, DATA, COL  [, ROW ]
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number corresponding to the file containing the
		  binary table.
	COL	= Column in the binary table to read data from, either as a
		  character string containing a column label (TTYPE), or as a
		  numerical column index starting from column one.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	ROW	= Either row number in the binary table to read data from,
		  starting from row one, or a two element array containing a
		  range of row numbers to read.  If not passed, then the entire
		  column is read in.

		  Row must be passed for variable length arrays.

 Outputs     : 
	DATA	= IDL data array to be read from the file.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	NOSCALE	= If set, then the output data will not be scaled using the
		  optional TSCAL and TZERO keywords in the FITS header.
		  Default is to scale.
       NOIEEE  = If set, then the output data is not byte-swapped to 
                 machine order.  NOIEEE implies NOSCALE.
                 Default is to perform the byte-swap.
	VIRTUAL	= If set, and COL is passed as a name rather than a number,
		  then if the program can't find a column with that name, it
		  will then look for a keyword with that name in the header.
		  Such a keyword would then act as a "virtual column", with the
		  same value for every row.
	DIMENSIONS = Vector array containing the dimensions to be used to read
		  in the data.  Bypasses any dimensioning information stored in
		  the header.  Ignored for bit arrays.  If the data type is
		  double-precision complex, then an extra dimension of 2 is
		  prepended to the dimensions passed by the user.
	NANVALUE= Value signalling data dropout.  All points corresponding to
		  IEEE NaN (not-a-number) are converted to this number.
		  Ignored unless DATA is of type float, double-precision or
		  complex.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBREAD, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	IEEE_TO_HOST, FXPAR, WHERE_NEGZERO, WHERENAN
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The binary table file must have been opened with FXBOPEN.

	The data must be consistent with the column definition in the binary
	table header.

	The row number must be consistent with the number of rows stored in the
	binary table header.

	The number of elements implied by the dimensions keyword must not
	exceed the number of elements stored in the file.

 Side effects: 
	If the DIMENSIONS keyword is used, then the number of data points read
	in may be less than the number of points stored in the table.

	If there are no elements to read in (the number of elements is zero),
	then the program sets !ERR to -1, and DATA is unmodified.

 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Jan 1992.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, modified to support variable length arrays.
	W. Thompson, Jun 1992, modified way that row ranges are read in.  No
			       longer works reiteratively.
	W. Thompson, Jun 1992, fixed bug where NANVALUE would be modified by
			       TSCAL and TZERO keywords.
	W. Thompson, Jun 1992, fixed bug when reading character strings.
			       Treats dimensions better when reading multiple
			       rows.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 30 June 1993.
		Added overwrite keyword to REFORM call to speed up.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 July 1993.
		Fixed bug with variable length arrays.
	Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 29 October 1993.
		Added error message for not finding column by name.
	Version 5, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 6, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 7, William Thompson, GSFC, 29 December 1994
		Fixed bug where single element dimensions were lost.
	Version 8, William Thompson, GSFC, 20 March 1995
		Fixed bug introduced in version 7.
	Version 9, Wayne Landsman, GSFC, 3 July 1996
		Fixed bug involving use of virtual keyword.
	Version 10, William Thompson, GSFC, 31-Jan-1997
		Added call to WHERE_NEGZERO.
	Version 11, Wayne Landsman, GSFC, 12 Aug, 1997
		Use IDL dcomplex datatype if needed
	Version 12, Wayne Landmsan, GSFC, 20 Feb, 1998
		Remove call to WHERE_NEGZERO (now part of IEEE_TO_HOST)
	Version 13, 18 Nov 1999, CM, Add NOIEEE keyword
	Version 14, 21 Aug 2000, William Thompson, GSFC
		Catch I/O errors
 Version     :
       Version 14, 21 Aug 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbread.pro)


FXBREADM

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 Project     : RXTE/PCA

 Name        : 
	FXBREADM
 Purpose     : 
	Read multiple columns/rows from a disk FITS binary table file.
 Explanation : 
       A call to FXBREADM will read data from multiple rows and
       multiple columns in a single procedure call.  Up to fifty
       columns may be read in a single pass; the number of rows is
       limited essentially by available memory.  The file should have
       already been opened with FXBOPEN.  FXBREADM optimizes reading
       multiple columns by first reading a large chunk of data from
       the FITS file directly, and then slicing the data into columns
       within memory.  FXBREADM cannot read variable-length arrays;
       use FXBREAD instead.
 Use         : 
	FXBREADM, UNIT, COL, DATA1, DATA2, ... [, ROW=ROW ]
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number corresponding to the file containing the
		  binary table.
       COL     = An array of columns in the binary table to read data
                 from, either as character strings containing column
                 labels (TTYPE), or as numerical column indices
                 starting from column one.
 Opt. Inputs : 
       None.
 Outputs     : 
	D0, ... = A named variable to accept the data values, one for
                 each column.  The columns are stored in order of the
                 list in COL.  If the read operation fails for a
                 particular column, then the corresponding output Dn
                 variable is not altered.  See the STATUS keyword.

 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ROW	= Either row number in the binary table to read data from,
		  starting from row one, or a two element array containing a
		  range of row numbers to read.  If not passed, then the entire
		  column is read in.
	NOSCALE	= If set, then the ouput data will not be scaled using the
		  optional TSCAL and TZERO keywords in the FITS header.
		  Default is to scale.
	VIRTUAL	= If set, and COL is passed as a name rather than a number,
		  then if the program can't find a column with that name, it
		  will then look for a keyword with that name in the header.
		  Such a keyword would then act as a "virtual column", with the
		  same value for every row.
	DIMENSIONS = FXBREADM ignores this keyword.  It is here for
	          compatibility only.
	NANVALUE= Value signalling data dropout.  All points corresponding to
		  IEEE NaN (not-a-number) are converted to this number.
		  Ignored unless DATA is of type float, double-precision or
		  complex.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBREAD, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...
       WARNMSG = Messages which are considered to be non-fatal
                 "warnings" are returned in this  output string.
       BUFFERSIZE = Raw data are transferred from the file in chunks
                 to conserve memory.  This is the size in bytes of
                 each chunk.  If a value of zero is given, then all
                 of the data are transferred in one pass.  Default is
                 32768 (32 kB).
       STATUS  = An output array containing the status for each
                 column read, 1 meaning success and 0 meaning failure.

 Calls       : 
	IEEE_TO_HOST, FXPAR, WHERENAN
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The binary table file must have been opened with FXBOPEN.

	The data must be consistent with the column definition in the binary
	table header.

	The row number must be consistent with the number of rows stored in the
	binary table header.

       No variable-length columns may be read with FXBREADM.

       Generaly speaking, FXBREADM will be faster than iterative
       calls to FXBREAD when (a) a large number of columns is to be
       read or (b) the size in bytes of each cell is small, so that
       the overhead of the FOR loop in FXBREAD becomes significant.

 Side effects: 
	If there are no elements to read in (the number of elements is zero),
	then the program sets !ERR to -1, and DATA is unmodified.

 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
       C. Markwardt, January 1999, based in concept on FXBREAD version 12 from
                              IDLASTRO, but with significant and
                              major changes to accomodate the
                              multiple row/column technique.  Mostly
                              the parameter checking and general data
                              flow remain.

 Written     : 
       Craig Markwardt, GSFC, January 1999.
 Modified    :
       Version 1, Craig Markwardt, GSFC 18 January 1999.
               Documented this routine, 18 January 1999. 
 Version     :
       Version 1, 18 January 1999.

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbreadm.pro)


FXBSTATE

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 Project     :	SOHO - CDS

 Name        :	FXBSTATE()

 Purpose     :	Returns the state of a FITS binary table.

 Explanation :	This procedure returns the state of a FITS binary table that
		was either opened for read with the command FXBOPEN, or for
		write with the command FXBCREATE.

 Use         :	Result = FXBSTATE(UNIT)

 Inputs      :	UNIT	= Logical unit number returned by FXBOPEN routine.
			  Must be a scalar integer.

 Opt. Inputs :	None.

 Outputs     :	The result of the function is the state of the FITS binary
		table that UNIT points to.  This can be one of three values:

			0 = Closed
			1 = Open for read
			2 = Open for write

 Opt. Outputs:	None.

 Keywords    :	None.

 Calls       :	FXBFINDLUN

 Common      :	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
		information.

 Restrictions:	None.

 Side effects:	If UNIT is an undefined variable, then 0 (closed) is returned.

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	None.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, 1 July 1993.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 1 July 1993.

 Version     :	Version 1, 1 July 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbstate.pro)


FXBTDIM

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBTDIM()
 Purpose     : 
	Parse TDIM-like kwywords.
 Explanation : 
	Parses the value of a TDIM-like keyword (e.g. TDIMnnn, TDESC, etc.) to
	return the separate elements contained within.
 Use         : 
	Result = FXBTDIM( TDIM_KEYWORD )
 Inputs      : 
	TDIM_KEYWORD	= The value of a TDIM-like keyword.  Must be a
			  character string of the form "(value1,value2,...)".
			  If the parentheses characters are missing, then the
			  string is simply returned as is, without any further
			  processing.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	The result of the function is a character string array containing the
	values contained within the keyword parameter.  If a numerical result
	is desired, then simply call, e.g.

		Result = FIX( FXBTDIM( TDIM_KEYWORD ))

 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	None.
 Calls       : 
	GETTOK
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	The input parameter must have the proper format.  The separate values
	must not contain the comma character.  TDIM_KEYWORD must not be an
	array.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Jan. 1992.
	William Thompson, Jan. 1993, renamed to be compatible with DOS
		limitations.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
 Version     : 
	Version 1, 12 April 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbtdim.pro)


FXBTFORM

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBTFORM
 Purpose     : 
	Returns information about FITS binary table columns.
 Explanation : 
	Procedure to return information about the format of the various columns
	in a FITS binary table.
 Use         : 
	FXBTFORM,HEADER,TBCOL,IDLTYPE,FORMAT,NUMVAL,MAXVAL
 Inputs      : 
	HEADER	= Fits binary table header.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	TBCOL	= Array of starting column positions in bytes.
	IDLTYPE	= IDL data types of columns.
	FORMAT	= Character code defining the data types of the columns.
	NUMVAL	= Number of elements of the data arrays in the columns.
	MAXVAL	= Maximum number of elements for columns containing variable
		  length arrays, or zero otherwise.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ERRMSG	  = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		    returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		    depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		    encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		    use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBTFORM, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXPAR
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	None.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Feb. 1992, from TBINFO by D. Lindler.
	W. Thompson, Jan. 1993, renamed to be compatible with DOS limitations.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 9 April 1997
		Modified so that variable length arrays can be read, even if
		the maximum array size is not in the header.
	Version 5  Wayne Landsman, GSFC, August 1997
		Recognize double complex array type if since IDL version 4.0
 Version     :
       Version 6
       Optimized FXPAR call, CM 1999 Nov 18

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbtform.pro)


FXBWRITE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXBWRITE
 Purpose     : 
	Write a binary data array to a disk FITS binary table file.
 Explanation : 
	Each call to FXBWRITE will write to the data file, which should already
	have been created and opened by FXBCREATE.  One needs to call this
	routine for every column and every row in the binary table.  FXBFINISH
	will then close the file.
 Use         : 
	FXBWRITE, UNIT, DATA, COL, ROW
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number corresponding to the file containing the
		  binary table.
	DATA	= IDL data array to be written to the file.
	COL	= Column in the binary table to place data in, starting from
		  column one.
	ROW	= Row in the binary table to place data in, starting from row
		  one.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	BIT	= Number of bits in bit mask arrays (type "X").  Only used if
		  the column is of variable size.
	NANVALUE= Value signalling data dropout.  All points corresponding to
		  this value are set to be IEEE NaN (not-a-number).  Ignored
		  unless DATA is of type float, double-precision or complex.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBWRITE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	HOST_TO_IEEE
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The binary table file must have been opened with FXBCREATE.

	The data must be consistent with the column definition in the binary
	table header.

	The row number must be consistent with the number of rows stored in the
	binary table header.

 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Jan 1992, based on WRITEFITS by J. Woffard and W. Landsman.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, modified to support variable length arrays.
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, removed all references to temporary files.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 July 1993.
		Fixed bug with variable length arrays.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 5, Wayne Landsman, GSFC, 12 Aug 1997
		Recognize IDL double complex data type
 Version     :
       Version 5, 12 August 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbwrite.pro)


FXBWRITM

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 Project     : RXTE/PCA

 Name        : 
	FXBWRITM
 Purpose     : 
       Write multiple columns/rows to a disk FITS binary table file.
 Explanation : 
       A call to FXBWRITM will write multiple rows and multiple
       columns to a binary table in a single procedure call.  Up to
       fifty columns may be read in a single pass.  The file should
       have already been opened with FXBOPEN (with write access) or
       FXBCREATE.  FXBWRITM optimizes writing multiple columns by
       first writing a large chunk of data to the FITS file all at
       once.  FXBWRITM cannot write variable-length arrays; use
       FXBWRITE instead.
 Use         : 
	FXBWRITM, UNIT, COL, D0, D1, D2, ..., ROW=ROW
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number corresponding to the file containing the
		  binary table.
	D0,...	= An IDL data array to be written to the file, one for
                 each column.
	COL	= Column in the binary table to place data in, starting from
		  column one.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ROW	= Either row number in the binary table to writedata to,
		  starting from row one, or a two element array containing a
		  range of row numbers to write.  If not passed, then
		  the entire column is written.
	NANVALUE= Value signalling data dropout.  All points corresponding to
		  this value are set to be IEEE NaN (not-a-number).  Ignored
		  unless DATA is of type float, double-precision or complex.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXBWRITE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...
       WARNMSG = Messages which are considered to be non-fatal
                 "warnings" are returned in this  output string.
       BUFFERSIZE = Data are transferred in chunks to conserve
                 memory.  This is the size in bytes of each chunk.
                 If a value of zero is given, then all of the data
                 are transferred in one pass.  Default is 32768 (32
                 kB).
       STATUS  = An output array containing the status for each
                 read, 1 meaning success and 0 meaning failure.

 Calls       : 
	HOST_TO_IEEE
 Common      : 
	Uses common block FXBINTABLE--see "fxbintable.pro" for more
	information.
 Restrictions: 
	The binary table file must have been opened with FXBCREATE or
       FXBOPEN (with write access).

	The data must be consistent with the column definition in the binary
	table header.

	The row number must be consistent with the number of rows stored in the
	binary table header.

 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
       C. Markwardt, based on FXBWRITE and FXBREADM (ver 1), Jan 1999
 Written     : 
	Craig Markwardt, GSFC, January 1999.
 Modified    :
       Version 1, Craig Markwardt, GSFC 18 January 1999.
               Documented this routine, 18 January 1999. 
 Version     :
       Version 1, 18 January 1999.

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxbwritm.pro)


FXFINDEND

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXFINDEND
 Purpose     : 
	Find the end of a FITS file.
 Explanation : 
	This routine finds the end of the last logical record in a FITS file,
	which may be different from that of the physical end of the file.  Each
	FITS header is read in and parsed, and the file pointer is moved to
	where the next FITS extension header would be if there is one, or to
	the end of the file if not.
 Use         : 
	FXFINDEND, UNIT [, EXTENSION]
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number for the opened file.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
       EXTENSION = The extension number that a new extension would
                   have if placed at the end of the file.
 Keywords    : 
	None.
 Calls       : 
	FXHREAD, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	The file must have been opened for block I/O.  There must not be any
	FITS "special records" at the end of the file.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Feb. 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
 Version     : 
	Version 1, 12 April 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Added EXTENSION parameter, CM 1999 Nov 18

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxfindend.pro)


FXHCLEAN

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXHCLEAN
 Purpose     : 
	Removes required keywords from FITS header.
 Explanation : 
	Removes any keywords relevant to array structure from a FITS header,
	preparatory to recreating it with the proper values.
 Use         : 
	FXHCLEAN, HEADER
 Inputs      : 
	HEADER	= FITS header to be cleaned.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	HEADER	= The cleaned FITS header is returned in place of the input
		  array.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXHCLEAN, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	SXDELPAR, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	HEADER must be a string array containing a properly formatted FITS
	header.
 Side effects: 
	Warning:  when cleaning a binary table extension header, not all of the
	keywords pertaining to columns in the table may be removed.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Jan 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 30 December 1994
		Added TCUNIn to list of column keywords to be removed.
 Version     :
       Version 4, 30 December 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxhclean.pro)


FXHMAKE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXHMAKE
 Purpose     : 
	Create a basic FITS header array.
 Explanation : 
	Creates a basic header array with all the required keywords.  This
	defines a basic structure which can then be added to or modified by
	other routines.
 Use         : 
	FXHMAKE, HEADER  [, DATA ]
 Inputs      : 
	None required.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	DATA	= IDL data array to be written to file in the primary data unit
		  (not in an extension).  This is used to determine the values
		  of the BITPIX and NAXIS, etc. keywords.

		  If not passed, then BITPIX is set to eight, NAXIS is set to
		  zero, and no NAXISnnn keywords are included in this
		  preliminary header.
 Outputs     : 
	HEADER = String array containing FITS header.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	INITIALIZE = If set, then the header is completely initialized, and any
		     previous entries are lost.
	EXTEND	= If set, then the keyword EXTEND is inserted into the file,
		  with the value of "T" (true).
	DATE	= If set, then the DATE keyword is added to the header.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXHMAKE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	GET_DATE, FXADDPAR, FXHCLEAN
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	Groups are not currently supported.
 Side effects: 
	BITPIX, NAXIS, etc. are defined such that complex arrays are stored as
	floating point, with an extra first dimension of two elements (real and
	imaginary parts).
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Jan 1992, from FXHMAKE by D. Lindler and M. Greason.
	Differences include:

		* Use of FITS standard (negative BITPIX) to signal floating
		  point numbers instead of (SDAS/Geis) DATATYPE keyword.
		* Storage of complex numbers as pairs of real numbers.
		* Support for EXTEND keyword, and for cases where there is no
		  primary data array.
		* Insertion of DATE record made optional.  Only required FITS
		  keywords are inserted automatically.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 21 June 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 4, Wayne Landsman, GSFC, 12 August 1997
		Recognize double complex data type
 Version     :
       Version 4, 12 Aug 1997
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxhmake.pro)


FXHMODIFY

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXHMODIFY
 Purpose     : 
	Modify a FITS header in a file on disk.
 Explanation : 
	Opens a FITS file, and adds or modifies a parameter in the FITS header.
	Can be used for either the main header, or for an extension header. 
	The modification is performed directly on the disk file.
 Use         : 
	FXHMODIFY, FILENAME, NAME, VALUE, COMMENT
 Inputs      : 
	FILENAME = String containing the name of the file to be read.

	NAME	= Name of parameter.  If NAME is already in the header the
		  value and possibly comment fields are modified. Otherwise a
		  new record is added to the header.  If NAME is equal to
		  either "COMMENT" or "HISTORY" then the value will be added to
		  the record without replacement.  In this case the comment
		  parameter is ignored.

	VALUE	= Value for parameter.  The value expression must be of the
		  correct type, e.g. integer, floating or string.  String
		  values of 'T'	or 'F' are considered logical values.

 Opt. Inputs : 
	COMMENT	= String field.  The '/' is added by this routine.  Added
		  starting in position 31.  If not supplied, or set equal to ''
		  (the null string), then any previous comment field in the
		  header for that keyword is retained (when found).
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	EXTENSION = Either the number of the FITS extension, starting with the
		    first extension after the primary data unit being one; or a
		    character string containing the value of EXTNAME to search
		    for.  If not passed, then the primary FITS header is
		    modified.           

	BEFORE	= Keyword string name.  The parameter will be placed before the
		  location of this keyword.  For example, if BEFORE='HISTORY'
		  then the parameter will be placed before the first history
		  location.  This applies only when adding a new keyword;
		  keywords already in the header are kept in the same position.

	AFTER	= Same as BEFORE, but the parameter will be placed after the
		  location of this keyword.  This keyword takes precedence over
		  BEFORE.

       FORMAT	= Specifies FORTRAN-like format for parameter, e.g. "F7.3".  A
		  scalar string should be used.  For complex numbers the format
		  should be defined so that it can be applied separately to the
		  real and imaginary parts.
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		  returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		  depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		  encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		  use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXHMODIFY, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	FXHREAD, FXPAR, FXADDPAR
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	Adding records to a FITS header is not allowed if it would increase the
	number of 2880 byte records needed to store the header.  Modifying
	existing records is always allowed.

	This routine can not be used to modify any of the keywords that control
	the structure of the FITS file, e.g. BITPIX, NAXIS, PCOUNT, etc.  Doing
	so could corrupt the readability of the FITS file.

 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	None.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, 3 March 1994.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 3 March 1994.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
 Version     :
       Version 3, 23 June 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxhmodify.pro)


FXHREAD

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXHREAD
 Purpose     : 
       Reads a FITS header from an opened disk file.
 Explanation : 
       Reads a FITS header from an opened disk file.
 Use         : 
	FXHREAD, UNIT, HEADER  [, STATUS ]
 Inputs      : 
	UNIT	= Logical unit number.
 Opt. Inputs : 

 Outputs     : 
	HEADER	= String array containing the FITS header.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	STATUS	= Condition code giving the status of the read.  Normally, this
		  is zero, but is set to !ERR if an error occurs, or if the
		  first byte of the header is zero (ASCII null).
 Keywords    : 
	None.
 Calls       : 
	None.
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	The file must already be positioned at the start of the header.  It
	must be a proper FITS file.
 Side effects: 
	The file ends by being positioned at the end of the FITS header, unless
	an error occurs.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Feb 1992, from READFITS by J. Woffard and W. Landsman.
	W. Thompson, Aug 1992, added test for SIMPLE keyword.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, February 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
 Version     : 
	Version 1, 12 April 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxhread.pro)


FXMOVE

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 NAME:
     FXMOVE
 PURPOSE:
     Skip a specified number of extensions in a FITS file

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     STATUS=FXMOVE(UNIT, N_EXT)

 INPUT PARAMETERS:
     UNIT     = An open unit descriptor for a FITS data stream.
     N_EXT   = Number of extensions to skip.

 RETURNS:
     0 if successful.
    -1 if an error is encountered.

 COMMON BLOCKS:
      None.
 SIDE EFFECTS:
      Repositions the file pointer.
 PROCEDURE:
      Each FITS header is read in and parsed, and the file pointer is moved
      to where the next FITS extension header until the desired
      extension is reached.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
      FXPAR(), MRD_HREAD, MRD_SKIP
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
      Extracted from FXPOSIT 8-March-2000 by T. McGlynn

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxmove.pro)


FXPAR()

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 NAME: 
        FXPAR()
 PURPOSE: 
       Obtain the value of a parameter in a FITS header.
 EXPLANATION: 
       The first 8 chacters of each element of HDR are searched for a match to
       NAME.  If the keyword is one of those allowed to take multiple values
       ("HISTORY", "COMMENT", or "        " (blank)), then the value is taken
       as the next 72 characters.  Otherwise, it is assumed that the next
       character is "=", and the value (and optional comment) is then parsed
       from the last 71 characters.  An error occurs if there is no parameter
       with the given name.
      
       If the value is too long for one line, it may be continued on to the
       the next input card, using the OGIP CONTINUE convention.  For more info,
       http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/ofwg/docs/ofwg_recomm/r13.html

       Complex numbers are recognized as two numbers separated by one or more
       space characters.

       If a numeric value has no decimal point (or E or D) it is returned as
       type LONG.  If it contains more than 8 numerals, or contains the
       character 'D', then it is returned as type DOUBLE.  Otherwise it is
       returned as type FLOAT.    If an integer is too large to be stored as
       type LONG, then it is returned as DOUBLE.

 CALLING SEQUENCE: 
       Result = FXPAR( HDR, NAME  [, ABORT, COUNT=, COMMENT=, /NOCONTINUE ] )

       Result = FXPAR(HEADER,'DATE')           ;Finds the value of DATE
       Result = FXPAR(HEADER,'NAXIS*')         ;Returns array dimensions as
                                               ;vector
 REQUIRED INPUTS: 
       HDR     = FITS header string array (e.g. as returned by FXREAD).  Each
                 element should have a length of 80 characters
       NAME    = String name of the parameter to return.  If NAME is of the
                 form 'keyword*' then an array is returned containing values
                 of keywordN where N is an integer.  The value of keywordN
                 will be placed in RESULT(N-1).  The data type of RESULT will
                 be the type of the first valid match of keywordN found.
 OPTIONAL INPUT: 
       ABORT   = String specifying that FXPAR should do a RETALL if a
                 parameter is not found.  ABORT should contain a string to be
                 printed if the keyword parameter is not found.  If not
                 supplied, FXPAR will return with a negative !err if a keyword
                 is not found.
       START   = A best-guess starting position of the sought-after
                 keyword in the header.  If specified, then FXPAR
                 first searches for scalar keywords in the header in
                 the index range bounded by START-PRECHECK and
                 START+POSTCHECK.  This can speed up keyword searches
                 in large headers.  If the keyword is not found, then
                 FXPAR searches the entire header.  

                 If not specified then the entire header is searched.
                 Searches of the form 'keyword*' also search the
                 entire header and ignore START.

                 Upon return START is changed to be the position of
                 the newly found keyword.  Thus the best way to
                 search for a series of keywords is to search for
                 them in the order they appear in the header like
                 this:

                       START = 0L
                       P1 = FXPAR('P1', START=START)
                       P2 = FXPAR('P2', START=START)
       PRECHECK = If START is specified, then PRECHECK is the number
                  of keywords preceding START to be searched.
                  Default: 5
       POSTCHECK = If START is specified, then POSTCHECK is the number
                   of keywords after START to be searched.
                   Default: 20
 OUTPUT: 
       The returned value of the function is the value(s) associated with the
       requested keyword in the header array.

       If the parameter is complex, double precision, floating point, long or
       string, then the result is of that type.  Apostrophes are stripped from
       strings.  If the parameter is logical, 1 is returned for T, and 0 is
       returned for F.

       If NAME was of form 'keyword*' then a vector of values are returned.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORDS: 
       /NOCONTINUE = If set, then continuation lines will not be read, even
                 if present in the header
 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD:
       COUNT   = Optional keyword to return a value equal to the number of
                 parameters found by FXPAR.
       COMMENTS= Array of comments associated with the returned values.

 PROCEDURE CALLS: 
       GETTOK(), VALID_NUM
 SIDE EFFECTS: 

       The system variable !err is set to -1 if parameter not found, 0 for a
       scalar value returned.  If a vector is returned it is set to the number
       of keyword matches found.

       If a keyword occurs more than once in a header, a warning is given,
       and the first occurence is used.  However, if the keyword is "HISTORY",
       "COMMENT", or "        " (blank), then multiple values are returned.

 NOTES:
	The functions SXPAR() and FXPAR() are nearly identical, although
	FXPAR() has slightly more sophisticated parsing.   There is no
	particular reason for having two nearly identical procedures, but
	both are too widely used to drop either one.

 REVISION HISTORY: 
       Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
               Adapted from SXPAR
       Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 14 October 1994
               Modified to use VALID_NUM instead of STRNUMBER.  Inserted
               additional call to VALID_NUM to trap cases where character
               strings did not contain quotation marks.
       Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 22 December 1994
               Fixed bug with blank keywords, following suggestion by Wayne
               Landsman.
       Version 4, Mons Morrison, LMSAL, 9-Jan-98
               Made non-trailing ' for string tag just be a warning (not
               a fatal error).  It was needed because "sxaddpar" had an
               error which did not write tags properly for long strings
               (over 68 characters)
       Version 5, Wayne Landsman GSFC, 29 May 1998
               Fixed potential problem with overflow of LONG values
       Version 6, Craig Markwardt, GSFC, 28 Jan 1998, 
               Added CONTINUE parsing         
       Version 7, Craig Markwardt, GSFC, 18 Nov 1999,
               Added START, PRE/POSTCHECK keywords for better performance

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxpar.pro)


FXPARPOS

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXPARPOS()
 Purpose     : 
	Finds position to insert record into FITS header.
 Explanation : 
	Finds the position to insert a record into a FITS header.  Called from
	FXADDPAR.
 Use         : 
	Result = FXPARPOS(KEYWRD, IEND  [, BEFORE=BEFORE ]  [, AFTER=AFTER ])
 Inputs      : 
	KEYWRD	= Array of eight-character keywords in header.
	IEND	= Position of END keyword.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	None.
 Outputs     : 
	Result of function is position to insert record.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	BEFORE	= Keyword string name.  The parameter will be placed before the
		  location of this keyword.  For example, if BEFORE='HISTORY'
		  then the parameter will be placed before the first history
		  location.  This applies only when adding a new keyword;
		  keywords already in the header are kept in the same position.

	AFTER	= Same as BEFORE, but the parameter will be placed after the
		  location of this keyword.  This keyword takes precedence over
		  BEFORE.

	If neither BEFORE or AFTER keywords are passed, then IEND is returned.

 Calls       : 
	None.
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	KEYWRD and IEND must be consistent with the relevant FITS header.
 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	William Thompson, Jan 1992.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
 Version     : 
	Version 1, 12 April 1993.
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxparpos.pro)


FXPOSIT

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 NAME:
     FXPOSIT
 PURPOSE:
     Return the unit number of a FITS file positioned at specified extension
 EXPLANATION:
     The FITS file will be ready to be read at the beginning of the 
     specified extension.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     unit=FXPOSIT(FILE, EXT_NO, /READONLY, COMPRESS=program)

 INPUT PARAMETERS:
     FILE    = FITS file name, scalar string
     EXT_NO  = Extension to be moved to, scalar nonnegative integer

 RETURNS:
     Unit number of file or -1 if an error is detected.

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD PARAMETER:
     /READONLY - If this keyword is set and non-zero, then OPENR rather 
                than OPENU will be used to open the FITS file.
     COMPRESS - If this keyword is set and non-zero, then then treat
                the file as compressed.  If 1 assume a gzipped file.
                Where possible use IDLs internal decompression
                facilities (i.e., v5.3 or greater) or on Unix systems
                spawn off a process to decompress and use its output
                as the FITS stream.  If the keyword is not 1, then
                use its value as a string giving the command needed for
                decompression.

 COMMON BLOCKS:
      None.
 SIDE EFFECTS:
      Opens and returns the descriptor of a file.
 PROCEDURE:
      Open the appropriate file, or spawn a command and intercept
      the output.
      Call FXMOVE to get to the appropriate extension.
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
      EXPAND_TILDE() (Unix only), FXPAR(), FXMOVE()
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
      Derived from William Thompson's FXFINDEND routine.
      Modified by T.McGlynn, 5-October-1994.
       Modified by T.McGlynn, 25-Feb-1995 to handle compressed
          files.  Pipes cannot be accessed using FXHREAD so
          MRD_HREAD was written.
       W. Landsman 23-Apr-1997    Force the /bin/sh shell when uncompressing 
       W. Landsman 26-May-1997    Non-unix is not just VMS
       T. McGlynn  22-Apr-1999    Add /binary modifier needed for Windows
       T. McGlynn  03-June-1999   Use /noshell option to get rid of processes left by spawn.
                                  Use findfile to retain ability to use wildcards
       W. Landsman 03-Aug-1999    Use EXPAND_TILDE under Unix to find file
       T. McGlynn  04-Apr-2000    Put reading code into FXMOVE,
                                  additional support for compression from D.Palmer.
       W. Landsman/D.Zarro 04-Jul-2000    Added test for !VERSION.OS EQ 'Win32' (WinNT)

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxposit.pro)


FXREAD

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXREAD
 Purpose     : 
	Read basic FITS files.
 Explanation : 
	Read the primary array from a disk FITS file.  Optionally allows the
	user to read in only a subarray and/or every Nth pixel.
 Use         : 
	FXREAD, FILENAME, DATA  [, HEADER  [, I1, I2  [, J1, J2 ]]  [, STEP]]
 Inputs      : 
	FILENAME = String containing the name of the file to be read.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	I1,I2	 = Data range to read in the first dimension.  If passed, then
		   HEADER must also be passed.  If not passed, or set to -1,-1,
		   then the entire range is read.
	J1,J2	 = Data range to read in the second dimension.  If passed, then
		   HEADER and I1,J2 must also be passed.  If not passed, or set
		   to -1,-1, then the entire range is read.
	STEP	 = Step size to use in reading the data.  If passed, then
		   HEADER must also be passed.  Default value is 1.  Ignored if
		   less than 1.
 Outputs     : 
	DATA	 = Data array to be read from the file.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	HEADER	 = String array containing the header for the FITS file.
 Keywords    : 
	NANVALUE = Value signalling data dropout.  All points corresponding to
		   IEEE NaN (not-a-number) are set to this value.  Ignored
		   unless DATA is of type float or double-precision.
	PROMPT	 = If set, then the optional parameters are prompted for at the
		   keyboard.
	AVERAGE	 = If set, then the array size is reduced by averaging pixels
		   together rather than by subselecting pixels.  Ignored unless
		   STEP is nontrivial.  Note:  this is much slower.
	YSTEP	 = If passed, then STEP is the step size in the 1st dimension,
		   and YSTEP is the step size in the 2nd dimension.  Otherwise,
		   STEP applies to both directions.
	NOSCALE	 = If set, then the output data will not be scaled using the
		   optional BSCALE and BZERO keywords in the FITS header.
		   Default is to scale, if and only if BSCALE and BZERO are
		   present and nontrivial.
	NOUPDATE = If set, then the optional BSCALE and BZERO keywords in the
		   optional HEADER array will not be changed.  The default is
		   to reset these keywords to BSCALE=1, BZERO=0.  Ignored if
		   NOSCALE is set.
	ERRMSG   = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		   returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		   depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		   encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		   use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXREAD, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	GET_DATE, IEEE_TO_HOST, FXADDPAR, FXHREAD, FXPAR, WHERENAN
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	Groups are not supported.

	The optional parameters I1, I2, and STEP only work with one or
	two-dimensional arrays.  J1 and J2 only work with two-dimensional
	arrays.

	Use of the AVERAGE keyword is not compatible with arrays with missing
	pixels.

 Side effects: 
	If the keywords BSCALE and BZERO are present in the FITS header, and
	have non-trivial values, then the returned array DATA is formed by the
	equation

			DATA = BSCALE*original + BZERO

	However, this behavior can overridden by using the /NOSCALE keyword.

	If the data is scaled, then the optional HEADER array is changed so
	that BSCALE=1 and BZERO=0.  This is so that these scaling parameters
	are not applied to the data a second time by another routine.  Also,
	history records are added storing the original values of these
	constants.  Note that only the returned array is modified--the header
	in the FITS file itself is untouched.

	If the /NOUPDATE keyword is set, however, then the BSCALE and BZERO
	keywords are not changed.  It is then the user's responsibility to
	ensure that these parameters are not reapplied to the data.  In
	particular, these keywords should not be present in any header when
	writing another FITS file, unless the user wants their values to be
	applied when the file is read back in.  Otherwise, FITS readers will
	read in the wrong values for the data array.
	
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, May 1992, based in part on READFITS by W. Landsman, and
			       STSUB by M. Greason and K. Venkatakrishna.
	W. Thompson, Jun 1992, added code to interpret BSCALE and BZERO
			       records, and added NOSCALE and NOUPDATE
			       keywords.
	W. Thompson, Aug 1992, changed to call FXHREAD, and to add history
			       records for BZERO, BSCALE.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, May 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 17 November 1993.
		Corrected bug with AVERAGE keyword on non-IEEE compatible
		machines.
		Corrected bug with subsampling on VAX machines.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
       Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
               Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
       Version 5, Zarro (SAC/GSFC), 14 Feb 1997 
               Added I/O error checking
       Version 6, 20-May-1998, David Schlegel/W. Thompson
               Allow a single pixel to be read in.
               Change the signal to read in the entire array to be -1
 Version     :
       Version 6,   20-May-1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxread.pro)


FXTAPEREAD

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        :	FXTAPEREAD

 Purpose     : Copy FITS files tape to disk with interactive capabilities.

 Explanation :	Copy FITS files from tape onto disk.  Data is left in FITS 
		format, and not converted to SDAS.  For use on VMS (any 
		version) and UNIX running IDL Version 3.1 or later (see 
		Restrictions).

 Use         :	FXTAPEREAD                      ; Prompt for all parameters.

		FXTAPEREAD, UNIT, LIST, KEYWORD, TAPENAME, FNAMES [, XWSTR]

		FXTAPEREAD, 1, INDGEN(5)+1, 'IMAGE'
			; Read the first 5 files on unit 1.  The filenames are
			; taken from the IMAGE keyword.

		FXTAPEREAD, 1, [2,4], '', '', ['GALAXY', 'STAR']
			; Read files 2 and 4 on unit 1.  Create files named
			; GALAXY and STAR.

		FXTAPEREAD, 1, [2,4]
			; Read files 2 and 4, and prompt for filenames.

 Inputs      :	None necessary.

 Opt. Inputs :	Interactive users will normally just type FXTAPEREAD and be 
		prompted for all parameters.  However, the following 
		parameters can be passed directly to FXTAPEREAD:

		UNIT	= Tape unit number (scalar: 0-9).

		LIST	= Vector containing list of file numbers to read.

		KEYWORD	= Scalar string giving a FITS keyword which will be 
			  extracted from the headers on tape and used for file 
			  names.  Set KEYWORD to the null string '', if such a 
			  keyword is not to be used.

		TAPENAME= Scalar string giving a name for the tape.  Filenames 
			  will be constructed by concatenating TAPENAME with 
			  the file number.  TAPENAME is used only if KEYWORD 
			  is passed as the null string ''.

		FNAMES	= Vector string giving a file name for each file 
			  number given in LIST.  FNAMES is used only if both 
			  KEYWORD = '' and TAPENAME = ''.  Spaces are trimmed 
			  from names in FNAMES.

		XWSTR	= A string array that contains informational text 
			  concerning tape reading events.  These strings are 
			  printed either to the screen or to the FILENAME 
			  widget (internally called XWIDGET) created by the 
			  XWINTAPE procedure.

 Outputs     :	None.

 Opt. Outputs:	FNAMES	= If KEYWORD or TAPENAME is set to a non-null string, 
			  then the filename created by FXTPIO_READ is stored 
			  in this variable to be returned to the caller.

		XWSTR	= A string array that contains informational text 
			  concerning tape reading events.  These strings are 
			  printed either to the screen or to the FILENAME 
			  widget (internally called XWIDGET) created by the 
			  XWINTAPE procedure.  Note that FXTAPEREAD adds
			  strings to this array and passes them back to the
			  caller.

 Keywords    :	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will
			  be returned to the user in this parameter rather 
			  than being handled by the IDL MESSAGE utility.  If
			  no errors are encountered, then a null string is
			  returned.  In order to use this feature, the string
			  ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.,

				ERRMSG = ''
				FXTAPEREAD, 1, INDGEN(5)+1, 'IMAGE', $
					ERRMSG=ERRMSG
				IF ERRMSG(0) NE '' THEN ...

		NOSUFFIX = Normally FXTAPEREAD (via FXTPIO_READ) will 
			  automatically append a ".fits" to the end of a 
			  passed file name.  Setting this keyword prevents
			  that from happening.

		SFDU	= This keyword tells this routine that the first file
			  on the tape is an SFDU header file (defined to be
			  tape file number 1).  If this keyword is set, then
			  the first file on the tape is skipped after the
			  initial rewind is preformed.

		XWIDGET	= This keyword tells this routine that an X-window
			  widget (i.e., XWINTAPE) is driving this program.
			  If this is the case, any informational messages
			  generated from this routine will be displayed in the
			  widget instead of the screen.

 Calls       :	DATATYPE, FITSTAPE, GETFILES, FXTPIO_READ

 Common      :	None.

 Restrictions:	Supported under VMS and (NOW) under UNIX running IDL Versions
		3.1 or later when the UNIX versions of TAPRD, TAPWRT, etc. are
		included in a user library directory.

 Side effects:	FXTAPEREAD will always rewind the tape before processing.

		The FITS file is copied over record by record with no 
		conversion, until the  marker is reached.  No 
		testing is done of the validity of the FITS file.

		Images are NOT converted using BSCALE and BZERO factors in the 
		header.

		For each tape file a FITS disk file will be created with the 
		name ".FITS" unless /NOSUFFIX has been set..

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	William Thompson, March 1992, from FITSRD by D. Lindler.
		William Thompson, May 1992, fixed TPOS bug when reading 
			multiple files.
		William Thompson, Jan. 1993, changed for renamed FXTPIO_READ.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, March 1992.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
			Incorporated into CDS library.
		Version 2, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 13 March 1995.
			Added ERRMSG keyword.  Reformatted and modified the
			documentation.
		Version 3, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 20 March 1995.
			Added NOSUFFIX & SFDU keyword.
		Version 4, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 9 May 1995.
			Added the XWIDGET keyword.
		Version 5, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 13 December 1995.
			Fixed the output text when an SFDU header file has
			been written to the tape.  This SFDU file is now 
			referred to tape file #1 (instead of #0 as previously
			done) and the first FITS file is tape file #2 (instead
			of #1).

 Version     :	Version 5, 13 December 1995.

	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   October 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxtaperead.pro)


FXTAPEWRITE

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 Project     :	SOHO - CDS

 Name        :	FXTAPEWRITE

 Purpose     :	Procedure to copy disk FITS files to tape with interactive 
		capabilities.

 Explanation : Writes the FITS files to tape based upon the parameters 
		inputted or supplied.  If no parameters are supplied, then the 
		user is asked a series of questions to walk him or her through 
		copying a number of FITS files from disk to tape.  

 Use         : FXTAPEWRITE			; Prompt for all parameters.

		FXTAPEWRITE, UNIT, BLFAC, FNAMES, KEYWORD [, XWSTR]

		FXTAPEWRITE, 0, 1, FNAMES
			; Writes all FITS files listed in FNAMES to the tape 
			; associated to UNIT = 0 with 2880 bytes per record.
		FXTAPEWRITE, 1, 3, 'CDS', 'FILENAME'
			; Writes all FITS files beginning with the name 'CDS'
			; to the tape associated to UNIT = 1 with 8640 (2880*3)
			; bytes per record and includes the keyword 'FILENAME'
			; in the FITS header which contains the disk file name 
			; of the file being written.

 Inputs      : None necessary.

 Opt. Inputs : Interactive users will normally just type FXTAPEWRITE and be 
		prompted for all parameters.  However, the following 
		parameters can be passed directly to FXTAPEWRITE:

		UNIT	= Tape unit number (integer scalar).

		BLFAC	= Blocking factor (1-10) = # of 2880 byte records per 
			  block.

		FNAMES	= File names (string array).  If in interactive mode, 
			  the file names may either be specified individually, 
			  or a tapename may be specified, and all files in the 
			  form "tapename.FITS" will be written to tape.

		KEYWORD	= Name of a FITS keyword to put file names into.  This 
			  will simplify subsequent reading of the FITS tape, 
			  since individual filenames will not have to be 
			  specified.  If you don't want to put the file names 
			  into the FITS header, then just hit  
			  (interactive mode) or do not pass this parameter.

		XWSTR	= A string array that contains informational text
			  concerning the tape I/O.  These strings are printed
			  either to the screen or to the FILENAME widget (set
			  internally to XWIDGET) if the XWINTAPE procedure is
			  driving this routine.

 Outputs     : None.

 Opt. Outputs: XWSTR	= A string array that contains informational text
			  concerning the tape I/O.  These strings are printed
			  either to the screen or to the FILENAME widget (set
			  internally to XWIDGET) if the XWINTAPE procedure is
			  driving this routine.  Note that FXTAPEWRITE will
			  add strings to this array which is then passed back
			  to the caller.

 Keywords    : XWIDGET	= This keyword tells this FXTAPEWRITE that the XWINTAPE
			  widget procedure is driving this procedure.  If so,
			  then any informational text is printed to the 
			  FILENAME widget (internally set to XWIDGET) created
			  by XWINTAPE.

		SFDU	= If set, then an SFDU header file was placed at the
			  beginning of the tape.

		ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will 
			  be returned to the user in this parameter rather 
			  than being handled by the IDL MESSAGE utility.  If 
			  no errors are encountered, then a null string is 
			  returned.  In order to use this feature, the string 
			  ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.,

				ERRMSG = ''
				FXTAPEWRITE, 1, 1, FNAMES, ERRMSG=ERRMSG
				IF ERRMSG(0) NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : DATATYPE, FITSTAPE, GETFILES, FXTPIO_WRITE

 Common      : None.

 Restrictions:	Supported under VMS and (NOW) under UNIX running IDL Versions 
		3.1 or later when the UNIX versions of TAPRD, TAPWRT, etc. are 
		included in a user library directory.

 Side effects:	Tape is not rewound before files are written.  Tape should be
		positioned with REWIND or SKIPF before calling FXTAPEWRITE.  
		If you want to append new FITS files to a tape, then call 
		TINIT (tape init) to position tape between final double EOF.

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	William Thompson, March 1992, from FITSWRT by D. Lindler.
		William Thompson, May 1992, removed call to TINIT.
		William Thompson, Jan. 1993, changed for renamed FXTPIO_WRITE.

 Written     :	William Thompson, GSFC, March 1992.

 Modified    :	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
			Incorporated into CDS library.
		Version 2, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 13 March 1995.
			Included "passed" input parameters and ERRMSG keyword.
			Reformatted and modified the documentation.
		Version 3, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 9 May 1995.
			Added the XWIDGET keyword.
		Version 4, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 13 December 1995.
			Corrected output text such that if an SFDU file was
			placed at the beginning of the tape (indicated with
			the added keyword /SFDU), the first FITS file written
			to the tape is tape file #2 (not #1 as previously done).

 Version     :	Version 4, 13 December 1995.

	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   October 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxtapewrite.pro)


FXTPIO_READ

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 NAME:
	FXTPIO_READ

 PURPOSE:
	Copies FITS files from tape to disk -- internal routine.

 EXPLANATION :	
	Procedure to copy a FITS file from a tape on the specified tape unit to
	the disk file .FITS (unless the /NOSUFFIX keyword has been set).
	For use on VMS (any version) and UNIX running IDL Version 3.1 or later 
	(see Restrictions).

	The procedure FXTAPEREAD is normally used to read a FITS tape.
	FXTPIO_READ is a procedure call internal to FXTAPEREAD.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
		FXTPIO_READ, UNIT, NAME, [ KEYWORD, /NOSUFFIX, ERRMSG = ]

 INPUT PARAMETERS:	
	UNIT	= Tape unit number (scalar: 0-9).
	NAME	= File name (without an extension, unless /NOSUFFIX is set).

 OPTIONAL INPUT PARAMETERS:	
	KEYWORD	= If supplied and not equal to the null string then the file 
		name will be taken from the value of the header keyword 
		specified.

 OUTPUTS:	
	NAME	= Name of file if input keyword parameter is supplied.


 OPTIONAL OUTPUT KEYWORD: 
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will be 
		returned to the user in this parameter rather than being handled
		by the IDL MESSAGE utility.  If no errors are encountered, then
		a null string is returned.  In order to use this feature, the 
		string ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.,

				ERRMSG = ''
				FXTPIO_READ, 1, NAME, ERRMSG=ERRMSG
				IF ERRMSG(0) NE '' THEN ...

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD:
		NOSUFFIX = Normally FXTPIO_READ will automatically append a
			  ".fits" to the end of a passed file name.  Setting
			  this keyword prevents this from happening.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:	
	REMCHAR, FITSTAPE, FXPAR

 RESTRICTIONS:	
	Supported under VMS and (NOW) under UNIX running IDL Versions
	3.1 or later when the UNIX versions of TAPRD, TAPWRT, etc. are
	included in a user library directory.

 SIDE EFFECTS:	
	The FITS file is copied to a disk file called .FITS 
	(unless the /NOSUFFIX keyword has been set).

	The FITS file is copied over record by record with no conversion, until
	the end-of-file marker is reached.  No testing is done of the validity 
	of the FITS file.

	Images are NOT converted using BSCALE and BZERO factors in the header.

 Category    :	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.

 Prev. Hist. :	William Thompson, March 1992, from FITSREAD by D. Lindler, M. 
						Greason, and W. Landsman.
		W. Thompson, May 1992, changed open statement to force 2880 
			byte fixed length records (VMS).  The software here 
			does not depend on this file configuration, but other
			FITS readers might.
		William Thompson, Jan. 1993, renamed to be compatible with DOS 
		Version 2, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 14 March 1995.
			Added ERRMSG and NOSUFFIX keywords.

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxtpio_read.pro)


FXTPIO_WRITE

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 NAME:	
	FXTPIO_WRITE

 PURPOSE:	
	Copy FITS files from disk to tape -- internal routine.

 EXPLANATION:	
	Procedure will copy a disk FITS file to the specified tape  unit, at 
	the current tape position.  Used for true disk FITS files, not 
	SDAS/Geis files.  Called by FXTAPEWRITE.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:	
		FXTPIO_WRITE, UNIT, FILE, [ KEYWORD, ERRRMSG = ]

 INPUTS:	
	UNIT	= IDL tape unit number (scalar: 0-9).
	FILE	= Disk FITS file name, with extension.

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:	
	KEYWORD	= Keyword to place file name into.  If not supplied or 
		equal to the null string '' then the file name is 
		not put into the header before writing it to tape.

 OUTPUTS:	
	NONE

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD OUTPUT: 
	ERRMSG	= If defined and passed, then any error messages will
		be returned to the user in this parameter rather than being 
		handled by the IDL MESSAGE utility.  If no errors are 
		encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to use 
		this feature, the string ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.,

				ERRMSG = ''
				FXTPIO_WRITE, 1, FILE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG
				IF ERRMSG(0) NE '' THEN ...

 PROCEDURE CALLS:	
	REMCHAR, FXHREAD, FXPAR, FDECOMP, FXADDPAR, FITSTAPE

 RESTRICTIONS:	
	Supported under VMS and (NOW) under UNIX running IDL Versions
	3.1 or later when the UNIX versions of TAPRD, TAPWRT, etc. are
	included in a user library directory.

 REVISION HISTORY:
 		William Thompson, March 1992, from FITSWRITE by D. Lindler, W.
						Landsman, and M. Greason.
		William Thompson, Jan. 1993, renamed to be compatible with DOS 
		Version 2, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 14 March 1995.
			Added ERRMSG keyword.  Updated documentation concerning
			UNIX.
		Version 3, Donald G. Luttermoser, GSFC/ARC, 9 May 1995.
			Removed the "PRINT, FILE" line from this routine and
			placed it in FXTAPEWRITE which drives this procedure.

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxtpio_write.pro)


FXWRITE

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 Project     : SOHO - CDS

 Name        : 
	FXWRITE
 Purpose     : 
	Write a disk FITS file.
 Explanation : 
	Creates a disk FITS file and writes a FITS primary header, and
	optionally a primary data array.
 Use         : 
	FXWRITE, FILENAME, HEADER [, DATA ]
 Inputs      : 
	FILENAME = String containing the name of the file to be written.
	HEADER	 = String array containing the header for the FITS file.
 Opt. Inputs : 
	DATA	 = IDL data array to be written to the file.  If not passed,
		   then it is assumed that extensions will be added to the
		   file.
 Outputs     : 
	None.
 Opt. Outputs: 
	None.
 Keywords    : 
	NANVALUE = Value signalling data dropout.  All points corresponding to
		   this value are set to be IEEE NaN (not-a-number).  Ignored
		   unless DATA is of type float, double-precision or complex.
	NOUPDATE = If set, then the optional BSCALE and BZERO keywords in the
		   HEADER array will not be changed.  The default is to reset
		   these keywords to BSCALE=1, BZERO=0.
	ERRMSG	 = If defined and passed, then any error messages will be
		   returned to the user in this parameter rather than
		   depending on the MESSAGE routine in IDL.  If no errors are
		   encountered, then a null string is returned.  In order to
		   use this feature, ERRMSG must be defined first, e.g.

			ERRMSG = ''
			FXWRITE, ERRMSG=ERRMSG, ...
			IF ERRMSG NE '' THEN ...

 Calls       : 
	CHECK_FITS, GET_DATE, HOST_TO_IEEE, FXADDPAR, FXPAR
 Common      : 
	None.
 Restrictions: 
	If DATA is passed, then HEADER must be consistent with it.  If no data
	array is being written to the file, then HEADER must also be consistent
	with that.  The routine FXHMAKE can be used to create a FITS header.

	If found, then the optional keywords BSCALE and BZERO in the HEADER
	array is changed so that BSCALE=1 and BZERO=0.  This is so that these
	scaling parameters are not applied to the data a second time by another
	routine.  Also, history records are added storing the original values
	of these constants.

	If the /NOUPDATE keyword is set, however, then the BSCALE and BZERO
	keywords are not changed.  The user should then be aware that FITS
	readers will apply these numbers to the data, even if the data is
	already converted to floating point form.

	Groups are not supported.

 Side effects: 
	None.
 Category    : 
	Data Handling, I/O, FITS, Generic.
 Prev. Hist. : 
	W. Thompson, Jan 1992, from WRITEFITS by J. Woffard and W. Landsman.
	Differences include:

		* Made DATA array optional, and HEADER array mandatory.
		* Changed order of HEADER and DATA parameters.
		* No attempt made to fix HEADER array.

	W. Thompson, May 1992, changed open statement to force 2880 byte fixed
			       length records (VMS).  The software here does not
			       depend on this file configuration, but other
			       FITS readers might.
	W. Thompson, Aug 1992, added code to reset BSCALE and BZERO records,
			       and added the NOUPDATE keyword.
 Written     : 
	William Thompson, GSFC, January 1992.
 Modified    : 
	Version 1, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 April 1993.
		Incorporated into CDS library.
	Version 2, William Thompson, GSFC, 31 May 1994
		Added ERRMSG keyword.
	Version 3, William Thompson, GSFC, 23 June 1994
		Modified so that ERRMSG is not touched if not defined.
	Version 4, William Thompson, GSFC, 12 August 1999
		Catch error if unable to open file.
 Version     : 
	Version 4, 12 August 1999

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/fxwrite.pro)


F_FORMAT

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 NAME:
	F_FORMAT
 PURPOSE:
	Choose a nice floating format for displaying an array of REAL data.
 EXPLANATION:
	Called by TVLIST, IMLIST.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	fmt = F_FORMAT( minval, maxval, factor, [ length ] )

 INPUTS:
	MINVAL - REAL scalar giving the minimum value of an array of numbers
		for which one desires a nice format.
	MAXVAL - REAL scalar giving maximum value in array of numbers

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
	LENGTH - length of the output F format (default = 5)
		must be an integer scalar > 2

 OUTPUT:
	FMT - an F or I format string, e.g. 'F5.1'
	FACTOR - factor of 10 by which to multiply array of numbers to achieve
		a pretty display using format FMT.

 EXAMPLE:
	Find a nice format to print an array of numbers with a minimum of 5.2e-3
	and a maximum  of 4.2e-2.

		IDL> fmt = F_FORMAT( 5.2e-3, 4.2e-2, factor )
         
	yields fmt = '(F5.2)' and factor = .01, i.e. the array can be displayed
	with a F5.2 format after multiplication by 100.

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written W. Landsman              December 1988
	Deal with factors < 1.           August 1991
	Deal with factors < 1. *and* a large range    October 1992
	Now returns In format rather than Fn.0    February, 1994
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/f_format.pro)


GALAGE

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 NAME: 
   GALAGE

 PURPOSE:
   Determine the age of a galaxy given its redshift and a formation redshift.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
   age = galage(z, [zform,  H0 =, k=, lambda0 =, Omega_m= , q0 =, /SILENT])' 

 INPUTS:
    z - positive numeric vector or scalar of measured redshifts 
    zform - redshift of galaxy formation (> z), numeric positive scalar 
        To determine the age of the universe at a given redshift, set zform
        to a large number (e.g. ~1000).

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUTS: 
    H0 - Hubble constant in km/s/Mpc, positive scalar, default is 70
    /SILENT - If set, then the adopted cosmological parameters are not 
         displayed at the terminal.

        No more than two of the following four parameters should be
        specified.   None of them need be specified -- the adopted defaults
        are given. 
    k - curvature constant, normalized to the closure density.   Default is
        0, (indicating a flat universe)
    Omega_m -  Matter density, normalized to the closure density, default
        is 0.3.   Must be non-negative
    Lambda0 - Cosmological constant, normalized to the closure density,
        default is 0.7
    q0 - Deceleration parameter, numeric scalar = -R*(R'')/(R')^2, default
        is -0.5
       
 OUTPUTS:
    age -  age of galaxy in years, will have the same number of elements
           as the input Z vector

 EXAMPLE:
    (1) Determine the age of a galaxy observed at z = 1.5 in a cosmology with
    Omega_matter = 0.3 and Lambda = 0.0.    Assume the formation redshift was
    at z = 25, and use the default Hubble constant (=70 km/s/Mpc)

    IDL> print,galage(1.5,25,Omega_m=0.3, Lambda = 0)
             ===> 3.35 Gyr
     
    (2) Plot the age of a galaxy in Gyr out to a redshift of z = 5, assuming 
        the default cosmology (omega_m=0.3, lambda=0.7), and zform = 100

    IDL> z = findgen(50)/10.
    IDL> plot,z,galage(z,100)/1e9,xtit='z',ytit = 'Age (Gyr)'

 PROCEDURE:
    For a given formation time zform and a measured z, integrate dt/dz from 
    zform to z. Analytic formula of dt/dz in Gardner, PASP 110:291-305, 1998 
    March  (eq. 7)
 
 COMMENTS:
    (1) Integrates using the IDL Astronomy Version procedure QSIMP.    (The 
    intrinsic IDL QSIMP function is not called because of its ridiculous
    restriction that only scalar arguments can be passed to the integrating
    function.)    The function 'dtdz' is defined at the beginning of the 
    routine (so it can compile first).
    
    (2) Should probably be fixed to use a different integrator from QSIMP when
    computing age from an "infinite" redshift of formation.    But using a 
    large value of zform seems to work adequately.
 PROCEDURES CALLED:
    COSMO_PARAM, QSIMP
 HISTORY: 
     STIS version by P. Plait (ACC)                  June 1999
     IDL Astro Version   W. Landsman (Raytheon ITSS)      April 2000

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/galage.pro)


GAL_FLAT

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 NAME:
	GAL_FLAT

 PURPOSE:
	Transforms the image of a galaxy so that the galaxy appears face-on
 EXPLANATION:
	Either a nearest-neighbor approximations or a bilinear interpolation 
	may  be used.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	RESULT = GAL_FLAT( image, ang, inc, [, cen, /INTERP ] )  

 INPUTS:   
	IMAGE  - Image to be transformed
	ANG  - Angle of major axis, counterclockwise from Y-axis, degrees
		For an image in standard orientation (North up, East left)
		this is the Position Angle
	INC - Angle of inclination of galaxy, degrees

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	CEN - Two element vector giving the X and Y position of galaxy center
		If not supplied, then the galaxy center is assumed to coincide
		 with the image center

 INPUT KEYWORDS:
	INTERP - If present, and non-zero, then bilinear interpolation will be
		performed.  Otherwise a nearest neighbor approximation  is used.

 OUTPUTS:
	RESULT - the transformed image, same dimensions and type as IMAGE

 METHOD:
	A set of 4 equal spaced control points are corrected for inclination
	using the procedure POLYWARP.   These control points are used by 
	POLY_2D to correct the whole image.

 REVISION HISTORY:
	Written by R. S. Hill, SASC Technologies Inc., 4 December 1985
	Code cleaned up a bit    W. Landsman      December 1992
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/gal_flat.pro)


GAUSSIAN

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 NAME:
       GAUSSIAN
 PURPOSE:
       Compute the 1-d Gaussian function and optionally the derivative
 EXPLANATION:
       Compute the 1-D Gaussian function and optionally the derivative 
       at an array of points.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       y = gaussian( xi, parms,[ pderiv ])

 INPUTS:
       xi = array, independent variable of Gaussian function.

       parms = parameters of Gaussian, 2 or 3 element array:
               parms(0) = maximum value (factor) of Gaussian,
               parms(1) = mean value (center) of Gaussian,
               parms(2) = standard deviation (sigma) of Gaussian.
               (if parms has only 2 elements then sigma taken from common).

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT:
       pderiv = optional output of partial derivatives,
               computed only if parameter is present in call.

               pderiv(*,i) = partial derivative at all xi absisca values
               with respect to parms(i), i=0,1,2.

       Function returns array of Gaussian evaluated at xi.

 EXAMPLE:
       Evaulate a Gaussian centered at x=0, with sigma=1, and a peak value
       of 10 at the points 0.5 and 1.5.   Also compute the derivative

       IDL> f = gaussian( [0.5,1.5], [10,0,1], DERIV )
       ==> f= [8.825,3.25].   DERIV will be a 2 x 3 array containing the
       numerical derivative at the two points with respect to the 3 parameters.
 
 COMMON BLOCKS:
       common gaussian, sigma
 HISTORY:
       Written, Frank Varosi NASA/GSFC 1992.
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/gaussian.pro)


GCIRC

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 NAME:
     GCIRC
 PURPOSE:
     Computes rigorous great circle arc distances.  
 EXPLANATION:
     Input/Output can either be either sexigesimal RA, Dec, or in radians. 
     All computations are double precision.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
      GCIRC, U, RA1, DC1, RA2, DC2, DIS

 INPUTS:
      U    -- Describes units of inputs and output:
              0:  everything radians
              1:  RAx in decimal hours, DCx in decimal
                       degrees, DIS in arc seconds 
      RA1  -- Right ascension of point 1
      DC1  -- Declination of point 1
      RA2  -- Right ascension of point 2
      DC2  -- Declination of point 2

 OUTPUTS:
      DIS  -- Angular distance on the sky between points 1 and 2
              See U above for units;  double precision  

 PROCEDURE:
      "Cosine formula" (p. 7 of Smart's Spherical Astronomy or
      p. 12 of Green's Spherical Astronomy)

 NOTES:
       (1) If RA1,DC1 are scalars, and RA2,DC2 are vectors, then DIS is a
       vector giving the distance of each element of RA2,DC2 to RA1,DC1.
       Similarly, if RA1,DC1 are vectors, and RA2, DC2 are scalars, then DIS
       is a vector giving the distance of each element of RA1, DC1 to 
       RA2, DC2.    If both RA1,DC1 and RA2,DC2 are vectors then DIS is a
       vector giving the distance of each element of RA1,DC1 to the 
       corresponding element of RA2,DC2.    If the input vectors are not the 
       same length, then excess elements of the longer ones will be ignored.

       (2) Coordinates closer together than a few milliarcsec cannot
       be distinguished.  If you are in this realm, you should be
       using special-purpose algorithms.

       (3) The function SPHDIST provides an alternate method of computing
        a spherical distance.

 PROCEDURE CALLS:
      ISARRAY()

   MODIFICATION HISTORY:
      Written in Fortran by R. Hill -- SASC Technologies -- January 3, 1986
      Translated from FORTRAN to IDL, RSH, STX, 2/6/87
      Vector arguments allowed    W. Landsman    April 1989
      Prints result if last argument not given.  RSH, RSTX, 3 Apr. 1998
      Converted to IDL V5.0                      April 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/gcirc.pro)


GETFILES

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 NAME:
	GETFILES
 PURPOSE:
	Prompt the user to interactively specify a list of files
 EXPLANATION:
	User can specify a single file per line or a range of files 
	separated by a dash or comma.    Used, for example, by FITSRD to
	return a list of file numbers on tape to read

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	getfiles, list

 OUTPUT:
	LIST - integer array containing file numbers

 SIDE EFFFECTS:
	User will be prompted to enter a list of file numbers

 REVISION HISTORY
	Written D. Lindler November, 1985
	Converted to Version 2 IDL,  August 1990
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/getfiles.pro)


GETLOG

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 NAME:
     GETLOG
 PURPOSE:
     Formats a logical directory for the given operating system.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     result = GETLOG(lname)

 INPUTS:
     lname   - the base name of the logical (without special characters).

 OUTPUTS:
     Returns appropriate string.
     Under VMS the logical is not translated since it may correspond to
     multiple directories.    

 RESTRICTIONS:
     Assumes that the directory logical will have meaning to the host
     operating system.
 PROCEDURE:
       The operating system in !version.os_family is checked. If it equals:

               'vms'           then a ':' is appended.
               'windows'       directory name is translated with GETENV()
                               and a '\' is appended
               'unix'          directory name is translated with GETENV()
                               and a '/' is appended
               'MacOS'         directory name is translated with GETENV()

 EXAMPLE:
       Open the file 'stars.dbh' in the logical directory ZDBASE in an 
       operating system independent way:
               IDL> openr,1,getlog('ZDBASE') + 'stars.dbh'

 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Written, JDNeill, May, 1990.
       Modified, JDNeill,Sep, 1990 -- for unix return full path instead of
               just environment variable name.
       Modified, I. Freedman, HSTX April 1994 -- for MacOS return full path
       Bug in CASE statement fixed.    JDO, HSTX, May 2 1994.
       Added Windows compatibility  W. Landsman      September 1995
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/getlog.pro)


GETOPT

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 NAME:
	GETOPT
 PURPOSE:
	Convert a string supplied by the user into a valid scalar or vector
 EXPLANATION:
	Distinct elements in the string may be
	separated by either a comma or a space.  The output scalar
	or vector can be specified to be  either  integer or floating
	point.   A null string is converted to a zero.   !ERR is set
	to the number of elements supplied.  
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     option = GETOPT( input, [ type, numopt ])

 INPUTS:
	input   - string that was input by user in response to a prompt
		Arithmetic operations can be included in the string (see
		examples)

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	type    - Either an "I" (integer) or an "F" (floating point) specifying 
		the datatype of the output vector.  Default is floating point

	numopt  - number of values expected by calling procedure
		If less than NUMOPT values are supplied the output
		vector will be padded with zeros.  
 OUTPUTS:
	option  - scalar or vector containing the numeric conversion of
		the fields in the string INPUT.  If NUMOPT is not
		supplied, the number of elements in OPTION will 
		equal the number of distinct fields in INPUT.
 NOTES:
	(1) If an input is invalid, !ERR is set to -1 and the result is set 
		to 999.
	(2) GETOPT uses the execute function to interpret the user string.   
	 	Therefore GETOPT itself cannot be called with the EXECUTE 
		function.
	(3) GETOPT has a hard limit of 10 tokens in the input string. 

 EXAMPLES:
	(1)   a = getopt( '3.4,5*4 ', 'I' )    yields   a = [ 3, 20]
	(2)   a = getopt( '5/2.', 'F', 5)      yields   a = [2.5,0.,0.,0.,0.]
	(3)   a = getopt( '2*3,5,6')           yields   a = [6.,5.,6.]

 REVISON HISTORY:
	written by B. Pfarr, STX, 5/6/87
	change value of !ERR W. Landsman   STX,  6/30/88
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/getopt.pro)


GETPRO

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 NAME:
     GETPRO
 PURPOSE:
     Search !PATH for a procedure, and copy into user's working directory
 EXPLANATION:
     Extract a procedure from an IDL Library or directory given in the 
     !PATH  system variable and place it in the current default directory
     (presumably to be edited by the user).  GETPRO can also be used to 
     obtain a copy of the default startup file.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     GETPRO, [ proc_name ]          ;Find PROC_NAME in !PATH and copy

 OPTIONAL INPUT:
     proc_name - Character string giving the name of the IDL procedure or 
               function.  Do not give an extension.   If omitted, 
               the program will prompt for PROC_NAME.   

 OUTPUTS:
     None.

 SIDE EFFECTS:
      A file with the extension .pro and a name given by PROC_NAME will
      be created on the user's directory.

 PROCEDURE:
      The system variable !PATH is parsed into individual libraries or 
      directories.   Each library or directory is then searched for the
      procedure name.   When found, a SPAWN is used to extract or copy
      the procedure into the user's directory.    If not found in !PATH,
      then the ROUTINE_INFO() function is used to determine if it is an
      intrinsic IDL procedure.  

 EXAMPLE:
       Put a copy of the USER library procedure CURVEFIT on the current
       directory

       IDL> getpro, 'CURVEFIT'

 RESTRICTIONS:
       User will be unable to obain source code for a native IDL function
       or procedure, or for a FORTRAN or C routine added with CALL_EXTERNAL.
       User must have write privilege to the current directory

       This procedure is not used with Macintosh IDL. 
 PROCEDURE CALLS:
       FDECOMP, ZPARCHECK
 REVISION HISTORY:
      Written W. Landsman, STX Corp.   June 1990
      Now use intrinsic EXPAND_PATH() command  W. Landsman November 1994
      Use ROUTINE_NAMES() to check for intrinsic procs  W. Landsman July 95
      Update for Windows/IDL     W. Landsman      September 95
      Check if procedure is in current directory  W. Landsman  June 1997
      Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
      Use ROUTINE_INFO instead of undocumented ROUTINE_NAMES W.L. October 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/getpro.pro)


GETPSF

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 NAME:
	GETPSF
 PURPOSE:
	To generate a point-spread function (PSF) from observed stars. 
 EXPLANATION:
	The PSF is represented as a 2-dimensional Gaussian
	(integrated over each pixel) and a lookup table of residuals.
	The lookup table and Gaussian parameters are output in a FITS
	image file.   The PSF FITS file created by GETPSF can be
	read with the procedure RDPSF.      Adapted from the 1986 STSDAS 
	version of DAOPHOT

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	GETPSF, image, xc, yc, apmag, sky, [ronois, phpadu, gauss, psf, 
			idpsf, psfrad, fitrad, psfname, /DEBUG ]

 INPUTS:
	IMAGE  - input image array
	XC     - input vector of x coordinates (from FIND), these should be
		IDL (first pixel is (0,0)) convention.
	YC     - input vector of y coordinates (from FIND)
	APMAG  - vector of magnitudes (from APER), used for initial estimate
		of gaussian intensity.  If APMAG is multidimensional, (more
		than 1 aperture was used in APER) then the first aperture
		is used.
	SKY    - vector of sky values (from APER)                

 OPTIONAL INPUTS:
	The user will be prompted for the following parameters if not supplied.

	RONOIS - readout noise per pixel, (in electrons, or equivalent photons)
	PHPADU - photons per analog digital unit, used to scale the data
		numbers in IMAGE into photon units
	IDPSF  - subscripts of the list of stars created by 
		APER which will be used to define the PSF.   Stars whose
		centroid does not fall within PSFRAD of the edge of the frame,
		or for which a Gaussian fit requires more than 25 iterations,
		will be ignored when creating the final PSF.
	PSFRAD - the scalar radius, in pixels, of the circular area within
		which the PSF will be defined.   This should be slightly larger
		than the radius of the brightest star that one will be
		interested in.
	FITRAD - the scalar radius, in pixels of the circular area used in the
		least-square star fits.  Stetson suggest that FITRAD should
		approximately equal to the FWHM, slightly less for crowded
		fields.  (FITRAD must be smaller than PSFRAD.)
	PSFNAME- Name of the FITS file that will contain the table of residuals,
		and the best-fit Gaussian parameters.    This file is 
		subsequently required for use by NSTAR.  

 OPTIONAL OUTPUTS:
	GAUSS  - 5 element vector giving parameters of gaussian fit to the 
		first PSF star
		GAUSS(0) - height of the gaussian (above sky)
		GAUSS(1) - the offset (in pixels) of the best fitting gaussian
			and the original X centroid
		GAUSS(2) - similiar offset from the Y centroid 
		GAUSS(3) - Gaussian sigma in X
		GAUSS(4) - Gaussian sigma in Y
	PSF    - 2-d array of PSF residuals after a Gaussian fit.

 PROCEDURE:
	GETPSF fits a Gaussian profile to the core of the first PSF star 
	and generates a look-up table of the residuals of the
	actual image data from the Gaussian fit.  If desired, it will then
	fit this PSF to another star (using PKFIT) to determine its precise 
	centroid, scale the same Gaussian to the new star's core, and add the
	differences between the actual data and the scaled Gaussian to the
	table of residuals.   (In other words, the Gaussian fit is performed
	only on the first star.)

 OPTIONAL KEYWORD INPUT:
	DEBUG - if this keyword is set and non-zero, then the result of each
		fitting iteration will be displayed.

 PROCEDURES CALLED
	DAOERF, MAKE_2D, MKHDR, RINTER(), PKFIT, STRNUMBER(), STRN(), WRITEFITS

 REVISON HISTORY:
	Adapted from the 1986 version of DAOPHOT in STSDAS
	IDL Version 2  W Landsman           November 1988
	Use DEBUG keyword instead of !DEBUG  W. Landsman       May 1996
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/getpsf.pro)


GETROT

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 NAME:
    GETROT
 PURPOSE:
     Return the rotation and plate scale of an image from its FITS header
 EXPLANATION:
     Derive the counterclockwise rotation angle, and the X and Y scale
     factors of an image, from a FITS image header.   Input parameter 
     may be either a FITS image header or an astrometry structure (as 
     obtained by EXTAST.PRO)

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
     GETROT, Hdr, [ Rot, CDelt, /DEBUG  ]   
             or 
     GETROT, Astr, Rot, CDelt, /DEBUG ]       

 INPUT PARAMETERS:
     HDR - FITS Image header (string array).  Program will extract the 
             astrometry structure
              or
     ASTR -  ASTROMETRY structure, of the type returned by EXTAST.
             See the documentation for EXTAST.PRO for details.

 OPTIONAL OUTPUT PARAMETERS:
       ROT - Scalar giving the counterclockwise rotation of NORTH in DEGREES 
               from the +Y axis of the image.
       CDELT- 2 element vector giving the scale factors in DEGREES/PIXEL in 
               the X and Y directions.  Values correspond to the FITS 
               parameters CDELT1 and CDELT2 

       If no output variables are supplied (or /DEBUG is set), then GETROT 
       will display the rotation and plate scale at the terminal.

 OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD
       DEBUG - if DEBUG is set, GETROT will print the rotation for both the 
       X and Y axis when these values are unequal.  If DEBUG is set to 2, 
       then the output parameter ROT will contain both X and Y rotations.

 PROCEDURE:
       If the FITS header already contains CDELT (and CD or CROTA) keyword,
       (as suggested by the proposed Greisen & Calabretta FITS standard) 
       then this is used for the scale factor.
       
       If the header contains CD keywords but no CDELT keywords (as in IRAF
       headers) then the scale factor is derived from the CD matrix. 
       
 REVISION HISTORY:
       Written W. Landsman STX January 1987 
       Convert to IDL V2. M. Greason, STX, May 1990
       Option to return both rotations added.  J. D. Offenberg, STX, Aug 1991
       Use new astrometry structure   W. Landsman  Mar 1994
       Recognize a GSSS header        W. Landsman  June 1994
       Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997
       Correct rotation determination with unequal CDELT values WL October 1998

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/getrot.pro)


GETTOK

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 NAME:
	GETTOK                                    
 PURPOSE:
	Retrieve the first part of the string up to a specified character
 EXPLANATION:
	GET TOKen - Retrieve first part of string until the character char 
	is encountered.

 CALLING SEQUENCE:
	token = gettok( st, char )

 INPUT:
	char - character separating tokens, scalar string

 INPUT-OUTPUT:
	st - (scalar) string to get token from (on output token is removed)

 OUTPUT:
	token - scalar string value is returned 

 EXAMPLE:
	If ST is 'abc=999' then gettok(ST,'=') would return
	'abc' and ST would be left as '999' 

 NOTES:
       A version of GETTOK that accepts vector strings is available for users 
       of IDL V5.3 or later from  http://idlastro.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftp/v53/
 HISTORY
	version 1  by D. Lindler APR,86
	Remove leading blanks    W. Landsman (from JKF)    Aug. 1991
	Converted to IDL V5.0   W. Landsman   September 1997

(See /host/bluemoon/usr2/idllib/astron/pro/gettok.pro)


GETWRD

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 NAME:
       GETWRD
 PURPOSE:
       Return the n'th word from a text string.
 CATEGORY:
 CALLING SEQUENCE:
       wrd = getwrd(txt, n, [m])
 INPUTS:
       txt = text string to extract from.         in
       n = word number to get (first = 0 = def).  in
       m = optional last word number to get.      in
 KEYWORD PARAMETERS:
       Keywords:
         LOCATION = l.  Return word n string location.
         DELIMITER = d. Set word delimiter (def = space & tab).
         /LAST means n is offset from last word.  So n=0 gives
           last word, n=-1 gives next to last, ...
           If n=-2 and m=0 then last 3 words are returned.
         /NOTRIM suppresses whitespace trimming on ends.
         NWORDS=n.  Returns number of words in string.
 OUTPUTS:
       wrd = returned word or words.              out
 COMMON BLOCKS:
       getwrd_com
 NOTES:
       Note: If a NULL string is given (txt="") then the last string
             given is used.  This saves finding the words again.
             If m > n wrd will be a string of words from word n to
             word m.  If no m is given wrd will be a single word.
             n<0 returns text starting at word abs(n) to string end
             If n is out of range then a null string is returned.
             See also nwrds.
 MODIFICATION HISTORY:
       Ray Sterner,  6 Jan, 1985.
       R. Sterner, Fall 1989 --- converted to SUN.
       R. Sterner, Jan 1990 --- added delimiter.
       R. Sterner, 18 Mar, 1990 --- added /LAST.
       R. Sterner, 31 Jan, 1991 --- added /NOTRIM.
       R. Sterner, 20 May, 1991 --- Added common and NULL string.
       R. Sterner, 13 Dec, 1992 --- Made tabs equivalent to spaces.
       R. Sterner,  4 Jan, 1993 --- Added NWORDS keyword.
       Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory.

 Copyright (C) 1985, Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics La