"I must confess that the lectures of these men netted me no perceptible gain. It was obvious that Helmholtz never prepared his lectures properly... Kirchhoff was the very opposite... but it would sound like a memorized text, dry and monotonous."

Max Planck (Scientific Autobiography and other Papers, p. 15, Williams & Nolgate, London, 1950)

How do I print lectures with 4 pages on each printout page?

Links to postscript lectures with 4 pages on each printout page.

Lectures in pdf format:

Lecture 1: Review of stellar astrophysics

Lecture 2: The Milky Way

Lecture 3: Introduction to Galaxies

Lecture 4: Spiral Galaxies

Lecture 5: Elliptical Galaxies

Lecture 6: SDSS Galaxies, Luminosity Function

Lecture 7: Galaxy Formation and Interactions

Lecture 8: Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei

Lecture 9: Galaxy Clusters, Gravitational Lensing, Gamma-ray bursts

Lecture 10: The Extragalactic Distance Scale and Expansion of the Universe

Lecture 11: Newtonian and Relativistic Cosmology

Lecture 12: Observational Cosmology

Lecture 13: CMB and Other Evidence for the Big Bang

Lecture 14: Early Universe and Inflation

Homework assignments: